共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 656 毫秒
1.
J. Dold 《The Photogrammetric Record》1998,16(92):199-212
In the past few years the automation of digital industrial photogrammetric systems has increased dramatically. Due to digital image processing software, coded targets and automatic matching methods, a huge number of photogrammetric measurement tasks can be fully automated. In many cases a "one button click" is enough to provide the three dimensional co-ordinates of measured points without any manual interaction, immediately after acquiring the images. The technology of intelligent cameras is a logical step towards automated photogrammetric measurements. An intelligent camera, which has an integrated computer, analyses the image immediately after it is taken. This technology provides not only a much shorter processing time for the images but also more control over the measurement process just when it is needed, during image acquisition. This takes place in the form of real time feedback.
This paper describes the role of a digital intelligent camera in the automation of an industrial photogrammetric measurement system and gives an overview of existing automation techniques in industrial photogrammetry. As an example of an intelligent camera, the performance of the new INCA digital intelligent camera, developed and manufactured by Geodetic Services, Inc. (GSI) and distributed by Leica, is described. 相似文献
This paper describes the role of a digital intelligent camera in the automation of an industrial photogrammetric measurement system and gives an overview of existing automation techniques in industrial photogrammetry. As an example of an intelligent camera, the performance of the new INCA digital intelligent camera, developed and manufactured by Geodetic Services, Inc. (GSI) and distributed by Leica, is described. 相似文献
2.
Full automation in close-range photogrammetric measurement has long been a practical reality. However, constraints apply to the process such that automated 3D measurement is generally confined to targeted points in an environment of controlled illumination. The ready availability of consumer-grade digital cameras has made photogrammetric measurement accessible and more widely employed for a host of new applications, the majority of which call for 3D measurement of other than signalized object features. Process automation is therefore typically precluded. This paper discusses a hybrid measurement approach which involves fully automatic network orientation with targets, while at the same time supporting follow-up semi-automatic and manual operations such as feature point and line extraction and surface measurement via image matching. The topics discussed include camera calibration, the metric exploitation of colour attributes, issues related to image point correspondence determination, operator assisted feature measurement and surface extraction. All are important to the practical realisation of the hybrid measurement approach. 相似文献
3.
建筑物作为三维模型的主体,其矢量化主要依赖人工勾画,虽有采用深度学习等方法进行建筑物提取的研究,但依然需要标注大量样本。针对上述问题,本文以天津市典型区域为试验区,提出一种融合高度和光谱信息的倾斜摄影数据建筑物自动提取方法。首先,通过高度初始分割、植被信息滤除、形态学后处理等,逐步优化建筑物提取结果,实现建筑物信息的自动提取,建筑物的总体识别精度达到94%。然后,通过对建筑物轮廓进行矢量化和规则化,在地理信息平台中实现了建筑物的对象化查询,拓展了实景三维模型的应用深度。 相似文献
4.
谈大数据时代的“云控制”摄影测量 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
在当今大数据时代,影像数据采集方式的多样化、高效化、便捷化产生的摄影测量影像大数据需要高效、自动与智能的处理。然而,作为传统摄影测量几何定位主要控制数据的外业控制点,其获取的复杂性与低效性仍然是制约摄影测量处理效率的关键因素。针对该问题,本文提出了"云控制"摄影测量的概念,以带有地理空间信息的数据作为几何控制替代外业控制点,通过自动匹配(或配准)获取大量密集的控制信息;并介绍了基于影像、矢量和LiDAR点云的3种"云控制"摄影测量技术;最后对"云控制"摄影测量的应用前景进行了展望并对其问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
5.
This paper presents a fully automatic framework to extract building footprints from a Digital Surface Model (DSM). The proposed approach may be decomposed in two steps, each of them relying on a global optimization solver. The first step aims to extract rectangular building footprints directly from the DSM using a Marked Point Process (MPP) of rectangles. We introduce an energy that prevents overlapping rectangles and aligns rectangle edges with DSM discontinuities. This energy is then embedded in a RJMCMC sampler coupled with a simulated annealing to find its global optimum. Then, the second step of our framework refines these extracted rectangles into polygonal building footprints. We first create an arrangement of line segments supporting the rectangle edges. The dual graph of this arrangement is then considered in a maximum flow optimization scheme to remove edges in the arrangement which do not correspond to building edges in the DSM. Finally, 3D results illustrate a fully automatic process to build a 3D city model from a DSM only. 相似文献
6.
7.
Object-based image analysis (OBIA) has been a new area of research in satellite image processing applications, since it improves the quality of information acquisition about geospatial objects and also enables to add spatial and contextual information to the objects of interest. The extraction of buildings from High Resolution Satellite (HRS) image in an urban scenario has been an intricate problem due to their different size, shape, varying rooftop textures and low contrast between building and surrounding region. In this study, a new object-based automatic building extraction technique has been proposed to extract building footprints from HRS pan sharpened IKONOS multispectral image. The study is mainly emphasizing on obtaining optimal values for segmentation parameters, shape parameters, and defining rule set to extract buildings and eliminate misclassified other urban features. The suitability of the technique has been judged using different indicators, such as, completeness, correctness and quality. 相似文献
8.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(11):1077-1097
ABSTRACTThis paper presents an approach to process raw unmanned aircraft vehicle (UAV) image-derived point clouds for automatically detecting, segmenting and regularizing buildings of complex urban landscapes. For regularizing, we mean the extraction of the building footprints with precise position and details. In the first step, vegetation points were extracted using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier based on vegetation indexes calculated from color information, then the traditional hierarchical stripping classification method was applied to classify and segment individual buildings. In the second step, we first determined the building boundary points with a modified convex hull algorithm. Then, we further segmented these points such that each point was assigned to a fitting line using a line growing algorithm. Then, two mutually perpendicular directions of each individual building were determined through a W-k-means clustering algorithm which used the slop information and principal direction constraints. Eventually, the building edges were regularized to form the final building footprints. Qualitative and quantitative measures were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach by comparing the digitized results from ortho images. 相似文献
9.
TAO Chuang LIN ZongjianTAO Chuang Doctoral Candidate School of Information Engineering WTUSM Wuhan China 《地球空间信息科学学报》1998,(1)
We are involved in an embarrassing situation that the limited capa-bility of automated feature extraction in digital photogrammetric systems cannotsatisfy the increasing needs for rapid acquisition of semantic information for appli-cations.Facing this challenge,a new tactic,Human-Computer Collaborative（HCC）tactic,and a corresponding new method,Operator-Object Directed（OOD）method,are proposed for the design of a system for feature extractionfrom large scale aerial images.We hold that in almost all technical complex sys-tems,full automation will be neither technically feasible nor socially acceptable.The system should be designed to optimize through the cooperative operation withtwo agents in the system:the human and the computer. 相似文献
10.
以车载激光扫描点云数据为研究对象,提出一种由粗到细且快速获取点云中建筑物3维位置边界的方法。首先,通过分析格网内部点云的空间分布特征(平面距离、高程差异和点密集程度等)确定激光扫描点的权值,采用距离加权倒数IDW(Inverse Distance Weighted)内插方法生成车载激光扫描点云的特征图像。然后,采用阈值分割、轮廓提取与跟踪等手段提取特征图像中的建筑物目标的粗糙边界。最后,对粗糙边界内部的建筑物目标点云进行平面分割,提取建筑物的立面特征并构建立面不规则三角网TIN(Triangulated Irregular Network),并在建筑物先验框架知识条件下自动提取建筑物的精确3维位置边界。 相似文献
11.
为更好地发挥遥感技术在城市规划地图制作中的应用，高分辨率遥感影像成为城市地图制作中最重要的数据源。面对地物信息复杂、建筑物众多的城市地区，如何快速提取高分辨率遥感影像地图制作过程中相邻两景影像之间的镶嵌线具有重要意义。本文以国产卫星中分辨率最高、幅宽最小的GF-2影像为数据源，融合建筑物轮廓数据，研究了基于最短路径的A*搜索算法，实现了遥感影像地图制作的镶嵌线自动提取技术。结果表明，该方法能够自动生成避让建筑物的镶嵌线，速度快、镶嵌质量高，可广泛应用于城市地区高分辨率遥感影像地图制作。 相似文献
12.
针对传统人工提取方法自动化程度低、过分依赖人工设计的特征,以及现有的深度学习方法中存在的提取精度不高等问题,提出了一种基于改进型U-Net网络的高分辨率遥感影像建筑物提取方法。首先将空洞卷积加入到网络中,利用不同尺度的空洞卷积对来自网络编码部分的结果进行多尺度特征提取;再对提取的特征进行特征融合,并输入到网络的下一层;然后将制作的数据集输入到网络中进行训练;最后利用Softmax得到最终分割结果。在建筑物公开的数据集中进行测试,提取结果的像素精度为96.26%;Iou精度为78.59%、Recall为95.65%,表明该方法具有良好的鲁棒性和精度,能从影像中准确地提取建筑物。 相似文献
13.
LIDAR点云数据的建筑物特征线提取 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
传统的房屋建模主要采用航空航天立体影像来获取房屋的3维数据,通过在数字摄影测量系统上进行立体量测来实现。这种方式费时、费力、周期比较长,影响了成果的现势性。机载激光雷达可直接、快速获取大面积地表点的三维坐标信息,为建筑物特征线提取和建模带来了便利。以往基于LIDAR点云数据进行建筑物特征线提取,大多只是针对简单的平顶房屋和人字型房屋。本文提出了一种能够精确提取建筑物特征线的方法,通过建筑物区域确定、建筑物顶面分类,能够实现诸如平面、斜面和多层次建筑物特征线提取的方法。 相似文献
14.
针对建筑面积指标计算方法当前各地复杂且不统一的问题,该文从建筑的层级结构出发,介绍了规划建筑面积指标的自动化计算模型,详细阐述了建筑空间基本面积、公摊面积,以及单体建筑面积指标与建设项目宏观面积指标的计算方法,并在此基础上开发相关软件,实现了城市规划建筑面积指标的自动化计算。 相似文献
15.
With the advent of high spatial resolution satellite imagery, automatic and semiautomatic building extractions have turned into one of the outstanding research topics in the field of remote sensing and machine vision. To this date, various algorithms have been presented for extracting the buildings from satellite images. Such methods lend their bases to diverse criteria such as radiometric, geometric, edge detection, and shadow. In this paper, a novel object based approach has been proposed for automatic and robust detections as well as extraction of the building in high spatial resolution images. To fulfill this, we simultaneously made use of both stable and variable features. While the former can be derived from inherent characteristics of the buildings, the latter is extracted using a feature analysis tool. In addition, a novel perspective has been recommended to boost the automation degree of the segmentation part in the object based analysis of remote sensing imagery. The proposed method was applied to a QuickBird imagery of an urban area in Isfahan city and the results of the quantitative evaluation demonstrated that the proposed method could yield promising results. Moreover, in another section of this study, for assessing the algorithm transferability, the rule set was implemented to a part of the WorldView image of Yazd city, proving that the proposed approach is capable of transferability in different types of case studies. 相似文献
16.
Automatic Extraction of Power Lines From Aerial Images 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Guangjian Yan Chaoyang Li Guoqing Zhou Wuming Zhang Xiaowen Li 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2007,4(3):387-391
There has been little investigation for the automatic extraction of power lines from aerial images due to the low resolution of aerial images in the past decades. With increasing aerial photogrammetric technology and sensor technology, it is possible for photogrammetrists to monitor the status of power lines. This letter analyzes the property of imaged power lines and presents an algorithm to automatically extract the power line from aerial images acquired by an aerial digital camera onboard a helicopter. This algorithm first uses a Radon transform to extract line segments of the power line, then uses the grouping method to link each segment, and finally applies the Kalman filter technology to connect the segments into an entire line. We compared our algorithm with the line mask detector method and the ratio line detector, and evaluated their performances. The experimental results demonstrated that our algorithm can successfully extract the power lines from aerial images regardless of background complexity. This presented method has successfully been applied in China National 863 project for power line surveillance, 3-D reconstruction, and modeling. 相似文献
17.
Identification and Modelling of Translational and Axial Symmetries and their Hierarchical Structures in Building Footprints by Formal Grammars 
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下载免费PDF全文 Buildings and other man‐made objects, for many reasons such as economical or aesthetic, are often characterized by their symmetry. The latter predominates in the design of building footprints and building parts such as façades. Thus the identification and modeling of this valuable information facilitates the reconstruction of these buildings and their parts. This article presents a novel approach for the automatic identification and modelling of symmetries and their hierarchical structures in building footprints, providing an important prior for façade and roof reconstruction. The uncertainty of symmetries is explicitly addressed using supervised machine learning methods, in particular Support Vector Machines (SVMs). Unlike classical statistical methods, for SVMs assumptions on the a priori distribution of the data are not required. Both axial and translational symmetries are detected. The quality of the identified major and minor symmetry axes is assessed by a least squares based adjustment. Context‐free formal grammar rules are used to model the hierarchical and repetitive structure of the underlying footprints. We present an algorithm which derives grammar rules based on the previously acquired symmetry information and using lexical analysis describing regular patterns and palindrome‐like structures. This offers insights into the latent structures of building footprints and therefore describes the associated façade in a relational and compact way. 相似文献
18.
O. Tournaire M. Brédif D. Boldo M. Durupt 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2010,65(4):317-327
In the past two decades, building detection and reconstruction from remotely sensed data has been an active research topic in the photogrammetric and remote sensing communities. Recently, effective high level approaches have been developed, i.e., the ones involving the minimization of an energetic formulation. Yet, their efficiency has to be balanced by the amount of processing power required to obtain good results.In this paper, we introduce an original energetic model for building footprint extraction from high resolution digital elevation models (≤1 m) in urban areas. Our goal is to formulate the energy in an efficient way, easy to parametrize and fast to compute, in order to get an effective process still providing good results.Our work is based on stochastic geometry, and in particular on marked point processes of rectangles. We therefore try to obtain a reliable object configuration described by a collection of rectangular building footprints. To do so, an energy function made up of two terms is defined: the first term measures the adequacy of the objects with respect to the data and the second one has the ability to favour or penalize some footprint configurations based on prior knowledge (alignment, overlapping, …). To minimize the global energy, we use a Reversible Jump Monte Carlo Markov Chain (RJMCMC) sampler coupled with a simulated annealing algorithm, leading to an optimal configuration of objects. Various results from different areas and resolutions are presented and evaluated. Our work is also compared with an already existing methodology based on the same mathematical framework that uses a much more complex energy function. We show how we obtain similarly good results with a high computational efficiency (between 50 and 100 times faster) using a simplified energy that requires a single data-independent parameter, compared to more than 20 inter-related and hard-to-tune parameters. 相似文献
19.
提出了一种从机载LiDAR点云数据中提取水陆桥梁的新算法,采用先滤波分类再识别桥梁的策略用于桥梁主体及其与地面连接处脚点的提取。首先对机载LiDAR点云数据进行严格滤波,在此基础上利用多个阈值对非地面脚点进行初步提取;然后引入Alpha-shapes算法对初步提取结果进行分割,并辅以面积阈值提取出属于桥梁主体部分的脚点;最后提出一种顾及地形特征的点云区域生长算法,用于准确提取桥梁主体与地面连接部分的脚点。实验证明,本文算法对水面和陆地桥梁提取均有很好的效果。 相似文献
20.
CORS站持续稳定运行产生了海量高精度定位点数据,如何挖掘提取高精度可用像控点,以替代部分像控点人工选择或外业测绘工作,具有重要推广价值。本文提出了一种基于高精度CORS定位数据的像控点自动提取方法,并研发了像控点自动提取工具。首先采用Douglas-Peucker算法实现轨迹简化;然后利用ST-DBSCAN提取聚类中心;最后进一步栅格化,优化提取得到高可用像控点集。试验结果表明,像控点提取结果的准确率在94%以上,大大减少了像控点采集的工作量,重复利用高精度像控点信息具有广阔应用前景。 相似文献