共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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连续运行参考站(CORS)系统在城市管理中的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
刘士宁 《测绘与空间地理信息》2009,32(5):6-8
连续运行参考站（Continuous Operating Reference Station,CORS）系统技术具有提供导航、定位、气象等数据服务的准确性和时效性,已经在测绘、气象、地震、海洋、国防、公安、交通等多个行业广泛应用,但是,如何建立一套统一、完整的应用服务管理体系,综合协调各行业和部门之间的资源共享,满足各行业对CORS系统精度要求,为城市管理和建设提供高效有力的保障,本文对此进行了探讨,并得出以下结论：CORS系统应由政府测绘行政主管部门牵头建设和统一管理维护,以城市基础地理信息中心为技术依托和服务运转枢纽,社会其他需求行业参与建设并负责管理本行业数据的应用及维护,通过市场运作保障CORS系统正常运行。 相似文献
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城市数字化和数字城市是现代化城市的发展趋势,空间数据基础设施是数字城市的基础,连续运行参考站系统是城市空间数据基础设施的重要组成部分。本文介绍了连续运行参考站系统(CORS),阐述了建立该系统的基本步骤和所具备的功能,重点论述了参考站系统建设中的关键技术。 相似文献
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具有实时定位服务功能的连续运行卫星定位服务系统(CORS)是当代GPS发展的热点之一,江苏省连续运行参考站网络是我国首批省级的连续运行的参考站网络系统。基准站分布设计是JSCORS整体设计与建设的一项重要内容,科学、合理地选择基准站址,有利于高质量、高稳定地发挥JSCORS的作用,其选址试验也为今后在其他地区建立CORS基准站提供了宝贵的工程经验。 相似文献
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全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)技术在大坝、桥梁、滑坡等形变监测领域应用广泛。针对传统监测方法需要架设基准站、导致监测成本增加的问题,提出一种基于虚拟参考站的GNSS变形监测方法,利用连续运行参考站(continuously operating reference stations,CORS)观测数据,生成虚拟参考站(virtual reference station,VRS)代替实体参考站,实现高精度变形监测。利用中国云南省屏边苗族自治县约30处滑坡监测点进行实验分析,结果表明,当CORS基准站间距小于40 km时,双差对流层和电离层延迟模型内插精度优于10 mm,利用观测时长大于8 h的数据,可以实现平面精度优于5 mm、高程精度优于10 mm的形变监测。 相似文献
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通过在35、110、220、500、800kV 5种不同电压等级的变电站开展全球卫星导航定位系统(GNSS)观测实验,从数据完整率、多路径、信噪比、观测值与周跳比4项指标对各测试站点的GNSS观测数据质量进行统计分析,研究不同电压等级下电磁环境对各GNSS系统观测数据质量的影响。结果表明:不同电压等级下电磁环境对各GNSS系统的观测数据质量无负影响,该结论为论证变电站建设GNSS连续运行参考站(CORS站)的可行性提供了一定的参考价值,促进了卫星导航定位技术在电力行业的应用。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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SVG是一种基于XML的用来描述二维矢量图形和矢量/栅格混合图形的标记语言,虽然SVG不是为了面向地理空间数据发布而制定的标准,但它的许多特性都能被广泛地应用到WebGIS中,从而实现矢量WebGIS。由于SVG通过简单的文本语句描述矢量图像,所以SVG通常数据量很小,并且SVG支持GZIP压缩,所以基于SVG构建WebGIS能减轻网络传输负载,加快地图显示速度。SVG内置了对JavaScript的支持,且SVG可通过DOM解析映像成内存中的树型结构,所以客户层可通过JavaScript对DOM的操作实现对地图的缩放、漫游、查询、图层控制等交互操作。 相似文献
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本文在讨论DDE技术的基础上，对MapInfo的DDE机制的实现作了探讨和分析。根据技园区域GIS的实际开发工作，介绍了利用DDE技术在MapInfo中成功地集成Foxpro和Autocad. 相似文献
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遥感技术在土地利用动态监测中的应用 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
金时华 《测绘与空间地理信息》2006,29(1):98-101
主要论述遥感技术在土地监测中的应用,以某地区土地利用动态遥感监测研究项目的运作过程为例进行阐述。首先介绍了土地利用动态监测的具体内容和技术路线。其次,对数据预处理与信息采集的方法与手段进行了探讨。最后,对作业的内、外业主要过程以及应提交的成果作了介绍。 相似文献
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地理数据库的关系模型及其实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。 相似文献
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Automatic 3D extraction of building roofs from remotely sensed data is important for many applications including city modelling. This paper proposes a new method for automatic 3D roof extraction through an effective integration of LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data and multispectral orthoimagery. Using the ground height from a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), the raw LIDAR points are separated into two groups. The first group contains the ground points that are exploited to constitute a ‘ground mask’. The second group contains the non-ground points which are segmented using an innovative image line guided segmentation technique to extract the roof planes. The image lines are extracted from the grey-scale version of the orthoimage and then classified into several classes such as ‘ground’, ‘tree’, ‘roof edge’ and ‘roof ridge’ using the ground mask and colour and texture information from the orthoimagery. During segmentation of the non-ground LIDAR points, the lines from the latter two classes are used as baselines to locate the nearby LIDAR points of the neighbouring planes. For each plane a robust seed region is thereby defined using the nearby non-ground LIDAR points of a baseline and this region is iteratively grown to extract the complete roof plane. Finally, a newly proposed rule-based procedure is applied to remove planes constructed on trees. Experimental results show that the proposed method can successfully remove vegetation and so offers high extraction rates. 相似文献
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遥感和GIS技术应用于伊拉克南部Basrah省土地利用/覆盖变化及城市扩张研究(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In recent years, land use/cover dynamic change has become a key subject that needs to be dealt with in the study of global
environmental change. In this paper, remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are integrated to monitor, map,
and quantify the land use/cover change in the southern part of Iraq (Basrah Province was taken as a case) by using a 1:250
000 mapping scale. Remote sensing and GIS software were used to classify Landsat TM in 1990 and Landsat ETM+ in 2003 imagery
into five land use and land cover (LULC) classes: vegetation, sand, urban area, unused land, and water bodies. Supervised
classification and normalized difference build-up index (NDBI) were used respectively to retrieve its urban boundary. An accuracy
assessment was performed on the 2003 LULC map to determine the reliability of the map. Finally, GIS software was used to quantify
and illustrate the various LULC conversions that took place over the 13-year span of time. Results showed that the urban area
had increased by the rate of 1.2% per year, with area expansion from 3 299.1 km2 in 1990 to 3 794.9 km2 in 2003. Large vegetation area in the north and southeast were converted into urban construction land. The land use/cover
changes of Basrah Province were mainly caused by rapid development of the urban economy and population immigration from the
countryside. In addition, the former government policy of “returning farmland to transportation and huge expansion in military
camps” was the major driving force for vegetation land change. The paper concludes that remote sensing and GIS can be used
to create LULC maps. It also notes that the maps generated can be used to delineate the changes that take place over time.
Supported by the Al-Basrah University, Iraq, the Geo-information Science and Technology Program (No. IRT 0438)China). 相似文献
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随着城市面貌日新月异,地下管网的建设也在持续推进,作为城市的地下“神经网络”,全天24 h保障城市的正常运转和发展。本文以实现城市管网管理系统的高可用、无插件、智能化为目标,采用“地上地下一体”“二三维一体”的设计理念,研究基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的关键技术,实现了管线设施管理的信息数字化、空间化与图形化。 相似文献
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We aim a better understanding of the effect of spring-time snow melt on the remotely sensed scene reflectance by using an extensive amount of optical spectral data obtained from an airborne hyperspectral campaign in Northern Finland. We investigate the behaviour of thin snow reflectance for different land cover types, such as open areas, boreal forests and treeless fells. Our results not only confirm the generally known fact that the reflectance of a melting thin snow layer is considerably lower than that of a thick snow layer, but we also present analyses of the reflectance variation over different land covers and in boreal forests as a function of canopy coverage. According to common knowledge, the highly variating reflectance spectra of partially transparent, most likely also contaminated thin snow pack weakens the performance of snow detection algorithms, in particular in the mapping of Fractional Snow Cover (FSC) during the end of the melting period. The obtained results directly support further development of the SCAmod algorithm for FSC retrieval, and can be likewise applied to develop other algorithms for optical satellite data (e.g. spectral unmixing methods), and to perform accuracy assessments for snow detection algorithms.A useful part of this work is the investigation of the competence of Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) in snow detection in late spring, since it is widely used in snow mapping. We conclude, based on the spectral data analysis, that the NDSI -based snow mapping is more accurate in open areas than in forests. However, at the very end of the snow melting period the behavior of the NDSI becomes more unstable and unpredictable in non-forests with shallow snow, increasing the inaccuracy also in non-forested areas. For instance in peatbogs covered by melting snow layer (snow depth < 30 cm) the mean NDSI -0.6 was observed, having coefficient of variation as high as 70%, whereas for deeper snow packs the mean NDSI shows positive values. 相似文献