共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
利用遥感技术对大气环境污染进行监测时，云是影响痕量气体反演精度的重要因素，因此在痕量气体反演中需要对云的影响进行校正，通常使用的云参数主要是有效云量和云压。本文基于O2-O2 477 nm吸收波段构建了O2-O2云反演算法：首先，根据有效云量和云高与连续反射率和O2-O2斜柱浓度之间的对应关系，结合假定的云模型利用VLIDORT辐射传输模型建立关于有效云量和云压的查找表；然后，通过差分吸收光谱技术拟合卫星载荷观测的大气层顶辐射，获得O2-O2斜柱浓度并计算连续反射率；最后，结合辅助数据，根据查找表进行插值反演获得有效云量和云压。通过将算法应用到OMI观测数据，将反演结果与OMCLDO2产品进行对比验证，有效云量和云压空间分布一致，相关系数R均超过0.97；并还将该算法应用于下一代大气成分监测仪器TROPOMI，与FRESCO+产品对比，有效云量和云压空间分布基本一致，当地表类型为海洋时，有效云量相关系数R大于0.97，云压相关系数R大于0.94，云压反演结果存在一定的区别；通过将O2-O2云反演算法和FRESCO+云压反演结果与CALIOP Cloud Layer产品进行对比，结果表明，在低云情况下，O2-O2云反演算法线性回归方程斜率为0.782，截距为198.0 hPa，相关系数R为0.850，算法表现优于FRESCO+。而在高云情况下，FRESCO+反演结果更接近CALIOP云压结果。在OMI和TROPOMI上的应用表明O2-O2云反演算法在大气云反演中具有较高的准确性和可行性，可以为大气痕量气体反演的校正提供云参数，并为中国同类型卫星载荷的云反演算法提供算法参考。 相似文献
2.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(2):122-133
Abstract Upwelling favourable winds along the Indian coasts were studied using a high-resolution (9 km grid) atmospheric mesoscale model (MM5) reanalysis from 1 to 5 June 2006, off the west coast of India and from 5 to 10 December 2005, off the east coast of India. Model winds are verified with satellite winds at two areas. Model wind hind-casts from the above periods reveal narrow bands (about 10×50 km) of strong winds to the coast and adjacent to the major coastal promontories. These bands, which are sub-grid scale in operational models, were capable of generating local upwelling greater than 10 m/s. Both the mean and spatial components of the model alongshore wind increase by a factor of 3 to 4 from the south to the north along the west coast, and by a factor of 2 to 3 from the north to the south along the east coast of India. Wind field increases will drive enhanced ocean upwelling along the west coast of India, and the new hypothesis suggests that the variations in local wind may contribute to the coastal upwelling in this region. 相似文献
3.
基于先进的微波扫描辐射计AMSR-E/2观测的辐射值,利用-维变分算法(1D-Var)反演各类水成物(云水、雨水和云冰)的垂直廓线,并对其反演结果进行检验。以2014年8月台风"夏浪"为例,分两步对变分反演的云微物理参数进行了检验。首先,将反演的各类水成物含量补充到辐射传输模式的输入场,观测算子模拟的AMSR-2各通道亮温与实况观测相比非常接近,可以很好地模拟出台风外形、强度及螺旋结构。其次,将反演的水成物廓线与载在Cloud Sat上的云雷达CPR同时段观测的雷达反射率因子进行对比,发现反演出的云水、雨水含量大值区与毫米波云雷达观测的雷达反射率因子高值区一一对应,进一步说明1D-Var反演的水成物参数精度很高。然而,由于星载AMSR-E/2观测通道少且空间分辨率低,对尺度较小、较薄的云不敏感,同时对云层较厚的密闭云区和多层云区反演能力也有限。 相似文献
4.
针对ACCA（云量自动评估）算法难以检测Landsat图像中的半透明云问题,提出了一种ACCA和WSVM（加权支持向量机）相结合的云检测算法．首先根据云在不同波段中的大气辐射特点,结合Landsat ETM+图像数据的光谱特性,利用ACCA算法将图像像元初步分成云像元、非云像元和待定像元,再以云的光谱特性构造特征向量,利用WSVM算法进行待定像元的云层检测,最终获得全部图像的云检测结果．仿真实验结果表明,该方法既具有ACCA算法的云检测优势,还对ACCA算法难以识别的半透明云有很好的检测效果． 相似文献
5.
在卫星海洋遥感中,云作为海气耦合系统最重要的调节器之一,其检测结果对海洋上空云微物理特性的反演精度有较大影响。因此,快速而准确识别海洋上空的云像元是卫星遥感数据处理过程中首要解决的关键问题。以PARASOL (Polarization and Anisotropy of Reflectances for Atmospheric Sciences coupled with Observations from a Lidar)卫星搭载的POLDER3载荷遥感数据为研究对象,提出一种改进的海洋上空云检测方法。首先剔除海洋耀光;接着利用有云与晴空区近红外反射率差异检验识别有云像元,并利用偏振反射率检验进一步识别低反射率的云像元;然后利用近红外与可见光反射率比值检验识别晴空像元;最后建立多角度云检测结果空间融合规则,重新标记有云、晴空和未定像元。以印度洋海区为例进行实验分析,将云检测结果与Buriez方法进行对比,发现检测精度基本相当,而有云像元的识别速度却平均提高约3倍。结果表明:该方法能有效的检测出海洋上空的云像元,满足业务化数据处理的高精度及时效性要求,为后续云微物理特性反演提供可靠的数据源。 相似文献
6.
高分辨率数据中云高度的差异性突显,特别是边缘处高度在云阴影识别和地表辐射估算等方面成为需要考虑的重要因素。热红外数据获取云高度分辨率较低、缺乏细部差异性特征,为解决这一问题,首先将对应的热红外和可见光数据进行特征点配准,再将基于热红外数据计算的云高度重采样至高分辨率,然后以基于欧式距离变换的围线搜索方法及距离加权将热红外云边缘高度匹配至对应的可见光图像,最后根据云阴影的相似度匹配方法确定真实云高度。结果表明,算法在遵循热红外云高信息分布变化规律的同时,可以得到较准确的高分辨率云边缘高度,一定程度上解决了热红外技术获取云高在分辨率上的局限,扩展了其在云高反演方面的作用。 相似文献
7.
ICESat-2机载试验点云滤波及植被高度反演 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新一代星载激光雷达卫星ICESat-2将采用多波束微脉冲光子计数技术,并进行高程剖面式的对地观测。由于该点云数据具有背景噪声大、密度低并呈线状分布等特点,传统的点云滤波算法并不适用,研究新的点云滤波算法十分必要。本文以ICESat-2的机载模拟器MABEL数据为例,首先介绍了微脉冲光子计数激光雷达的基本原理和数据特点,并针对高程剖面点云提出基于局部距离统计和最小二乘局部曲线拟合的点云滤波算法;然后,对美国加利福尼亚州Sierras-Forest地区MABEL试验中532 nm通道的光子点云进行滤波处理,并利用识别的地面点插值得到3 m分辨率的线状DEM,进而估算了该区域美国云杉的平均树高;最后,对该滤波算法进行精度评价,并分析了误差来源及其对DEM精度和树高反演精度的影响。结果表明:(1)该算法整体精度达97.6%,能有效剔除绝大部分噪声点且对地形起伏具有较强的自适应能力;(2)误分噪声点影响了滤波过程中局部地形的拟合,而滤波过程中的分类误差将降低DEM和树高反演的精度。 相似文献
8.
以浙江省海宁市4种代表行道树(广玉兰、无患子、悬铃木、香樟树)为研究对象,结合无人机(UAV)影像和三维激光扫描数据,利用ContextCapture、LiDAR360软件完成点云拼接、滤波、降噪和编辑,通过迭代最近点算法实现点云精细匹配,完成多平台点云数据融合,进而得到数字表面模型与数字高程模型,并制作冠层高度模型;采用分水岭分割算法对不同行道树树种的冠层高度模型进行单木分割,并综合局部最大值法实现单木树高、冠幅的参数提取。结果表明,本文方法进行行道树单木分割的精度高,树高、冠幅参数提取值的效果好,满足行道树几何参数调查要求。 相似文献
9.
Guang Guo Qiang Ji Ping Yang Si-Chee Tsay 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2005,2(2):132-135
The ground-based infrared radiance measurements acquired on July 14, 20, and 28, 2002 during the Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers Florida Area Cirrus Experiment (CRYSTAL-FACE) campaign have been used for simultaneously retrieving the optical thickness and effective particle size on the basis of the retrieval algorithm reported in the preceding counterpart of this paper. The corresponding ice water path is derived from the retrieved optical thickness and effective particle size. Specifically, the data used for the retrieval include: 1) the infrared radiance spectrum observed by an atmospheric emitted radiance interferometer at the surface; 2) the sky condition and cloud height determined from a sky imager and a micropulse lidar; and 3) the sounding data for the profiles of temperature, pressure, and relative humidity. For these three case studies, the retrieved cirrus optical thickness, effective particle size, and ice water path are in the range of 0.2-1.5, 18-42 /spl mu/m, and 2-15 g /spl middot/ m/sup -2/, respectively. Furthermore, error analyses show that the retrieval uncertainties of the optical thickness and effective particle size are less than 15% if the uncertainty of water vapor vertical profile is within 5%. The retrieval errors are within 10% if the uncertainty of cloud temperature is within 7 K. 相似文献
10.
Gary R. Watmough Peter M. Atkinson Craig W. Hutton 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
The automated cloud cover assessment (ACCA) algorithm has provided automated estimates of cloud cover for the Landsat ETM+ mission since 2001. However, due to the lack of a band around 1.375 μm, cloud edges and transparent clouds such as cirrus cannot be detected. Use of Landsat ETM+ imagery for terrestrial land analysis is further hampered by the relatively long revisit period due to a nadir only viewing sensor. In this study, the ACCA threshold parameters were altered to minimise omission errors in the cloud masks. Object-based analysis was used to reduce the commission errors from the extended cloud filters. The method resulted in the removal of optically thin cirrus cloud and cloud edges which are often missed by other methods in sub-tropical areas. Although not fully automated, the principles of the method developed here provide an opportunity for using otherwise sub-optimal or completely unusable Landsat ETM+ imagery for operational applications. Where specific images are required for particular research goals the method can be used to remove cloud and transparent cloud helping to reduce bias in subsequent land cover classifications. 相似文献
11.
针对云检测在高亮度地表以及雪覆盖区域存在过度检测的问题,设计了一种不依赖热红外波段的增强型多时相云检测EMTCD(Enhanced Multiple Temporal Cloud Detection)算法。首先,利用云的光谱特征建立单时相云检测规则,并基于云、雪的光谱差异构建了增强型云指数ECI(Enhanced Cloud Index),改进了云、雪的区分能力;其次,以同一区域无云影像为参考,基于ECI指数构建了多时相云检测算法,较好地克服了单时相云检测中高亮度地表、雪和云容易混淆的问题,提高了云检测的精度;最后,选择两个典型区域的Landsat-8 OLI影像,对比分析了不同算法的云检测结果。实验结果表明:ECI指数能够有效区分云、雪,EMTCD方法的平均检测精度达到93.2%,高于Fmask(Function of mask)(81.85%)、MTCD(Multi-Temporal Cloud Detection)(66.14%)和Landsat-8地表反射率产品LaSRC(Landsat-8 Surface Reflectance Code)的云检测结果(86.3%)。因此,本文提出的EMTCD云检测算法能够有效地减少高亮度地表和雪的干扰,实现不依赖热红外波段的高精度云检测。 相似文献
12.
The letter is devoted to the introduction of a new technique to derive the cloud bottom height (CBH) from satellite measurements of the cloud reflectance in the oxygen A-band. The information on the cloud top height needed in the retrieval of the CBH must be obtained from separate measurements to insure small biases in the retrieved CBH. Such measurements can be performed by a space-based lidar. 相似文献
13.
FY-2E红外通道晴空沙尘区时间差分法导风研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用大气红外辐射传输模式,结合FY-2E静止卫星红外窗区光谱响应函数,模拟计算了标准大气环境下0-5 km各高度层气溶胶消光系数增量为50%和30%两种情况下对FY-2E红外1通道亮温增量的贡献。定量分析了春季气溶胶消光系数对亮温增量的影响以及主要影响高度。结合FY-2E红外1通道灵敏度,提出了可用于红外通道晴空沙尘气溶胶微弱示踪信号移动追踪的"时间差分法"。理论模拟计算和实例分析表明,在一定条件下,"时间差分法"追踪红外通道晴空沙尘气溶胶微弱示踪信号的移动,可以获得传统云导风所无法得到的干旱半干旱沙尘爆发区的风场信息,且反演得到的风场与美国国家环境预报中心NCEP再分析资料850 hPa风场有着很好的一致性。 相似文献
14.
Zhien Wang 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2007,4(4):591-595
Traditional two-channel microwave radiometers (MWRs) are widely used to measure cloud liquid water path (LWP); however, the retrieved LWPs are subject to relatively large uncertainties, particularly for low LWP clouds. By reformulating the statistical retrieval method with clear-sky measurements as a reference, a simple method is presented to significantly reduce uncertainties in the LWP retrieval due to errors in MWR calibration, uncertainties in the absorption coefficients of atmospheric gases, and variations in the vertical profiles of temperature and pressure. The improvement is illustrated by comparing the statistics of the erroneous clear-sky LWP for the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program Climate Research Facility observations at the North Slope of Alaska site and by comparing LWP retrieved with a multiple-sensor algorithm and LWP retrieved based mainly on MWR measurements. This letter also demonstrates the importance of using correct water cloud temperature and temperature-dependent water absorption coefficients for MWR LWP retrieval over cold regions. This approach can be easily implemented for combined MWR, ceilometer, and surface meteorological measurements. 相似文献
15.
16.
Indian geostationary satellite Kalpana-1 (K1) offers a potential to capture the diurnal cycle of land surface temperature (LST) through thermal infrared channel (10.5–12.5 μm) observations of the Very High Resolution Radiometer (VHRR) sensor. A study was carried out to retrieve LST by adapting a generalized single-channel (SC) algorithm (Jiménez-Muñoz and Sobrino, 2003) for the VHRR sensor over India. The basis of SC algorithm depends on the concept of Atmospheric Functions (AFs) that are dependent on transmissivity, upwelling and downwelling radiances of the atmosphere. In the present study AFs were computed for the VHRR sensor through the MODTRAN simulations based upon varying atmospheric and surface inputs. The AFs were fitted with the atmospheric columnar water vapour content and a set of coefficients was derived for LST retrieval. The K1-LST derived with the SC algorithm was validated with (a) in situ measurements at two sites located in western parts of India and (b) the MODIS LST products. Comparison of K1-LST with the in situ measurements demonstrated that SC algorithm was successful in capturing the prominent diurnal variations of 283–332 K in the LST at desert and agriculture experimental sites with a rmse of 1.6 K and 2.7 K, respectively. Inter comparison of K1-LST and MODIS LST showed a reasonable agreement between these two retrievals up to LST of 300 K, however a cold bias up to 7.9 K was observed in MODIS LST for higher LST values (310–330 K) over the hot desert region. 相似文献
17.
气象卫星热红外通道能够探测到晴空区域内由大气水汽、沙尘气溶胶等物质含量分布不均所导致的微弱的纹理信息,通过追踪水汽和沙尘气溶胶纹理的移动可以反演出风场。然而这些信号很容易受地表温度变化的影响,需使用合适的算法来减弱地表温度干扰、提取微弱的示踪物信号。本文结合分裂窗差值理论,对使用分裂窗差值算法提取晴空区微弱示踪物信号进行数值模拟分析,并应用于晴空区风场的实例反演。数值模拟图像的结果显示,分裂窗差值算法可以削弱地表对示踪物信号的影响,突出水汽和沙尘气溶胶的分布特征,验证了分裂窗差值法的可行性与优越性。实例分析也表明,使用分裂窗差值图能够反演出单通道云图难以得到的晴空区低层风场,且反演结果与NCEP风场资料比较一致。 相似文献
18.
M. T. Bushair Satya Prakash Shashikant Patel R. M. Gairola 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2016,44(1):67-76
In this paper, Kalpana-1 derived INSAT Multispectral Rainfall Algorithm (IMSRA) rainfall estimates are compared with two multisatellite rainfall products namely, TRMM Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA)-3B42 and Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP), and India Meteorological Department (IMD) surface rain gauge (SRG)-based rainfall at meteorological sub-divisional scale over India. The performance of the summer monsoon rainfall of 2013 over Indian meteorological sub-divisions is assessed at different temporal scales. Comparison of daily accumulated rainfall over India from IMSRA shows a linear correlation of 0.72 with TMPA-3B42 and 0.70 with GSMaP estimates. IMSRA is capable to pick up daily rainfall variability over the monsoon trough region as compared to TMPA-3B42 and GSMaP products, but underestimates moderate to heavy rainfall events. Satellite-derived rainfall maps at meteorological sub-divisional scales are in reasonably good agreement with IMD-SRG based rainfall maps with some exceptions. However, IMSRA performs better than GSMaP product at meteorological sub-divisional scale and comparable with TMPA data. All the satellite-derived rainfall products underestimate orographic rainfall along the west coast, the Himalayan foothills and over the northeast India and overestimate rainfall over the southeast peninsular India. Overall results suggest that IMSRA estimates have potential for monsoon rainfall monitoring over the Indian meteorological sub-divisions and can be used for various hydro-meteorological applications. 相似文献
19.
The accuracy of vertical position information can be degraded by various sources of error in digital aerial photogrammetry (DAP) based point clouds. To address this issue, we propose a relatively straightforward method for automated correction of such point clouds. This method can be used in conjunction with any 3D reconstruction method in which a point cloud is generated from a pair of aerial images. The crux of the method involves separately co-registering each DAP point cloud (formed by the overlap of two or more images) to a common airborne laser scanning (ALS) based digital terrain model. The proposed method has the following essential steps: (1) Ground surface patches are identified in the normalized DAP point clouds by selecting areas in which standard deviation of vertical height is low, (2) height differences between the DAP and ALS point clouds are calculated at these patches, and (3) a correction surface is interpolated from these height differences and is then used to rectify the entire DAP point cloud. The performance of the proposed method is verified using plot data (n = 250) from a forested study area in Eastern Finland. We observed that DAP data from the area corrected using our proposed method resulted in significant increases in prediction accuracy of key forest variables. Specifically, the root mean squared error (RMSE) values for dominant height predictions decreased by up to 23.2%, while the associated model R2 values increased by 16.9%. As for stem volume, RMSEs dropped by 20.6%, while the model R2 improved by 14.6%, respectively. Hence, prediction accuracies were almost as good as with ALS data. The results suggest that vertically misaligned DAP data, if rectified using an algorithm such as the one presented here, could deliver near ALS data quality at a fraction of the cost. 相似文献
20.
地基激光雷达的玉兰林冠层叶面积密度反演 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
叶面积密度LAD(Leaf Area Density)是表征冠层内部叶面积垂直分布的重要参数,其分布廓线的准确反演对研究植被碳氮循环、初级生产力和生物量估算等具有重要意义。本文在电子科技大学校内建立实验样区,利用地基激光雷达Leica Scan Station C10和数码相机获取玉兰林高分辨率3维激光点云数据和真彩色影像。利用监督分类将真彩色影像中枝干等非光合组织与叶片分离,再将像素分类信息映射给点云数据,从而提取叶片点云。通过点云数据体元化,并引入2维凸包算法确定垂直方向分层树冠边界,获取激光接触冠层的频率;随机选择不同高度的多个叶片,利用特征值法进行叶片平面拟合,估算出叶倾角,并结合天顶角估算叶倾角校正因子;最后基于体元的冠层分析VCP(Voxel-based Canopy Profiling)方法实现树林冠层LAD反演。结果表明体元化的叶片点云数据能准确确定树林冠层边界和统计接触频率实现LAD反演;反演的LAD变化走势与区域林木冠层叶片垂直分布相吻合,在冠层中下部随着高度的增加叶面积密度也随之增加,在4 m高度处达到最大值1 m2/m3,之后随着高度的增加叶面积密度逐渐降低。根据LAD计算得到的累积叶面积指数LAI为3.20 m2/m2,与LAI-2200实测的叶面积指数相比,相对误差为1.26%。 相似文献