共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 150 毫秒
1.
重力异常向上延拓全球积分模型在航空重力测量数据质量评估和向下延拓迭代计算等领域具有广泛的应用。为了消除积分核函数奇异性影响,需要对该模型进行基于积分恒等式的移去-恢复转换及全球积分域的分区改化处理。在此过程中,传统改化处理方法往往忽略了全球积分过渡到局域积分引起的积分恒等式偏差影响,从而导致不必要的计算模型误差,最终影响向上延拓计算结果的可靠性,甚至影响向下延拓迭代解算结果的稳定性。针对此问题,本文开展了重力异常向上延拓积分模型改化及向下延拓应用分析研究,依据实测数据保障条件和积分恒等式适用条件要求,导出了重力异常向上延拓积分模型的分步改化公式,提出了补偿传统改化模型缺陷的修正公式,并将最终的严密改化模型应用于重力异常向下延拓迭代解算。使用超高阶地球位模型EGM2008作为标准位场开展数值计算检验,分别对重力异常向上延拓分步改化模型的计算精度及在向下延拓迭代解算中的应用效果进行了检核评估,验证了采用严密改化模型的必要性和有效性。 相似文献
2.
联合使用位模型和地形信息的陆区航空重力向下延拓方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了规避传统逆Poisson积分向下延拓解算过程的不适定性问题,借鉴导航定位中的"差分"概念,利用超高阶位模型直接计算海域航空重力测量向下延拓改正数的方法。本文在此基础上提出联合使用重力位模型和地形高数据,计算陆部航空重力向下延拓总改正数的改进方案,以飞行高度面与地面对应点的位模型差分信息表征总改正数的中长波分量,以相对应的局部地形改正差分修正量表征总改正数的中高频成分,从而实现航空重力数据点对点向地面的全频段延拓。在地形变化不同区域,联合使用EGM2008位模型、地面实测重力和高分辨率高程数据进行了实际数值计算和精度评估,验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
3.
重力向上延拓在外部重力场逼近和航空重力测量数据质量评估中具有重要应用。本文深入分析研究了6种向上延拓计算模型的技术特点和适用条件,提出了应用超高阶位模型加地形改正、点质量方法结合移去-恢复技术实现“先向下后向上延拓”计算的实施策略,探讨了计算过程特别是前端向下延拓过程的稳定性问题。通过实际数值计算,定量评估了地形质量对不同高度向上延拓结果的影响,对比分析了不同向上延拓模型顾及地形效应的实际效果,同时对向上延拓模型计算精度进行了估计。在地形变化比较激烈的山区,地形质量对向上延拓结果的影响最大可达几十个mGal（10-5m·s-2）,当计算高度为10 km时,该项影响超过3 mGal;向上延拓计算模型误差（不含数据误差影响）一般不超过1 mGal;基于超高阶位模型和地形改正信息实施向下延拓过渡的布阿桑（Poisson）积分向上延拓模型,具有计算过程简便、计算结果稳定可靠等优点。 相似文献
4.
针对航空重力测量向下延拓过程固有的不确定性,根据海域重力场的变化特点和现有技术条件,分别提出了利用卫星测高重力向上延拓和超高阶位模型(EGM2008)直接计算延拓改正数,从而实现航空重力测量向下延拓归算的两种实用方法,联合使用卫星测高、海面船测和航空重力测量数据进行了实际数值计算和精度评估,验证了新方法的有效性。 相似文献
5.
6.
基于最小二乘配置法向下延拓航空重力的过程中,由于协方差矩阵严重病态,影响延拓结果的稳定性和精度。针对这一问题,提出了航空重力向下延拓的最小二乘配置Tikhonov正则化法。基于全球协方差函数模型建立航空重力数据与地面重力数据的协方差关系,引入基于广义交叉验证法,选择正则化参数的Tikhonov正则化法改善协方差矩阵的病态性,抑制观测噪声对延拓结果的放大影响。基于EGM2008重力场模型,设计了山区、丘陵和海域3种不同地形区域的航空重力数据向下延拓的仿真实验,实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
7.
8.
《测绘科学技术学报》2013,(3)
研究探讨了基于逐级余差思想的分层点质量模型在航空重力数据向下延拓中的应用,首先给出其基本原理,然后对澳大利亚某区域实测航空重力测量数据进行了向下延拓实验,并分析了分层方案的选择、"背景场"的建立与否和地面重力数据的选取对实验结果的影响以及采用点质量模型向下延拓的精度,给出了在地面重力基础数据缺乏与否的情况下建立点质量模型的具体建议。实验结果表明,点质量模型可以有效进行航空重力数据的向下延拓,实验区2'×2'分辨率的数据延拓精度可达±4.8×10-5m.s-2。 相似文献
9.
基于矩谐分析的航空重力向下延拓 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
提出基于矩谐分析的航空重力向下延拓方法,以重力扰动作为基本观测值,给出基于矩谐分析的向下延拓模型和算法。利用EGM2008重力位模型设计模拟数值试验,对比研究矩谐分析、直接法和基于广义岭估计的逆泊松积分法,分别采用这3种方法将飞行高度处含高斯白噪声的2.5′×2.5′重力扰动向下延拓至大地水准面,与真实值作外部检验。数值比较结果表明:矩谐分析在延拓精度、稳定性和边界效应等方面都要优于直接法和基于广义岭估计的逆泊松积分法,能取得良好的向下延拓效果。 相似文献
10.
航空重力向下延拓病态问题的求解 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
提出将广义岭估计用于求解航空重力向下延拓病态问题,研究了求解逆Poisson积分问题的3种正则化方法：Tikhonov正则化、岭估计和广义岭估计。利用EGM2008地球位模型设计模拟数值实验,将飞行高度处含白噪声的2.5′×2.5′重力扰动向下延拓至大地水准面上,与参考值作外部检验,全面检验、比较了各向下延拓方法的可靠性、精度和稳定性,数值结果表明基于多个最优正则化参数的广义岭估计在延拓精度、稳定性和抗差性等方面要显著优于基于单个正则化参数的Tikhonov法和岭估计。 相似文献
11.
Downward continuation and geoid determination based on band-limited airborne gravity data 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
The downward continuation of the harmonic disturbing gravity potential, derived at flight level from discrete observations
of airborne gravity by the spherical Hotine integral, to the geoid is discussed. The initial-boundary-value approach, based
on both the direct and inverse solution to Dirichlet's problem of potential theory, is used. Evaluation of the discretized
Fredholm integral equation of the first kind and its inverse is numerically tested using synthetic airborne gravity data.
Characteristics of the synthetic gravity data correspond to typical airborne data used for geoid determination today and in
the foreseeable future: discrete gravity observations at a mean flight height of 2 to 6 km above mean sea level with minimum
spatial resolution of 2.5 arcmin and a noise level of 1.5 mGal. Numerical results for both approaches are presented and discussed.
The direct approach can successfully be used for the downward continuation of airborne potential without any numerical instabilities
associated with the inverse approach. In addition to these two-step approaches, a one-step procedure is also discussed. This
procedure is based on a direct relationship between gravity disturbances at flight level and the disturbing gravity potential
at sea level. This procedure provided the best results in terms of accuracy, stability and numerical efficiency. As a general
result, numerically stable downward continuation of airborne gravity data can be seen as another advantage of airborne gravimetry
in the field of geoid determination.
Received: 6 June 2001 / Accepted: 3 January 2002 相似文献
12.
Y. M. Wang 《Journal of Geodesy》1990,64(3):231-246
The method of analytical downward continuation has been used for solving Molodensky’s problem. This method can also be used
to reduce the surface free air anomaly to the ellipsoid for the determination of the coefficients of the spherical harmonic
expansion of the geopotential. In the reduction of airborne or satellite gradiometry data, if the sea level is chosen as reference
surface, we will encounter the problem of the analytical downward continuation of the disturbing potential into the earth,
too. The goal of this paper is to find out the topographic effect of solving Stoke’sboundary value problem (determination
of the geoid) by using the method of analytical downward continuation.
It is shown that the disturbing potential obtained by using the analytical downward continuation is different from the true
disturbing potential on the sea level mostly by a −2πGρh 2/p. This correction is important and it is very easy to compute
and add to the final results. A terrain effect (effect of the topography from the Bouguer plate) is found to be much smaller
than the correction of the Bouguer plate and can be neglected in most cases.
It is also shown that the geoid determined by using the Helmert’s second condensation (including the indirect effect) and
using the analytical downward continuation procedure (including the topographic effect) are identical. They are different
procedures and may be used in different environments, e.g., the analytical downward continuation procedure is also more convenient
for processing the aerial gravity gradient data.
A numerical test was completed in a rough mountain area, 35°<ϕ<38°, 240°<λ<243°. A digital height model in 30″×30″ point value
was used. The test indicated that the terrain effect in the test area has theRMS value ±0.2−0.3 cm for geoid. The topographic effect on the deflections of the vertical is around1 arc second. 相似文献
13.
The topographic effects by Stokes formula are typically considered for a spherical approximation of sea level. For more precise determination of the geoid, sea level is better approximated by an ellipsoid, which justifies the consideration of the ellipsoidal corrections of topographic effects for improved geoid solutions. The aim of this study is to estimate the ellipsoidal effects of the combined topographic correction (direct plus indirect topographic effects) and the downward continuation effect. It is concluded that the ellipsoidal correction to the combined topographic effect on the geoid height is far less than 1 mm. On the contrary, the ellipsoidal correction to the effect of downward continuation of gravity anomaly to sea level may be significant at the 1-cm level in mountainous regions. Nevertheless, if Stokes formula is modified and the integration of gravity anomalies is limited to a cap of a few degrees radius around the computation point, nor this effect is likely to be significant.AcknowledgementsThe author is grateful for constructive remarks by J Ågren and the three reviewers. 相似文献
14.
在空域,利用严密的向上延拓公式将地面重力数据上延至空中不同高度,而后与相应的地面重力数据比较从而得到不同高度的代表误差.在频域,构建了新的代表误差模型,计算了不同高度、不同分辨率下的代表误差.实际算例表明,在空域,对于地形平坦区域,在1 km高度以下,5'空中重力数据直接代表地面重力数据的误差小于1×10-5 m/s2... 相似文献
15.
目前,航空重力测量是快速获取陆地和近海区域高精度、高分辨率重力场信息的非常有效的技术手段,向下延拓则是其数据处理中的关键环节,直接影响到测量结果的进一步应用。本文在对传统最小二乘法、改进最小二乘法、Tikhonov正则化法等延拓模型进行数值分析的基础上,根据调和函数的基本特性,提出并建立了Poisson积分迭代法和改进Poisson积分迭代法延拓模型。实测航空和地面重力测量数据的试验结果表明,本文新建的Poisson积分迭代法和改进Poisson积分迭代法延拓模型精度相当,比传统最小二乘法延拓模型精度提高了15.26 mGal,比改进最小二乘法延拓模型精度提高了0.21 mGal,比Tikhonov正则化法延拓模型精度略低0.13 mGal,从而证明了本文所建模型的正确性和有效性。 相似文献
16.
Least-squares collocation and Stokes integral formula, as implemented using the Fast Fourier Technique, handle the harmonic downward continuation problem quite differently. FFT furthermore requires gridded data, amplifying the difference of methods.We have in this paper studied numerically the effects of downward continuation and gridding in a mountainous area in central Norway. Topographically smoothed data were used in order to reduce these effects. Despite the smoothing, it was found that the vertical gravity gradient had values up to -11 mgal/km. The corresponding differences between geoid heights and the height anomalies at altitude reached 12 cm.The differences between geoid heights obtained using collocation or FFT with gravity data at terrain level or sea level showed differences between the values of up to 10 cm r.m.s. A part of this difference was a consequence of different data areas used in the FFT and collocation solution, though.Major discrepancies between the solutions were found in areas where the topographic smoothing could not be applied (deep fjords with no depth information in the used DTM) or where there seemed to be gross errors in the data.We conclude that proper handling of harmonic continuation is important, even when we as here have used a 1 km resolution DTM for the calculation of topographic effects. The effect of data gridding, required for the FFT method, seems not to be as serious as the need to limit the data distribution area, required when least squares collocation is used with randomly distributed data. 相似文献
17.
L. E. Sjöberg 《Journal of Geodesy》2004,78(1-2):34-39
Gravimetric geoid determination by Stokes formula requires that the effects of topographic masses be removed prior to Stokes integration. This step includes the direct topographic and the downward continuation (DWC) effects on gravity anomaly, and the computations yield the co-geoid height. By adding the effect of restoration of the topography, the indirect effect on the geoid, the geoid height is obtained. Unfortunately, the computations of all these topographic effects are hampered by the uncertainty of the density distribution of the topography. Usually the computations are limited to a constant topographic density, but recently the effects of lateral density variations have been studied for their direct and indirect effects on the geoid. It is emphasised that the DWC effect might also be significantly affected by a lateral density variation. However, instead of computing separate effects of lateral density variation for direct, DWC and indirect effects, it is shown in two independent ways that the total geoid effect due to the lateral density anomaly can be represented as a simple correction proportional to the lateral density anomaly and the elevation squared of the computation point. This simple formula stems from the fact that the significant long-wavelength contributions to the various topographic effects cancel in their sum. Assuming that the lateral density anomaly is within 20% of the standard topographic density, the derived formula implies that the total effect on the geoid is significant at the centimetre level for topographic elevations above 0.66 km. For elevations of 1000, 2000 and 5000 m the effect is within ± 2.2, ± 8.8 and ± 56.8 cm, respectively. For the elevation of Mt. Everest the effect is within ± 1.78 m. 相似文献