共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 453 毫秒
1.
提出了一种构建室内行人通行网络的方法,利用矢量建筑图自动构建室内建筑、地标的可视关系,建立行人导航通行规则,支持室内导航路径规划。实验结果表明,此方法能够有效描述室内行人通行规则,并满足拓扑网络构建的实时性需求,减少大规模存储与维护室内路网的压力。在此基础上提出了一种多目标导航路径优化算法,该算法时间开销较低,能够实时地进行路径规划,得到的最优路径与最短路径相比具有更高的地标可见性和覆盖率。 相似文献
2.
In light of the many improvements within 3D urban modeling and Location‐Based Services, this article provides a timely review of the state‐of‐the‐art on integrating indoor and outdoor spaces in pedestrian navigation guidance aids. With people moving seamlessly between buildings and surrounding areas, navigation guidance tools should extend from merely outdoor or indoor guidance, to provide support in the combined indoor‐outdoor context. This article first examines the challenges and complexities of integrating indoor and outdoor spaces into a single navigation system. Next, by using objective selection criteria, 36 relevant studies were withheld and further reviewed on their specific developments in data model requirements, and algorithmic and context support for integrated IO navigation systems. This review shows that the challenges of dealing with both indoor and outdoor space structures, while taking into account pedestrian's freer use of space, currently complicate the proposition of a unified IO space concept for navigation. However, there are some ongoing developments (e.g. context definitions, algorithmic extensions, increased data availability, growing awareness of pedestrians’ perception during wayfinding) that will help to bring outdoor and indoor spaces closer together in the realm of combined geospatial analysis. 相似文献
3.
Contemporary public buildings are becoming conglomerates of open, semi‐open and closed spaces, with indoor, outdoor and underground sections. For humans and robots to navigate seamlessly through such environments, new flexible approaches need to be developed. Navigation systems generally rely on a network (nodes and edges) as an abstraction of underlying space availability. However, indoor and outdoor networks have different origins. While indoor systems rely on indoor space subdivision approaches, current outdoor systems utilize road‐based network approaches. Linking such networks via particular nodes is possible but restrictive. Many spaces in the built environment are not strictly indoor or outdoor spaces and are thus often omitted from navigation networks, further limiting navigation options. To overcome these shortcomings, we introduce a new space definition framework in which the entire built environment is categorized into indoor, outdoor, semi‐indoor and semi‐outdoor spaces. We provide strict definitions for the four space categories. Our framework allows the same navigation network extraction approaches to be used and therefore enables seamless indoor/outdoor path computation for single or combinations of locomotion modes. The notions of semi‐indoor and semi‐outdoor spaces offer new options for further tailoring of the navigation path with respect to environmental factors, which we demonstrate with two use cases. 相似文献
4.
室内导航网络是实现室内路径规划和导航的基础。针对现有室内导航网络存在拓扑连通结构不合理、生成路径几何形态不自然等问题,本文依据人类长期以来形成的“抄近路”习性及“避碰”安全需求,提出了一种符合人行走习惯的室内导航网络及其自动生成算法。该导航网络将室内可通行空间划分为普通房间和走廊,普通房间内网络映射为房间结点与门结点的直线连接;形状复杂的走廊空间则依据空间尺度和凹凸性被细分为狭窄走廊空间和开阔走廊空间,狭窄走廊空间以中轴线作为路线,开阔走廊空间则将门结点和通道口结点连接形成完全图;最后将房门结点连接到走廊路线,形成完整室内导航网络。试验结果表明:该模型及其生成算法能够依据室内空间尺度对复杂通行空间进行合理分区,生成与空间特征一致的导航网络结构,使得规划生成的最短路径形态更符合人们的行走习惯。 相似文献
5.
Jinjin Yan Abdoulaye A. Diakit Sisi Zlatanova Mitko Aleksandrov 《Transactions in GIS》2020,24(2):371-389
Outdoor navigation is widely used in daily life, but faces various issues related to the fidelity of outdoor navigation networks. For instance, agents (pedestrians) are often guided via unrealistic detours around places without clear paths (e.g., squares) or if there are vertical constraints such as overpasses/bridges. This is partly explained by the fact that the main sources of navigation networks in current outdoor navigation are two‐dimensional road/street networks. Utilizing a three‐dimensional space‐based navigation model, compatible with some indoor approaches, is a popular way to address the above‐mentioned issues. A 3D space‐based navigation model is generated by treating 3D spaces as nodes and the shared faces as edges. Inputs of this model are enclosed 3D spaces (volumes). However, outdoor spaces are generally open and unbounded. This article puts forward an approach to enclose outdoor spaces and mimic the indoor environments to derive a network based on connectivity and accessibility of spaces. The approach uses 2.5D maps and consists of three major steps: object footprint determination, footprint classification and space creation. Two use cases demonstrate the proposed approach. Enclosing outdoor spaces opens a new research direction toward providing seamless indoor/outdoor navigation for a range of agents. 相似文献
6.
面向室内位置服务中路径规划与导航的应用需求，提出一种基于栅格空间的通行区域模型及其自动提取算法。首先，在栅格模型基础上引入了相邻栅格和途经栅格，结合具体示例阐述了通行区域模型的基本原理；然后，根据室内地图数据特征，通过室内栅格模型初始化、通行区域初次提取和邻域融合，设计了通行区域的自动提取算法；最后，选取西单大悦城一楼室内地图数据进行了不同栅格尺度的通行区域自动提取和路径规划试验。结果表明，该算法针对走廊内存在障碍等复杂室内环境具有较好的适用性，并且通行区域模型相比网络模型的路径规划结果更加符合复杂室内环境的路径行走特征。 相似文献
7.
行人路网的完整性和准确性是保障步行导航服务的关键。当前的行人路网大多是基于室外道路设施构建的,缺乏室内可步行路径的数据支持,无法在导航应用中提供准确、真实的最优路径规划服务。鉴于此,本文提出了一种基于众源数据的室内外一体化行人路网构建方法,采用智能手机定位传感器与惯性传感器记录的众源轨迹,首先对缺失或者漂移的室内步行数据进行筛选,然后使用改进的行人航位推算(PDR)方法推算出准确的室内轨迹,进而采用莫尔斯理论生成涵盖室内外行人路径的完整行人路网。试验分析中对搜集到的260条步行轨迹数据进行行人路网构建,并使用高精度测量设备采集真实路网数据进行对比分析,结合OSM数据对试验结果进行综合评价。试验结果表明,本文方法能够准确、完整地生成室内外一体化行人路网。 相似文献
8.
室内路网模型作为室内导航研究的基础,如何自动生成室内路网模型成为近年的研究热点。对于目前自动路网模型研究中出现的复杂环境适应度不够的问题,本文提出了一种室内楼层平面路网模型的自动提取方法。它将室内空间分为公共空间和专属空间两类,从而形成公共空间路径和专属空间路径,并用转换点将两类路径进行衔接;最终利用提取的公共空间路径、专属空间路径和连接路径构成楼层平面导航路网模型。基于此方法,将某学校教学楼一层建筑平面图生成平面自动路网模型,并从路径完整度、准确度及寻路情况3个方面与手动路网模型进行了对比分析,其表现良好。 相似文献
9.
室内地标在室内位置信息服务（location based service,LBS）中发挥着重要作用。针对室外地标提取方法不能完全适用于更为复杂的室内环境的问题,提出了一种显著度定量评价模型用于在室内环境中提取地标。以大型商场的室内环境为研究对象,从视觉、认知、空间3个方面分析影响室内兴趣点（point of interest,POI）显著性的主要因素,并用这些因素构建了室内POI整体显著度评价模型。选择武汉市群光购物中心室内的POI数据进行显著度计算,依据显著度的差异性提取了多层地标,反映不同粒度的室内区域空间知识。提取的多层地标可以作为室内智能导航系统中的重要标识,为在复杂的大型商场内实现快速寻路、多粒度路径导引提供关键线索。 相似文献
10.
大椭圆航线设计的空间矢量方法 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
针对传统大圆航线设计采用的球体模型和现代导航设备采用的椭球体模型不统一引起航行误差的问题,研究了基于空间矢量的大椭圆航线设计方法。通过采用空间矢量代数方法直接求解大椭圆顶点,并提出依据长轴矢量和短轴矢量的大椭圆描述方法,应用两个基本矢量推导大椭圆航线方位和航程计算公式,进而研究了大椭圆航线设计算法,重点提出了基于Newton-Raphson(N-R)的等距离航线设计算法。对比算例表明,大圆航线与大椭圆航线设计结果差异明显,大椭圆航线设计算法与航行阶段采用的地球模型一致,可消除大圆航线设计引起的误差,提高航海计算精度。 相似文献
11.
相对空间比绝对空间更易于被人理解。行人导航本质是以相对于人的导航环境视觉与空间等相对语义来动态引导行人的过程,即相对导航。目前,GIS导航理论以绝对定位与空间建模为基础,没有充分理解人对相对语义的认知差异,缺乏基于相对语义的导航理论模型。首先,总结了以绝对空间定位与表达为基础的行人导航研究,提出了相对空间感知的行人导航研究新方向。然后,剖析了相对导航研究的理论研究需求,如:行人相对导航数据采集与建模、行人导航环境相对语义的提取、行人导航行为的自动感知分析、行人导航的多感官交互机制、行人导航路径选择与确认机制等。最后,展望了未来行人导航研究与重要创新的3个阶段。 相似文献
12.
While finding the optimal route for users with physical disabilities and personalizing routes for each user, on the one hand, and collaborative wayfinding, on the other hand, have been addressed in the pedestrian navigation systems literature, there has not been much research on combining the two activities. The problem associated with wayfinding approaches solely based on information about network segments and personal preferences is that the information about segments in the database may not, correctly and/or adequately address user preferences. The problem associated with wayfinding approaches solely based on the ratings given to routes by wheelchair users is the lack of rates (or scores) for all possible routes between all possible origin‐destination pairs in the network. This article discusses an approach to combine these two approaches for wayfinding to augment each other's shortcomings. To evaluate the personalized wayfinding approach, we utilize a route index, called a comparison index. The results show that with a P‐value of 9%, the routes obtained from our approach are more accessible than the routes obtained from another approach developed in another study. To evaluate the collaborative wayfinding approach, a Monte Carlo simulation was conducted which reflects the updates in routes as users' feedbacks become available. 相似文献
13.
研究影响寻路行为的人为因素,对于提升智能导航服务的用户体验具有重要意义。从心理旋转、抽象推理、空间短时记忆和空间感知4种能力出发,设计空间认知对照实验,探究空间认知能力与寻路绩效之间的相关性。研究结果表明:（1）4种空间认知能力之间弱相关,且按空间尺度部分分离。相同尺度空间的认知能力,即心理旋转能力和抽象推理能力、短时记忆能力和空间感知能力的相关性较强,不同尺度空间的认知能力相关性较弱。（2）心理旋转能力和抽象推理能力对寻路绩效有较高的拟合显著性水平。考虑多因素联合作用,虚拟场景中,心理旋转能力对寻路绩效影响最大,空间感知能力影响最小;真实场景中,空间感知能力对寻路绩效影响最大,短时记忆能力影响最小。（3）寻路表现具有显著的场景效应,在虚拟和真实场景中各项能力因子对寻路绩效拟合的决定系数明显不同。该研究结果为基于虚拟场景的行人导航研究的有效性提供了实证参考,也可为设计顾及人因的导航服务提供依据。 相似文献
14.
针对室内外场景结合的导航应用服务需求的发展以及现有室内外场景感知方法的识别稳定性较低、准确率不高问题,本文提出一种基于泛在信号融合的室内外场景鲁棒感知算法,利用室内外场景中融合的泛在信号降低单一信号识别误差;同时为提高传统AdaBoost算法对不平衡数据集的分类精度,采用概率神经网络（PNN）作为训练的弱分类器,并引入熵权法,对迭代产生的弱分类器的权重进行修正来提高强分类器的分类准确率．现实场景下的实验表明,本文算法在采用室内外环境中的WiFi信号、全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）可用星数、光照强度这三种融合的泛在信号进行室内外场景感知时性能最佳,对于不同角度方向下的室内外场景切换,可以在误报率仅为1.7％的情况下,达到98％的识别准确率,验证了本文所提算法的准确性和鲁棒性． 相似文献
15.
Identifying a route that avoids obstacles in continuous space is important for infrastructure alignment, robotic travel, and virtual object path planning, among others, because movement through space is not restricted to a predefined road or other network. Vector and raster GIS (geographic information system) solution approaches have been developed to find good/efficient routes. On the vector side, recent solution approaches exploit spatial knowledge and utilize GIS functionality, offering significant computational advantages in finding an optimal solution to this path routing problem. Raster‐based shortest path techniques are widely applied in route planning for wayfinding, corridor alignment, robotics and video gaming to derive an obstacle avoiding path, but represent an approximation approach for solving this problem. This research compares vector and raster approaches for identifying obstacle‐avoiding shortest paths/routes. Empirical assessment is carried out for a number of planning applications, highlighting representational issues, computational requirements and resulting path efficiency. 相似文献
16.
AbstractThis work presents a mapping and tracking system based on images to enable a small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to accurately navigate in indoor and GPS-denied outdoor environments. A method is proposed to estimate the UAV’s pose (i.e., the 3D position and orientation of the camera sensor) in real-time using only the on-board RGB camera as the UAV travels through a known 3D environment (i.e., a 3D CAD model). Linear features are extracted and automatically matched between images collected by the UAV’s onboard RGB camera and the 3D object model. The matched lines from the 3D model serve as ground control to estimate the camera pose in real-time via line-based space resection. The results demonstrate that the proposed model-based pose estimation algorithm provides sub-meter positioning accuracies in both indoor and outdoor environments. It is also that shown the proposed method can provide sparse updates to correct the drift from complementary simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM)-derived pose estimates. 相似文献
17.
18.
随着室内定位技术的不断发展,室内导航渐渐成为可能。但由于室内定位精度和稳定性较差,导致定位点漂移,导航引导错误,用户体验感差,无法满足室内精细导航需求。文中根据室内空间的特点,结合GIS空间分析与导航推测算法,设计出一种适合室内定位约束与优化算法,能在不影响定位效率的情况下很大程度上改善定位效果。经实际场地实验,效果良好。 相似文献
19.
Florian W. Fichtner Abdoulaye A. Diakité Sisi Zlatanova Robert Voûte 《Transactions in GIS》2018,22(1):233-248
3D indoor navigation in multi‐story buildings and under changing environments is still difficult to perform. 3D models of buildings are commonly not available or outdated. 3D point clouds turned out to be a very practical way to capture 3D interior spaces and provide a notion of an empty space. Therefore, pathfinding in point clouds is rapidly emerging. However, processing of raw point clouds can be very expensive, as these are semantically poor and unstructured data. In this article we present an innovative octree‐based approach for processing of 3D indoor point clouds for the purpose of multi‐story pathfinding. We semantically identify the construction elements, which are of importance for the indoor navigation of humans (i.e., floors, walls, stairs, and obstacles), and use these to delineate the available navigable space. To illustrate the usability of this approach, we applied it to real‐world data sets and computed paths considering user constraints. The structuring of the point cloud into an octree approximation improves the point cloud processing and provides a structure for the empty space of the point cloud. It is also helpful to compute paths sufficiently accurate in their consideration of the spatial complexity. The entire process is automatic and able to deal with a large number of multi‐story indoor environments. 相似文献
20.
为了能快速计算室内导航路径,必须使用简单的数据结构表达室内复杂的路径导航信息,室内三维连通图就是一种较好的手段。但是传统的室内精细建模重在几何模型的构建和纹理数据采集,缺乏室内三维连通图的构建。针对广泛存在室内几何模型提出一种基于体素的室内三维连通图自动生成算法,对建筑物内部进行分割和填充,将室内空间划分为离散的导航空间,通过自动语义关联提取连通关系,最终生成室内空间三维连通图。 相似文献