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估算混合植被叶绿素含量的理想波段分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
应用Lopex数据库评价了19个波谱指数对物种的敏感性, 分析了叶绿素含量与波谱反射率以及波谱导数的相关性, 目的在于探寻对叶绿素含量变化的敏感性, 对物种和叶片结构变化不敏感的理想波段, 应用大尺度遥感数据估算混合植被冠层叶绿素含量。分析结果表明:红边指数对混合植被的叶绿素含量具有较好的指示作用;估算冠层叶绿素含量的理想波段为698—710nm附近较窄的波段范围;对于波谱导数, 估算混合植被叶绿素含量的理想波段范围为720—735nm和535—550nm附近波谱导数。 相似文献
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山东省招远金矿区春季赤松林的植物地球化学和反射光谱特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了山东省招远市台上金矿区与背景区赤松林的植物地球化学特征、赤松生长状况和光谱反射率特征的差异。结果表明,赤松对Au,Ag,Cu,Pb等金属元素均呈强积累,赤松针叶中的Au、Ag元素含量金矿区值和背景区值之比分别可达6和18。重金属的过量吸收使金矿区赤松的生长状况变差,针叶内叶绿素含量减少,反射光谱特征明显变化。金矿区与背景区对比,赤松的红界蓝移幅度可达8—12nm。随重金属污染程度的加重,近红外肩反射率值、叶绿素反射峰值与叶绿素吸收峰值之差均呈下降趋势,一阶导数谱710nm附近平顶斜率由正值变为负值,逐渐变小。反射光谱的这种变化规律可用以遥感探查赤松林下重金属矿藏。 相似文献
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重金属铜污染植被光谱响应特征研究 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11
重金属铜污染植被的反射光谱特性会发生明显改变。在本研究中,采用不同程度的铜污染土壤作为培养基质,选择春小麦、上海青两种农作物进行铜胁迫实验,获取了4个不同生育期、10个不同铜污染强度下的植被叶片的反射光谱,并采用铜污染叶片7个特征波段和光谱角的方法研究了铜污染叶片的光谱特征。结果表明,铜污染叶片光谱差异与作物时期和作物类型有关,可以采用叶片光谱角描述铜污染叶片与健康叶片的光谱差异。该方法只需与阈值做简单的比较,方法简便易行,而且对轻度及重度铜污染十分敏感。叶片光谱辐射传输模型反演结果表明铜污染叶片内部结构参数N明显变大,这也证明了铜污染使叶片内部结构更加散乱无序。在此基础上进一步建立了N与红肩处反射率值的线性关系,相关系数为0.978。本文为铜污染叶片光谱反射模型的建立提供了初步的数据基础与理论支持。 相似文献
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基于主成分分析和BP神经网络的法国梧桐叶绿素含量高光谱反演研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
利用ASD便携式野外光谱仪和SPAD-502叶绿素计实测了落叶阔叶树法国梧桐叶片的高光谱反射率与叶片绿度,并对原始光谱反射率及一阶导数光谱与叶片绿度进行了相关分析;综合分析了10个常见光谱植被指数与法国梧桐叶绿素含量的相关性与预测性;最后利用主成分分析对光谱数据进行降维,将得到的主成分得分作为BP人工神经网络模型的输入变量进行了法国梧桐叶绿素含量的估算。结果表明:法国梧桐的叶片反射光谱数据与叶绿素含量的相关性在可见光区域显著,导数光谱数据在绿黄光区和红光区的部分波段与叶绿素含量的相关系数大于对应波段光谱反射率与叶绿素含量的相关关系。在所列举的10个常用植被指数中归一化植被指数与叶绿素含量的关系最密切,相关系数达到了0.7957。主成分分析的BP神经网络模型可以容纳更多的波段信息进行叶绿素含量的估算,预测值与实测值之间的线性回归的确定性系数R2为0.9883,是一种良好的植被叶绿素含量高光谱反演模式。 相似文献
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基于经验模型的Hyperion数据植被叶绿素含量反演 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对于反演植被叶绿素含量而言,基于Hyperion等高光谱传感器数据、利用经验方法建模是一种快速准确的方法。利用多种植被的实测数据以及Hyperion模拟数据,分析植被反射率及其变化形式与叶绿素含量的相关性,并进一步针对红边参数、植被指数等分析植被反射率与叶绿素含量的关系,选取最准确的经验建模方法。经过对比,改进的简单比值指数(modified simple ratio,MSR)与叶绿素含量相关性最高,其回归模型能比较准确地反演出叶绿素含量。通过Hyperion图像、利用MSR指数与实测叶绿素含量得到回归模型,建立区域叶绿素含量分布图;并对张掖地区植被叶绿素含量进行了反演,反演结果具有较高精度,相对误差低于5%。 相似文献
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采用小区实验与大田应用相结合的方法, 依据扬州实验小区地面实测拔节期、抽穗期及灌浆期的水稻叶片、冠层光谱及氮和叶绿素含量, 采用光谱吸收特征和植被指数分析方法, 得到估算水稻氮和叶绿素含量的最佳光谱特征参数; 结合覆盖江苏姜堰地区大田的Hyperion高光谱遥感影像, 建立反演水稻冠层氮和叶绿素含量的模型, 对研究区大田水稻冠层氮和叶绿素含量进行了反演及制图。结果表明: 经波深中心归一化方法分析, 发现以670nm为中心的光谱吸收特征面积与水稻氮含量呈显著相关性; 基于反转归一化光谱, 结合560nm和670nm两个波段, 建立的植被指数NDVI560_670能很好地反演水稻叶绿素含量。 相似文献
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本文分析了高光谱反射率及红边位置与叶片绿度的相关性,建立了基于敏感波段和红边位置的叶绿素估算模型。通过对不同叶绿素含量高光谱曲线特征的分析,提出了基于高光谱曲线峰度和偏度的叶绿素估算新思路,并分别建立基于原始光谱560-760nm波段和一阶导数光谱660-760nm波段对应峰度、偏度的叶绿素反演模型。结果表明,法国梧桐、无花果和白毛杨基于敏感波段的叶绿素含量反演模型的拟合度,与传统估算模型相比,本文提出的新估算模型可以明显提高高光谱反演叶绿素含量的能力。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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SVG是一种基于XML的用来描述二维矢量图形和矢量/栅格混合图形的标记语言,虽然SVG不是为了面向地理空间数据发布而制定的标准,但它的许多特性都能被广泛地应用到WebGIS中,从而实现矢量WebGIS。由于SVG通过简单的文本语句描述矢量图像,所以SVG通常数据量很小,并且SVG支持GZIP压缩,所以基于SVG构建WebGIS能减轻网络传输负载,加快地图显示速度。SVG内置了对JavaScript的支持,且SVG可通过DOM解析映像成内存中的树型结构,所以客户层可通过JavaScript对DOM的操作实现对地图的缩放、漫游、查询、图层控制等交互操作。 相似文献
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本文在讨论DDE技术的基础上,对MapInfo的DDE机制的实现作了探讨和分析。根据技园区域GIS的实际开发工作,介绍了利用DDE技术在MapInfo中成功地集成Foxpro和Autocad. 相似文献
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遥感技术在土地利用动态监测中的应用 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
金时华 《测绘与空间地理信息》2006,29(1):98-101
主要论述遥感技术在土地监测中的应用,以某地区土地利用动态遥感监测研究项目的运作过程为例进行阐述。首先介绍了土地利用动态监测的具体内容和技术路线。其次,对数据预处理与信息采集的方法与手段进行了探讨。最后,对作业的内、外业主要过程以及应提交的成果作了介绍。 相似文献
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地理数据库的关系模型及其实现 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4~9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。 相似文献
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Automatic 3D extraction of building roofs from remotely sensed data is important for many applications including city modelling. This paper proposes a new method for automatic 3D roof extraction through an effective integration of LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data and multispectral orthoimagery. Using the ground height from a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), the raw LIDAR points are separated into two groups. The first group contains the ground points that are exploited to constitute a ‘ground mask’. The second group contains the non-ground points which are segmented using an innovative image line guided segmentation technique to extract the roof planes. The image lines are extracted from the grey-scale version of the orthoimage and then classified into several classes such as ‘ground’, ‘tree’, ‘roof edge’ and ‘roof ridge’ using the ground mask and colour and texture information from the orthoimagery. During segmentation of the non-ground LIDAR points, the lines from the latter two classes are used as baselines to locate the nearby LIDAR points of the neighbouring planes. For each plane a robust seed region is thereby defined using the nearby non-ground LIDAR points of a baseline and this region is iteratively grown to extract the complete roof plane. Finally, a newly proposed rule-based procedure is applied to remove planes constructed on trees. Experimental results show that the proposed method can successfully remove vegetation and so offers high extraction rates. 相似文献
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遥感和GIS技术应用于伊拉克南部Basrah省土地利用/覆盖变化及城市扩张研究(英文) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In recent years, land use/cover dynamic change has become a key subject that needs to be dealt with in the study of global
environmental change. In this paper, remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are integrated to monitor, map,
and quantify the land use/cover change in the southern part of Iraq (Basrah Province was taken as a case) by using a 1:250
000 mapping scale. Remote sensing and GIS software were used to classify Landsat TM in 1990 and Landsat ETM+ in 2003 imagery
into five land use and land cover (LULC) classes: vegetation, sand, urban area, unused land, and water bodies. Supervised
classification and normalized difference build-up index (NDBI) were used respectively to retrieve its urban boundary. An accuracy
assessment was performed on the 2003 LULC map to determine the reliability of the map. Finally, GIS software was used to quantify
and illustrate the various LULC conversions that took place over the 13-year span of time. Results showed that the urban area
had increased by the rate of 1.2% per year, with area expansion from 3 299.1 km2 in 1990 to 3 794.9 km2 in 2003. Large vegetation area in the north and southeast were converted into urban construction land. The land use/cover
changes of Basrah Province were mainly caused by rapid development of the urban economy and population immigration from the
countryside. In addition, the former government policy of “returning farmland to transportation and huge expansion in military
camps” was the major driving force for vegetation land change. The paper concludes that remote sensing and GIS can be used
to create LULC maps. It also notes that the maps generated can be used to delineate the changes that take place over time.
Supported by the Al-Basrah University, Iraq, the Geo-information Science and Technology Program (No. IRT 0438)China). 相似文献
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随着城市面貌日新月异,地下管网的建设也在持续推进,作为城市的地下“神经网络”,全天24 h保障城市的正常运转和发展。本文以实现城市管网管理系统的高可用、无插件、智能化为目标,采用“地上地下一体”“二三维一体”的设计理念,研究基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的关键技术,实现了管线设施管理的信息数字化、空间化与图形化。 相似文献
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采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的
污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体
污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。 相似文献