共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
整体地球自转动力学理论的研究一般是在旋转对称模型基础上进行的,但实际上地球是一个非旋转对称的椭球体,因此,三轴地球模型的自转理论研究具有一定的意义。在刚体地球自转Euler动力学方程的基础上,结合物理学中的空间自由旋转物体(如陀螺)的运动学方程,在极移平方量级的精度上给出适用于地球自转研究的三轴刚体地球自转的动力学方程,同时也给出求解三轴刚体地球自由摆动的两种方法,即椭圆积分方法和椭圆函数方法。最后得出旋转对称地球自转是三轴地球自转在极移量级情况下的一种特例,且三轴刚体地球模型不可能出现第二自由摆动的结论。 相似文献
2.
利用矢量分析的方法研究了刚体地球的形状轴、角动量轴和自转轴的相对运动.在Murray关于地球形状轴的矢量解的基础上,针对选择天球参考轴的原则和方法,对天球历书极(CEP)、天球中介极(CIP)和非旋转原点(NRO)的选择进行了形象化的分析和讨论. 相似文献
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针对三维坐标转换模型参数估计的核心是旋转矩阵的表示方法这一客观事实,该文通过对现有三维坐标转换模型中不同旋转矩阵的表示方法进行研究,依据任何一个方阵都可以惟一地分解为一个对称矩阵与一个反对称矩阵之和的矩阵理论,提出了一种使用反对称矩阵表示旋转矩阵的新方法,并详细推导了基于布尔莎模型的三维坐标转换算法——平方根矩阵法;最后,根据文献算例对该方法进行实验分析。实验结果表明,该算法适用于大旋转角,且相较于方向余弦法、罗德里格矩阵法和单位四元数法具有计算收敛速度快、精确度高的优点。 相似文献
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整体地球自转动力学理论一般假设地球是旋转对称的,但实际上地球是一个非对称的旋转椭球体。因此,三轴地球自转的研究是符合现实的。本文在弹性地球自转Liouville方程的基础上,在推导过程中所有量保留到极移平方和椭率乘积量级而忽略其更小量级的情况下,给出了适用于地球自转研究的三轴弹性地球自转的动力学方程。同时也列出了求解三轴弹性地球自转自由摆动的两种方法,即椭圆积分方法和椭圆函数方法。最后指出,如果在推导过程中保留更小量级,则弹性地球模型的自转动力学方程无解析解;旋转对称地球自转的线性解是三轴地球模型在极移量级下的一种特例,且三轴弹性地球模型不可能出现第二自由摆动。 相似文献
6.
国际地球参考框架2000(ITRF2000)的定义及其参数 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
陈俊勇 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2005,30(9):753-756,761
对国际地球参考框架2000(ITRF2000)的定义、主要参数及其应满足的条件进行了研究,重点指出了它和历史上的各个ITRFyy的不同,并阐述了各个ITRFyy的联系和区别,给出了它们之间相互转换的参数。 相似文献
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关于坐标旋转法进行地球静止轨道导航卫星广播星历拟合的探讨 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
介绍基于坐标选转法的GEO广播星历拟合算法,推导坐标系旋转前后卫星瞬时轨道根数及其摄动的解析关系式,分析选择不同惯性系(不同的X轴指向和不同旋转角)对卫星轨道根数及其摄动的影响,通过仿真GEO轨道的广播星历拟合实验分析不同坐标旋转角度对星历参数拟合结果的影响。分析和试验表明:①采用简化法,经坐标变换后得到的轨道倾角不为常数,而是随着选择的参考历元不同呈周期性变化;②选择不同的惯性参考系会导致轨道倾角摄动以不同的放大倍数放大后被新坐标系的轨道升交点赤经摄动和近地点幅角摄动吸收,放大倍数可达几十倍至上百倍甚至出现奇点;③拟合得到的GEO卫星星历参数Δn和.Ω的取值范围随坐标旋转角的增大而减小。 相似文献
8.
传统大地测量应用中的基准转换往往涉及小角度旋转,可只考虑旋转角的一阶量采用线性化方法求解。现代空间测量技术成果应用的基准转换涉及大角度旋转,通过将旋转矩阵所有元素作为未知数并利用旋转矩阵正交条件采用附约束条件平差法迭代求解。本文以空间三维基准转换为例,采用多元模型的矩阵形式将多点坐标组成矩阵处理,并利用旋转矩阵的正交条件导出了大角度三维基准转换的解析分步解。同时引入两套公共点坐标误差对传统三维基准转换模型扩展,导出了同时顾及两套公共点坐标误差的大角度三维基准转换模型的解析解。试验表明:给出的大角度三维基准转换解析解能在实现与传统迭代解等效转换结果的同时,有效避免复杂耗时的迭代计算,提高计算效果。 相似文献
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为了解决大旋转角三维坐标转换方法在误差方程基础上引入13未知参数(3个平移参数、1个尺度参数和旋转矩阵中9个元素)之间的虚拟观测方程存在无法准确定权和若虚拟观测方程作为约束条件引入时构成的约束条件法方程不可逆的问题,该文只建立旋转矩阵中9个元素之间的约束条件,提出了附有约束条件的大旋转角三维坐标转换方法。详细推导了该方法中未知参数(3个平移参数和1个尺度参数与旋转矩阵中9个元素)估计及其精度评定公式。最后用算例对该方法进行了验证。结果表明:该方法适用于任何角度旋转的空间直角坐标转换,其解算理论正确,模型严密,过程简单,易于程序设计。 相似文献
11.
Sheng-Yuan Zhu 《Journal of Geodesy》1982,56(3):258-273
Based on an analysis of polar motion behavior, we found the possibility of predicting polar motion up to one year in advance.
Comparing these predicted polar coordinates with the observed ones (smoothed), the rms of the differences is about 0".02.
The differences of the relative polar motion are much smaller. For any time interval of 20–30 days throughout the whole year,
the rms of the relative polar motion differences is about 0".01. It appears that 80–90% of the polar motion is composed of
the stable, predictable Chandler and annual terms. 相似文献
12.
We assess the accuracy of some indirect approaches to invariant point (IVP), or system reference point, determination of satellite
laser ranging (SLR) and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) systems using both observed and simulated survey data sets.
Indirect IVP determination involves the observation of targets located on these systems during specific rotational sequences
and by application of geometrical models that describe the target motion during these sequences. Of concern is that most SLR
and VLBI systems have limited rotational freedom thereby placing constraint on the reliability of parameter estimation, including
the IVP position. We assess two current approaches to IVP analysis using survey data observed at the Yarragadee (Australia)
SLR and the Medicina (Italy) VLBI sites and also simulated data of a large rotationally constrained (azimuth-elevation) VLBI
system. To improve reliability we introduce and assess some new geometric conditions, including inter-axis, inter-circle and
inter-target conditions, to existing IVP analysis strategies. The error component of a local tie specifically associated with
the indirect determination of SLR and VLBI IVP is less than 0.5 mm. For systems with significant rotational limits we find
that the inter-axis and inter-circle conditions are critical to the computation of unbiased IVP coordinates at the sub-millimetre
level. When the inter-axis and inter-circle geometric conditions are not imposed, we retrieve biased vertical coordinates
of the IVP (in our simulated VLBI system) in the range of 1.2–3.4 mm. Using the new geometric conditions we also find that
the axis-offset estimates can be recovered at the sub- millimetre accuracy (0.5 mm). 相似文献
13.
R. O. Vicente 《Journal of Geodesy》1982,56(1):1-8
The new series ILS (H) of pole coordinates (1899.9–1979.0) computed in a homogeneous system has been employed for the determination
of the period of Chandler's component of polar motion. The comparison with a value derived from a previous series ILS (VY)
shows there is no significant variation in the period in spite of the known systematic errors affecting the ILS (VY) series.
Any high precision geodetic network adjustment has to take account of the pole coordinates defined by the ILS (H) series.
Such long series permitted the identification of another component of polar motion with a period of about 30 years. The polhode
derived from the ILS (H) series shows greater regularity than previously deduced polhodes and, therefore, we can conclude
that past investigations in geodesy and geophysics trying to correlated the irregularities of the polhode with different geophysical
phenomena, for instance, earthquakes, may have to be revised. 相似文献
14.
The purpose of this paper is to develop a canonical formulation of the rotational motion for an elastic Earth model. We have
obtained the canonical equations for the precession and nutation motion in an inertial frame, and from this we have deduced
the equations in an Earth-fixed frame. The linearized equations deduced for polar motion are equivalent to those obtained
using Liouville's equations. 相似文献
15.
The rotational motion for an elastic Earth model with a homogeneous liquid core has been obtained using Hamilton's equations. From the canonical equations for the precessional and nutational motions in an inertial frame, the corresponding equations in an Earth fixed frame are deduced. The linearized equations obtained for polar motion and liquid core motion are equivalent to the Sasao-Okubo-Saito equations. 相似文献
16.
The rotational motion for an elastic Earth model with a homogeneous liquid core has been obtained using Hamilton's equations.
From the canonical equations for the precessional and nutational motions in an inertial frame, the corresponding equations
in an Earth fixed frame are deduced. The linearized equations obtained for polar motion and liquid core motion are equivalent
to the Sasao-Okubo-Saito equations. 相似文献
17.
为提高对渤海海冰旋转和平移运动的监测精度,提出一种基于投影变换的相位相关跟踪方法。选取连续8景静止水色成像仪(GOCI)图像序列,根据特征图像窗口的投影变换构造辅助函数,通过寻求函数最优解得到旋转角度集合,选择修正相关系数确定最佳旋转角度,同时根据相位信息实现海冰样本间亚像素级别的平移跟踪,消除传统相位相关法中因忽略图像相频特性所造成的匹配误差。实验结果表明,以手动测量的旋转角度为基准,该方法和传统相位相关法的旋转监测均方根误差的最大值/平均值分别为0.59/0.50与1.41/0.94,跟踪速度提高了50.6%;海冰平移运动的速度矢量与辽东湾的现场实测数据及历史资料记录数据基本一致。该方法对渤海海冰旋转和平移运动具有较好的跟踪效果。 相似文献
18.
An improved empirical model for the effect of long-period ocean tides on polar motion 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Richard S. Gross 《Journal of Geodesy》2009,83(7):635-644
Because the tide-raising potential is symmetric about the Earth’s polar axis it can excite polar motion only by acting upon
non-axisymmetric features of the Earth like the oceans. In fact, after removing atmospheric and non-tidal oceanic effects,
polar motion excitation observations show a strong fortnightly tidal signal that is not completely explained by existing dynamical
and empirical ocean tide models. So a new empirical model for the effect of the termensual (Mtm and mtm), fortnightly (Mf and mf), and monthly (Mm) tides on polar motion is derived here by fitting periodic terms at these tidal frequencies to polar motion excitation observations
that span 2 January 1980 to 8 September 2006 and from which atmospheric and non-tidal oceanic effects have been removed. While
this new empirical tide model can fully explain the observed fortnightly polar motion excitation signal during this time interval
it would still be desirable to have a model for the effect of long-period ocean tides on polar motion that is determined from
a dynamical ocean tide model and that is therefore independent of polar motion observations. 相似文献
19.
针对传统方法存在的缺陷,研究了利用Kalman滤波技术进行大规模GNSS网参数（主要包括测站位置参数、卫星轨道参数及极移参数）估计的理论方法与关键技术,并利用40个全球均匀分布的IGS站多天的观测数据对理论成果进行了验证。结果表明,本文估计得到的测站位置参数与IGS结果各分量较差的RMS值分别为0.85、1.1、1.21 cm,得到的卫星轨道参数外推1 h后与IGS最终星历各分量较差的RMS值分别为9.8、8.6、7.2 cm,得到的极移参数与IERS结果的较差基本在1 mas之内;该方法具有较高的估值精度,可有效地用于GNSS网各类参数的估计。 相似文献
20.
Five separate polar motion series are examined in order to understand what portion of their variations at periods exceeding
several years represents true polar motion. The data since the development of space-geodetic techniques (by themselves insufficient
for study of long-period motion), and a variety of historical astrometric data sets, allow the following tentative conclusions:
retrograde long-period polar motion below about −0.2 cpy (cycles per year) in pre-space-geodetic data (pre-1976) is dominantly
noise. For 1976–1992, there is poor agreement between space-geodetic and astrometric series over the range −0.2 to +0.2 cpy,
demonstrating that classical astrometry lacked the precision to monitor polar motion in this frequency range. It is concluded
that all the pre-1976 astrometric polar motion data are likely to be dominated by noise at periods exceeding about 10 years.
The exception to this is possibly a linear trend found in some astrometric and space geodetic series. At frequencies above
prograde +0.2 cpy (periods shorter than about 5 years), historical astrometric data may be of sufficient quality for comparisons
with geophysical excitation time series. Even in the era of space geodesy, significant differences are found in long-period
variations in published polar motion time series.
Received: 27 March 2001 / Accepted: 15 October 2001 相似文献