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1.
2008年汶川大地震引发了岷江流域映秀—茂县段极为严重的地震次生地质灾害。利用震后多期高分辨率航空遥感数据并结合解译标志,快速、准确地分析研究区灾害的分布规律及发展趋势,对科学指导灾后重建具有重要意义。次生地质灾害分布规律主要表现为:1滑坡、崩塌及其过渡类型——崩滑为主要的次生地质灾害类型(占90%以上);2次生地质灾害广泛分布在岷江两岸山坡,但在映秀—汶川段的发育程度和规模比汶川—茂县段大得多。研究区次生地质灾害发展趋势分析结果表明:1地震形成的滑坡体趋于稳定,但解译的21个潜在滑坡体中部分已出现活动迹象,其中斗簇和沏底关2个潜在滑坡群更为明显,应对其进行遥感连续动态监测;2泥石流为研究区今后最主要的灾害类型,其中映秀—汶川段为最主要的发生地段。  相似文献   

2.
首先通过建立崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害体影像解译标志,进行了河南方城县的遥感地质灾害解译,共解译地质灾害点24处,其中崩塌10处、滑坡13处、泥石流1处;其次分析了河南省方城县地质灾害与与气象水文、地形地貌、地质构造、岩土体、土地覆盖等影响因素的关系;最后得出地形地貌是发生地质灾害的主控因素,岩土体及其物性特征是发生地质灾害的物质条件,地质构造是发生滑坡、崩塌的孕育因素,气象与水文是发生地质灾害的诱因的初步认识。  相似文献   

3.
以四川省北川县唐家山地区为研究区,利用2006-11-10的SPOT卫星影像数据,依据NDVI和地形信息进行耕地识别,辅以少量的人工修正,快速获取灾前耕地分布信息.应用2008-05-14的FORMOSAT-Ⅱ卫星影像数据和2008-06-04的ALOS卫星影像数据,采用人机交互解译快速获取地震诱发的崩塌滑坡、堰塞湖等次生灾害信息.灾前耕地分布信息叠加地震次生灾害数据及影像,进行变化检测,实现耕地损毁的快速评估.结果表明,研究区内崩塌滑坡、堰塞湖等次生灾害严重,崩塌滑坡533处,面积1408.20hm2,堰塞湖水面面积已达604.69 hm2.共毁坏耕地86.88 hm2,耕地毁坏率8.84%.崩塌滑坡、被毁耕地分布与断裂带分布一致,断裂破碎带内耕地毁坏率达18.74%,占研究区被毁耕地面积的74.53%.  相似文献   

4.
地质灾害调查中ETM+与SPOT 5 Pan影像融合与评价   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
李宏杰  戴福初  许领  李维朝  姚鑫 《国土资源遥感》2008,(1):43-45,54,I0001
在对金沙江上游某库区地质灾害调查中,针对研究区范围广、高差大及交通不便等不利因素,选用ETM 与SPOT 5 Pan融合影像,对库区地质灾害进行遥感调查;分别采用Brovey变换、IHS变换和PCA 变换融合方法对这2种影像进行了融合,并对融合方法和地质灾害解译效果进行了评价.结果表明,PCA变换是一种适合于地质灾害调查的遥感影像融合方法,融合后的影像滑坡、泥石流及崩塌等地质灾害特征明显,能够满足地质灾害遥感解译要求.  相似文献   

5.
以ALOS遥感影像为基础,经过数据处理,结合相关地质资料,对研究区的地层岩性、断裂构造进行了解译,重点解译了工作区内的滑坡、泥石流、崩塌、不稳定边坡等地质灾害,经过野外验证,取得了很好的结果,对研究区排查地质灾害起到了重要作用。此外,该方法对相关工程中地质灾害的调查也具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

6.
2013年4月20日,四川省雅安市芦山县境内发生MS7.0级地震。为充分发挥遥感技术在地震灾害应急决策、救援及震后恢复重建中的作用,利用地震前后的多源遥感数据,基于遥感图像人机交互解译和野外现场考察,研究了芦山地震次生地质灾害的特征及其空间分布。遥感调查结果表明,芦山地震引发了1 678处次生地质灾害,覆盖地表面积约8.354 km2,具有规模小且以崩塌、落石为主要灾害类型的特点。基于地震前的地形数据,研究了次生地质灾害的空间分布与高程、坡度的关系。对次生地质灾害分布特征的统计分析结果显示,95%的次生地质灾害分布在海拔750~1 850 m之间;82.5%的次生地质灾害分布在地形坡度15°~50°之间,但随着坡度的增加,次生地质灾害发生率显著升高。在空间分布上,芦山地震次生地质灾害呈现显著的线性排列:或沿NE向发震断裂线性排布,或沿山脊和河谷线性排列。研究结果为芦山地震应急决策、救援及震后恢复重建提供了重要依据。  相似文献   

7.
以陕西省凤县铅锌矿区为研究对象,利用遥感技术、人机交互式解译方法,提取矿山地质环境及其治理信息。结果表明,矿山地质灾害表现为泥石流(隐患)、地面塌陷、崩塌和滑坡,矿山地质环境治理主要以泥石流(隐患)防治和废弃尾矿库复垦为主。  相似文献   

8.
黄洁慧  谢谟文 《测绘科学》2019,44(11):109-115
针对传统的泥石流评价方法仅考虑已堆积的泥沙量,而泥石流通常与崩塌、滑坡等地质灾害同时发生的问题,该文以楞古水电站库区为研究区域,采用遥感、工程地质分析原理和灾害评价分析相结合的手段研究库区主要工程地质问题,解译出不良地质现象70处。结果表明:在提高水库工程地质测绘、分析及研究工作的效率、工作质量上有很大的理论和实践意义。基于遥感解译结果,现场调查、地形地质等资料,最终计算力邱河坝段在降水量达到最大250mm时,力邱河产生的可能泥石流泥沙量约为15 850 115m~3。依据降雨量概率分布估算,力邱河流域由于不良地质条件所产生的泥石流物源(推移质)年均约6.58×10~5 m~3。  相似文献   

9.
国土资源部高度重视地质灾害防治行业标准规范编制工作,2000年以来,在认真总结三峡库区等重点地区地质灾害防治工作经验的基础上,先后组织编制出台了《滑坡崩塌泥石流灾害调查规范》、《滑坡防治工程勘查规范》、《滑坡防治工程设计与施工技术规范》、《泥石流灾害防治工程勘查规范》、《崩塌、滑坡、泥石流监测规范》、《地质灾害防治工程监理规范》等行业规范。  相似文献   

10.
选择汶川地震重灾区之一且有代表性的青川县西部山区为研究区,分析了特殊构造部位与次生地质灾害的关系,建立了次生地质灾害遥感解译标志,总结了该区次生地质灾害的主要类型,评价了该区的灾情现状,并提出了合理防治的建议.  相似文献   

11.
 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。  相似文献   

12.
13.
The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.  相似文献   

14.
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.  相似文献   

15.
GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.  相似文献   

16.
Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...  相似文献   

17.
Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.  相似文献   

18.
“4D”技术及其应用   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
介绍“4D”(即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图)系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。  相似文献   

19.
Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.  相似文献   

20.
因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。  相似文献   

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