共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 267 毫秒
1.
Rahul Tripathi Rabi N. Sahoo Vinay K. Sehgal R. K. Tomar Debashish Chakraborty S. Nagarajan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2012,40(1):19-28
The current development of satellite technology particularly in the sensors like POLDER and MISR, has emphasized more on directional
reflectance measurements (i.e. spectral reflectance of the target measured from different view zenith and azimuth angles)
of the earth surface features mainly the vegetation for retrieval of biophysical parameters at regional scale using radiative
transfer models. This approach being physical process based and uses directional reflectance measurement has been found to
better and more reliable compared to the conventional statistical approach used till date and takes care of anisotropic nature
(i.e. reflectance from the target is different if measured from different view angles) of the target. Keeping this in view
a field experiment was conducted in mustard crop to evaluate the radiative transfer model for biophysical parameter retrieval
through its inversion with the objectives set as (i) to relate canopy biophysical parameters and geometry to its bidirectional
reflectance, (ii) to evaluate a canopy reflectance model to best represent the radiative transfer within the canopy for its
inversion and (iii) to retrieve crop biophysical parameters through inversion of the model. Two varieties of the mustard crop
(Brassica juncea L) were grown with two nitrogen treatments. The bidirectional reflectance data obtained at 5 nm interval
for a range of 400–1100 nm were integrated to IRS LISS–II sensor’s four band values using Newton Cotes Integration technique.
Biophysical parameters like leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll content, leaf length, plant height and average leaf inclination
angle, biomass etc were estimated synchronizing with the bi-directional reflectance measurements. Radiative transfer model PROSAIL model was
validated and its inversion was done to retrieve LAI and ALA. Look Up Table (LUT) of Bidirectional reflectance distribution
function (BRDF) was prepared simulating through PROSAIL model varying only LAI (0.2 interval from 1.2 to 5.4 ) and ALA (5°
interval from 40° to 55°) parameters and inversion was done using a merit function and numerical optimization technique given
by Press et al. (1986). The derived LAI and ALA values from inversion were well matched with observed one with RMSE 0.521
and 5.57, respectively. 相似文献
2.
Abstract Bidirectional reflectance characteristics of a wheat and a rice canopy were studied using radiometric measurements over the two canopies with an Exotech Radiometer Model 100AX. For both rice and wheat, the measurements exhibited significant variations in reflectance amplitude for varying viewing zenith angles and their values decreased from backward to forward scattering direction. Reflectance obtained its maximum value in the backscatter direction for the viewing angle that corresponds approximately to the solar zenith angle at the time of measurements. Canopy background condition (irrigated or non‐irrigated) was an important determining factor of canopy reflectance particularly in the near‐infrared region of the solar spectrum. Furthermore, bidirectional response characteristics of a vegetation canopy were influenced by the amount of vegetation cover. 相似文献
3.
S. Pradhan K. K. Bandyopadhyay R. N. Sahoo V. K. Sehgal R. Singh V. K. Gupta D. K. Joshi 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2014,42(4):711-718
Field experiment was conducted in a sandy loam soil of Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi during the year 2011–13 to see the effect of irrigation, mulch and nitrogen on canopy spectral reflectance indices and their use in predicting the grain and biomass yield of wheat. The canopy reflectances were measured using a hand held ASD FieldSpec Spectroradiometer at booting stage of wheat. Four spectral reflectance indices (SRIs) viz. RNDVI (Red Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), GNDVI (Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), SR (Simple Ratio) and WI (Water Index) were computed using the spectral reflectance data. Out of these four indices, RNDVI, GNDVI and SR were significantly and positively related with the grain and biomass yield of wheat whereas WI was significantly and negatively related with the grain and biomass yield of wheat. Calibration with the second year data showed that among the SRIs, WI could account for respectively, 85 % and 86 % variation in grain and biomass yield of wheat with least RMSE (395 kg ha?1 (15 %) for grain yield and 1609 kg ha?1 (20 %) for biomass yield) and highest d index (0.95 for grain yield and 0.91 for biomass yield). Therefore it can be concluded that WI measured at booting stage can be successfully used for prediction of grain and biomass yield of wheat. 相似文献
4.
Recent studies in Amazonian tropical evergreen forests using the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) have highlighted the importance of considering the view-illumination geometry in satellite data analysis. However, contrary to the observed for evergreen forests, bidirectional effects have not been evaluated in Brazilian subtropical deciduous forests. In this study, we used MISR data to characterize the reflectance and vegetation index anisotropies in subtropical deciduous forest from south Brazil under large seasonal solar zenith angle (SZA) variation and decreasing leaf area index (LAI) from the summer to winter. MODIS data were used to observe seasonal changes in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and enhanced vegetation index (EVI). Topographic effects on their determination were inspected by dividing data from the summer to winter and projecting results over a digital elevation model (DEM). By using the PROSAIL, we investigated the relative contribution of LAI and SZA to vegetation indices (VI) of deciduous forest. We also simulated and compared the MISR NDVI and EVI response of subtropical deciduous and tropical evergreen forests as a function of the large seasonal SZA amplitude of 33°. Results showed that the MODIS-MISR NDVI and EVI presented higher values in the summer and lower ones in the winter with decreasing LAI and increasing SZA or greater amounts of canopy shadows viewed by the sensors. In the winter, NDVI reduced local topographic effects due to the red-near infrared (NIR) band normalization. However, the contrary was observed for the three-band EVI that enhanced local variations in shaded and sunlit surfaces due to its strong dependence on the NIR band response. The reflectance anisotropy of the MISR bands increased from the summer to winter and was stronger in the backscattering direction at large view zenith angles (VZA). EVI was much more anisotropic than NDVI and the anisotropy increased from the summer to winter. It also increased from the forward scatter to the backscattering direction with the predominance of sunlit canopy components viewed by MISR, especially at large VZA. Modeling PROSAIL results confirmed the stronger anisotropy of EVI than NDVI for the subtropical deciduous and tropical evergreen forests. PROSAIL showed that LAI and SZA are coupled factors to decrease seasonally the VIs of deciduous forest with the first one having greater importance than the latter. However, PROSAIL seasonal variations in VIs were much smaller than those observed with MODIS data probably because the effects of shadows in heterogeneous canopy structures or/and cast by emergent trees and from local topography were not modeled. 相似文献
5.
冠层反射光谱对植被理化参数的全局敏感性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
植被理化参数与许多有关植物物质能量交换的生态过程密切相关,定量分析植被反射光谱对理化参数的敏感性是遥感反演理化参数含量的前提。本文采用EFAST(Extended Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test)全局敏感性分析方法,利用PROSAIL辐射传输模型分析了冠层疏密程度对叶片生化组分含量、冠层结构以及土壤背景等多种参数敏感性的影响,并对植被理化参数反演所需先验知识的精度问题进行了初步探讨。研究表明:(1)对于较为稠密的冠层,可见光波段的冠层反射率主要受叶绿素含量的影响,近红外和中红外波段的冠层反射率主要受干物质量和含水量的影响;(2)对于稀疏的冠层,LAI是影响400—2500 nm波段范围内冠层反射率的最重要参数,土壤湿度次之,叶片生化参数对冠层反射率的敏感性较低;(3)在已知稀疏冠层LAI的情况下进一步确定土壤的干湿状态,可显著提高冠层反射率对叶绿素含量的敏感度,有助于稀疏冠层叶绿素含量的反演。 相似文献
6.
HJ-1A CCD与TM数据及其估算草地LAI和鲜生物量效果比较分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
基于地面实测和PROSAIL模型模拟数据,研究了新型传感器HJ-1ACCD与TM数据一致性问题,分析了传感器天顶角和光谱相应函数差异的影响,对比两种传感器数据估算草地LAI和鲜生物量的效果,得出以下结论:(1)HJ-1ACCD和TM反射率数据的拟合系数R2在0.7322和0.9205左右,在反射率较小时,两种传感器数据一致性较好;随着反射率增大,HJ-1ACCD数值逐渐高于TM。总体而言,在可见光和近红外波段,两种传感器较为接近,其中红波段最接近。(2)两种传感器的NDVI数据一致性非常高,且受传感器天顶角和光谱响应函数影响作用较小(相对误差约为0.34%—0.53%),而反射率的相对差别在3.34%—9.54%。(3)传感器天顶角较光谱响应函数对反射率影响更大。(4)基于HJ-1ACCD反射率数据估算草地LAI和鲜生物量效果较好,其中以CCD2传感器估算效果最好。 相似文献
7.
It is very important to know the spectral characteristics for the sake of understanding the remote sensing data. The reflectance characteristics of paddy field canopies vary with time or observational conditions (solar zenith angle, solar azimuth angle, and view zenith angle). A number of field studies have clarified the effects of these conditions on grain canopy reflectance. Most of the field data used in these study, however, were conducted only through the growing season in one year or by grains planted in pots. A series of authors’ experiments were initiated in 1982 and continued from the spring to the autumn every year to 1987. In this study we describe that the remotely sensed spectral data measured on the ground are influenced not only by the grain type, observational conditions, and growing season but also by the solar zenith angle, solar azimuth angle and view zenith angle in relation to scene. In this paper we report the results from the investigation of these various fundamental properties. 相似文献
8.
随着热点卫星Triana的即将发射，地表热点季相和日相变化的研究变得日益重要。以几种植被冠层为例，采用计算机模拟的方法考查冠层热点的季相和日相变化。 相似文献
9.
Elizabeth J. Botha Brigitte Leblon Bernie Zebarth James Watmough 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2007,9(4):360-374
Optimizing nitrogen (N) fertilization in crop production by in-season measurements of crop N status may improve fertilizer N use efficiency. Hyperspectral measurements may be used to assess crop N status by estimating leaf chlorophyll content. This study evaluated the ability of the PROSAIL canopy-level reflectance model to predict leaf chlorophyll content. Trials were conducted with two potato cultivars under different N fertility rates (0–300 kg N ha−1). Canopy reflectance, leaf area index (LAI) and leaf chlorophyll and N contents were measured. The PROSAIL model was able to predict leaf chlorophyll content with reasonable accuracy later in the growing season. The low estimation accuracy earlier in the growing season could be due to model sensitivity to non-homogenous canopy architecture and soil background interference before full canopy closure. Canopy chlorophyll content (leaf chlorophyll content × LAI) was predicted less accurately than leaf chlrophyll content due to the low estimation accuracy of LAI for values higher than 4.5. 相似文献
10.
一个植被双向反射模式的反演控制试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用地面遥感观测数据,对一个浑浊介质假定下的植被双向反射模式,增加了对太阳漫射辐射因素处理,在可见光波段上,进行了系列模式反演试验。这些试验有助于完善植被双向反射模式中物理过程的描述,了解模式反演过程的控制和选择合适遥感观测数据进行模式反演。分析试验结果发现：（１） 对 Ｌ Ａ Ｉ进行初值预估有利于获得较好的植被双向反射模式反演结果。（２） 加入植被对太阳漫射辐射的反射过程描述,可以使植被双向反射模式的反演结果更加合理。（３） 使用在太阳天顶角不太大（ ＜ ４５°） 和太阳方位角偏离１８０°不多（ ＜ ４５°） 观测条件下得到的遥感数据,可以使植被双向反射模式的反演结果较好。（４） 在３１°—６１°的太阳天顶角范围和１３６°—２５８°的太阳方位角范围内,多角度观测使太阳天顶角和方位角因素对 Ｌ Ａ Ｉ反演结果的影响不显著。（５） 当太阳漫射辐射的份额不大时,对 Ｌ Ａ Ｉ反演结果的影响不显著。如果只针对 Ｌ Ａ Ｉ,那么对反演植被双向反射模式所应用的地面遥感数据可以不进行大气校正处理,这样的结果虽然是从对地面遥感数据的处理中获得的,仍然对卫星遥感的观测时段选择和卫星遥感数据的选取和分析有一定的价值。 相似文献
11.
多角度遥感观测是研究植被冠层BRDF (Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function)特性的重要手段,但目前对森林冠层进行连续间隔采样的多角度遥感观测及数据较少,热点方向的观测尤为缺乏。本研究基于无人机多角度高光谱成像系统,在主平面上对针叶林冠层以等角度连续间隔采样进行多角度观测,获取了主平面上多角度(包括热点和暗点)高光谱影像,并将观测结果与四尺度几何光学模型模拟结果进行对比分析。多角度观测获取的植被冠层反射率呈现出典型的植被方向反射特征,后向大部分角度观测的冠层反射率高于前向,在热点处出现峰值,在暗点附近方向出现最低值,观测天顶角VZA (View Zenith Angle)较大时表现出明显的"碗边效应"。结果表明:(1)观测的针叶林冠层反射率及BRDF特性与四尺度模型模拟基本一致,但红光波段模拟的热点反射率稍低于观测,前向观测VZA较大时模拟与观测结果差异稍大;(2)冠层结构及叶片光学特性的差异会导致观测到的BRDF特征不同;(3)观测的针叶林冠层BRDF呈现明显的光谱效应,不同波段呈现的各向异性特性不同,红光波段各向异性最强,近红外波段最弱;(4) BRDF的光谱效应差异导致观测到的植被指数也表现出各向异性,NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)、PRI (Photochemical Reflectance Index)和MTCI(MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll Index)在热点方向最低,EVI (Enhanced Vegetation Index)在热点方向最高。本研究中无人机多角度成像观测提供的角度和高光谱信息,尤其是热点和暗点信息,在地物识别及分类、植被冠层结构反演及碳循环关键参数获取等研究方面具有较好的应用前景,在其它地物反射或热辐射等方向性特性研究中也具有较大的潜力。 相似文献
12.
Roshanak Darvishzadeh Andrew Skidmore Clement Atzberger Sip van Wieren 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2008
The retrieval of canopy biophysical variables is known to be affected by confounding factors such as plant type and background reflectance. The effects of soil type and plant architecture on the retrieval of vegetation leaf area index (LAI) from hyperspectral data were assessed in this study. In situ measurements of LAI were related to reflectances in the red and near-infrared and also to five widely used spectral vegetation indices (VIs). The study confirmed that the spectral contrast between leaves and soil background determines the strength of the LAI–reflectance relationship. It was shown that within a given vegetation species, the optimum spectral regions for LAI estimation were similar across the investigated VIs, indicating that the various VIs are basically summarizing the same spectral information for a given vegetation species. Cross-validated results revealed that, narrow-band PVI was less influenced by soil background effects (0.15 ≤ RMSEcv ≤ 0.56). The results suggest that, when using remote sensing VIs for LAI estimation, not only is the choice of VI of importance but also prior knowledge of plant architecture and soil background. Hence, some kind of landscape stratification is required before using hyperspectral imagery for large-scale mapping of vegetation biophysical variables. 相似文献
13.
14.
Because of the pointing capability of the Hyperion/Earth Observing-One (EO-1) to improve the revisit time of the scene, temporal series of narrowband vegetation indices (VIs) can be generated to study the phenology of the Amazonian tropical forests. In this study, 10 selected narrowband VIs calculated from Hyperion nadir and off-nadir data and from different view directions (forward scattering and backscattering) were analyzed for their sensitivity to view-illumination effects along the dry season on the Seasonal Semi-deciduous Forest. Data analysis was also supported by PROSAIL modeling to simulate the spectral response of this forest type in both directions. Hyperion and PROSAIL results showed that the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) were the two more anisotropic VIs, whereas the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Structure Insensitive Pigment Index (SIPI) and the Vogelmann Red Edge Index (VOG) were comparatively less sensitive to view-illumination effects. When compared to the other VIs and because of the greater dependence on the near-infrared (NIR) reflectance, EVI showed a different spectral behavior. EVI increased from forward scattering to backscattering and with decreasing solar zenith angle (SZA) towards the end of the local dry season, due to reduction in shading and enhancement of the illumination effects. On the other hand, PRI was higher with increasing shading in the forward scattering direction, as deduced from the PROSAIL simulation. Results emphasized the importance of taking into account bidirectional effects when analyzing temporal series of VIs collected over tropical forests by imaging spectrometers with pointing capability or even by multispectral sensors with large field-of-view (FOV). 相似文献
15.
Mariano García F. Mark Danson David Riaño Emilio Chuvieco F. Alberto Ramirez Vishal Bandugula 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
This paper evaluates the potential of a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) to characterize forest canopy fuel characteristics at plot level. Several canopy properties, namely canopy height, canopy cover, canopy base height and fuel strata gap were estimated. Different approaches were tested to avoid the effect of canopy shadowing on canopy height estimation caused by deployment of the TLS below the canopy. Estimation of canopy height using a grid approach provided a coefficient of determination of R2 = 0.81 and an RMSE of 2.47 m. A similar RMSE was obtained using the 99th percentile of the height distribution of the highest points, representing the 1% of the data, although the coefficient of determination was lower (R2 = 0.70). Canopy cover (CC) was estimated as a function of the occupied cells of a grid superimposed upon the TLS point clouds. It was found that CC estimates were dependent on the cell size selected, with 3 cm being the optimum resolution for this study. The effect of the zenith view angle on CC estimates was also analyzed. A simple method was developed to estimate canopy base height from the vegetation vertical profiles derived from an occupied/non-occupied voxels approach. Canopy base height was estimated with an RMSE of 3.09 m and an R2 = 0.86. Terrestrial laser scanning also provides a unique opportunity to estimate the fuel strata gap (FSG), which has not been previously derived from remotely sensed data. The FSG was also derived from the vegetation vertical profile with an RMSE of 1.53 m and an R2 = 0.87. 相似文献
16.
利用POLDER数据验证MODIS BRDF模型参数产品及Ross-Li模型 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
将MODIS BRDF模型参数产品(MCD43A1)模拟的近红外波段反射率与从POLDER-3/PARASOL BRDF全球数据集中筛选的9961个像元的BRDF观测数据进行对比,验证了MCD43A1所采用的RossThick-LiSparseR BRDF 模型(Ross-Li模型)拟合二向反射的能力。结果表明,Ross-Li模型总体上可以有效地模拟地物的二向反射,所有像元的近红外波段反射率模拟值与POLDER-3观测数据之间的R2达到0.943,RMSE为0.016,模拟反射率比POLDER-3数据总体偏低5.2%。但Ross-Li模型明显低估了热点反射率,热点模拟结果比POLDER-3数据平均偏低14%,模拟值的R2为0.824,RMSE为0.07。热点反射率模拟误差与地表覆盖类型有关,针叶林热点反射率模拟值偏低最严重,其次是阔叶林、草地与农田,灌木与裸地热点反射率模拟值偏低相对较小。通过修正Ross-Li模型中的体散射核,可以明显改善热点反射率的模拟效果(R2＝0.839,RMSE＝0.043)。Ross-Li模型对天底、暗点等特征方向反射率的模拟较为准确。Ross-Li模型的模拟精度随太阳天顶角和观测天顶角的增大而降低。对于农田与草地而言,Ross-Li模型的模拟精度随NDVI的增加而降低;但在森林与灌木覆盖条件下,当NDVI约为0.5时,Ross-Li模型的模拟效果最差。 相似文献
17.
卫星遥感大气订正的参数化模式及其模拟应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
发展了一个用于卫星大气订正的参数化模式,包括一个新的程辐射亮度模式和一个参数化的朗伯地表一大气辐射耦合引起的亮度增量模式.应用最小二乘法,程辐射亮度被参数化为大气总光学厚度、一次散射反照率、太阳天顶角、视天顶角、方位角、大气不对称因子的函数.应用这一参数化的亮度模式进行大气订正应用的数值模拟,即进行卫星遥感地表光谱反照率的模拟试验.数值检验结果表明对于865 nm,670nm,550nm和412nm 4个MODIS通道,在0°-70°的太阳天顶角、0°-60°视观测角以及0.05-0.8的地表反照率条件下,参数化的向上辐射亮度的标准差小于4%,由该参数化亮度模式引起的地表反照率解的标准差小于0.03. 相似文献
18.
A simulation study has been carried out to investigate the Principal Component Inversion (PCI) technique for the retrieval of leaf area index (LAI). The PROSAIL model has been used for the forward analysis, i.e., estimation of reflectance for various combinations of LAI, soil reflectance, leaf angle distribution (ø1), chlorophyll a+b concentration (Cab), etc. Independent test on sample with LAI range 0.1-7.0 indicated that the retrieved LAI from PCI has higher accuracy (RMSE=0.137) than the classical NDVI-LAI empirical approach (RMSE=1.139). The study needs to be extended to cover retrieval from different types of soil and simultaneous retrieval of different biophysical parameters viz., LAI, Cab, ø1 to test the wider applicability of the PCI technique. 相似文献
19.
G.F. Epema 《国际地球制图》2013,28(4):33-39
In an area in southern Tunisia diurnal trends of bare soil surfaces have been investigated. The study area comprises two main parts: the footslopes and the playas. The diurnal variation of the bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) in nadir direction on the footslopes is dominated by the effect of roughness. Maximum BRF is found with small solar zenith angles due to decrease in shadow related to surface roughness. For Landsat overpass it implies that the normal ground reflectance for a bare surface on the footslopes at identical surface conditions is up to 10% lower in December (solar zenith angle 63 degrees) than in June (28 degrees). Band ratios on the footslopes hardly change with variation of zenith angle. The diurnal variation in the playas is dominated by moisture. Asymmetric daily curves, with the lowest reflectance in the morning have been found. Four phenomena are reported which can be held responsible for this effect. This daily effect of moisture is weather dependent and may obscure long time changes of TM signal. In band ratios even with TM band 7 the diurnal moisture change can hardly be detected. 相似文献
20.
Mingchang Wang Xuefeng Niu Qian Yang Shengbo Chen Guodong Yang Fengyan Wang 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(1):1-8
Hyper spectral remote sensing is widely used to identify ground objects as a result of the advantages of ground radiation intensity characteristics and spectral position characteristics, in which inversion of vegetation components is the difficult point and hotspot. In this study, Huma county of Heilongjiang Province was selected as the study area, the canopy spectra of four types of typical vegetation were measured in situ firstly, including mongolian oak, cotton grass, lespedeza and white birch. Then, on the basis of analyzing the canopy spectral characteristics and their parameterization, the spectral differences of different vegetations were located, and the parameterization method of characteristics identification was determined. Finally, Hyperion data were used to calculate the canopy albedos based on the bidirectional reflectance model of vegetation canopies, and to map the vegetation components in the study area by use of linear spectral mixture model. The results showed that inversion of vegetation components in high vegetation-covered area was accurate using the canopy albedos and liner spectral mixture model, and was identical with the field sampling, which validated the feasibility of canopy albedos and liner spectral mixture model for the inversion of vegetation components. 相似文献