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以江苏省东山镇为例,对利用GIS技术估算洪水淹没损失的方法进行了研究,提出了以1：10000地形图数字化数据作为建立DEM的原始数据,对不同区域按不同等高距内插加密提高DEM精确度,通过Supermap栅格计算功能计算洪水淹没范围和淹没深度,并根据居民经验和调查、统计所得的损失率估算洪水淹没损失的方法。 相似文献
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王子正 《测绘与空间地理信息》2012,(6):166-169
利用美国宇航局提供的MODIS产品中的GPP,通过ERDAS软件投影转换、影像裁切等功能,采用光能利用率模型估算区域GPP,NPP,NEP,并与GIS结合,实现各级氧气生产量的空间表达和总量计算。本文以哈尔滨市为例,研究2008年哈尔滨市区域氧气生产量。提出的估算氧气方法在此类研究中尚属首次,为区域氧气生产量的估算提出了新的研究思路,同时为评价人类生活环境质量提供了依据。 相似文献
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建筑密度是城市规划布局的一个重要指标。为了提高建筑密度的获取效率,本文提出一种结合珞珈一号数据和OSM数据的估算城市建筑密度的方法。基于珞珈一号数据,文中以固定大小的网格为单位采样分析了昆明市呈贡区灯光强度和建筑密度的拟合关系;基于OSM数据,利用GIS提取分析、数学分析等方法去除道路灯光对估算结果的影响。然后利用非线性拟合模型估算了昆明市呈贡区的建筑密度,得到其空间分布情况;并验证分析了估算模型的精度。结果表明,昆明市呈贡区的建筑密度与夜间灯光强度有较高的相关性,可以结合珞珈一号夜光影像数据和OSM道路数据估算城区的建筑密度。 相似文献
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利用遥感数据模拟基于居民地的人口空间分布,须解决两大难题：①居民地类型、面积、位置的精确获取;②居民地类型、面积与人口数量间的关系。本文根据地理意义和数学意义,对经典的城市人口-面积异速生长模型进行扩展,推导出城乡人口-面积统一模型。进而以松原市为例,以1∶5万地形图为辅助数据,建立居民地分类体系,利用ETM影像提取居民地信息,在以上模型的基础上采用“城乡人口分割”算法模拟城乡人口的空间分布。本研究方法可为中尺度人口分布的理论与应用研究借鉴。 相似文献
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顾及城乡差异的大区域人口密度估算——以山东省为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
现有大区域人口密度估算结果大多是在千米级尺度上,仅能宏观地反映城乡人口分布的范围,无法准确地刻画城乡人口空间分布的细节特征。本文将首套30m全球地表覆盖数据(GlobeLand30)引入城乡人口密度估算中,基于实现城乡划分的GlobeLand30人造地表数据,在城镇区域运用夜间灯光强度与人口的相关性将城镇人口细划到30m尺度上来估算城镇人口密度;在乡村区域引入样方估算的方法修正乡村居民地面积以估算乡村人口密度。以山东省为试验区的研究表明,本文方法无论在城乡居民地刻画还是人口空间分布的表达上均优于参考数据,所使用的GlobeLand30的全球性也保证了该方法推广的可行性。 相似文献
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地理信息系统(GIS)技术强大的空间分析与属性数据处理能力,使得GIS技术被越来越多地应用于房产估价行业,然而,二维GIS技术难以表达具有大量空间属性信息的房产数据.本文首先利用倾斜摄影测量技术获取影像数据,依据影像数据生产城市区域的实景三维模型,然后采用三维GIS空间分析,通过对城市实景三维模型进行景观分析,获取对房产估价有重要影响的景观可视范围的量化信息,从而为房产估价提供了更为直观、科学、准确及立体化的数据支撑. 相似文献
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Xiaoxiao Wang 《地球空间信息科学学报》2008,11(4):308-310
Geographic information Systems （GiS） is being widely applied to official construction activities nowadays. This technique can not only display graphs for each spatial data displayed, but also provide a broad prediction and decision tool. The purpose of this paper is to describe the capabilities of GIS application in building a new parking facility in the city of East Lansing through wide analysis of the surrounding data. The results are displayed in maps and graphs. Finally, the recommendation area is selected using three criteria： proximity to the downtown area; the degree of VACANT; and distance from all buffers. 相似文献
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胡晓娟 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,(4)
兰州新区自2012年8月被确定为国家级新区之后便开始了大规模的城市建设。本文从绿地/水面覆盖情况、道路通行能力、公园服务能力、居住适宜性分析等方面,基于地理国情普查数据,对兰州新区建成区内的城市人居环境建设效果进行了分析与评价。 相似文献
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Serkan Ural Ejaz Hussain Jie Shan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
Geospatial distribution of population at a scale of individual buildings is needed for analysis of people's interaction with their local socio-economic and physical environments. High resolution aerial images are capable of capturing urban complexities and considered as a potential source for mapping urban features at this fine scale. This paper studies population mapping for individual buildings by using aerial imagery and other geographic data. Building footprints and heights are first determined from aerial images, digital terrain and surface models. City zoning maps allow the classification of the buildings as residential and non-residential. The use of additional ancillary geographic data further filters residential utility buildings out of the residential area and identifies houses and apartments. In the final step, census block population, which is publicly available from the U.S. Census, is disaggregated and mapped to individual residential buildings. This paper proposes a modified building population mapping model that takes into account the effects of different types of residential buildings. Detailed steps are described that lead to the identification of residential buildings from imagery and other GIS data layers. Estimated building populations are evaluated per census block with reference to the known census records. This paper presents and evaluates the results of building population mapping in areas of West Lafayette, Lafayette, and Wea Township, all in the state of Indiana, USA. 相似文献
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In Malaysia, the endemic level of dengue fever (DF) has already changed morbidity indicators, and the magnitude of these incidences in the last few years has surpassed the incidences of all other diseases of compulsory notification. The reasons for the dramatic emergence of DF are complex and not well understood. There are many factors that contribute to the epidemiological conditions that favour viral transmission by the main mosquito vector. This study, therefore, is filling this gap by analysing the impact of dengue incidence at a local (Subang Jaya) scale using environmental factors. Meteorological data and land-use pattern were consolidated using geographic information system (GIS) and its components as an analytical tool. We have shown that weather variables (relative humidity, temperature and precipitation) have significant correlation with DF incidence with seasonal variation. Besides land-use pattern, DF incidence shows the higher distribution in the residential area, followed by commercial and industrial area. This is due to the higher population density in residential area as well as favourable places for the breeding of dengue-carrying Aedes mosquitos created by humans in the residential area, especially one-storey houses. The analysis on the trends of DF incidence towards various housing types indicate that most of the victims’ houses fall into interconnection houses and mixed houses types compared to the independent houses area. The outcome driven from this analysis suggested that each character of the environmental factors has their own risk towards dengue incidence. In line with that, it is possible to develop a dynamic model of DF transmission using the knowledge produced by this comprehensive time series data and the results provided by the different analyses. 相似文献
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针对现有职住空间关系的研究难以在微观维度上有效促进大城市职住功能空间的均衡发展以及规划政策与现状发展存在的时序错位问题,该文以北京市为例,从房屋建筑使用用途的角度切入,运用空间自相关分析模型、热点分析模型和职住用地比三个评价方法,同时借用ArcGIS软件平台进行空间分析与可视化表达,探究北京职住空间在乡镇尺度下的组织特征。研究发现:北京市职住空间表现为聚类分布的空间格局特征,以首都功能核心区为中心,大致呈现出环状圈层分布,北京市职住空间的“热点区”在空间分布上存在差异,而“冷点区”在空间分布上基本相同,职住空间关系存在失衡,与规划目标存在一定的偏差。提出的研究方法从微观维度分析了城市职住空间的组织特征,促进了城市规划与发展时序的有效结合,可在特大城市的职住空间关系的研究中进行推广应用。 相似文献
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Prem Chhetri Robert Stimson Jim Cooper Jonathan Corcoran Martin Bell David Pullar 《Transactions in GIS》2007,11(4):597-619
This article presents a GIS‐based methodology to integrate a measure of geographic attractiveness of localities in the process of allocating potential dwellings in the context of a large urban region. The methodology was developed for a study area in Brisbane‐South East Queensland (SEQ), known as the Sunbelt Region, a rapidly growing region and a popular tourist destination in Australia. In this article, we have used a multivariate technique to develop a set of parameterised linear equations to define underlying dimensions that drive residential location decision choices. Aesthetic and accessibility factors were identified in the factor analysis from data collected via a survey of Quality of Life. Spatial measures were based on a combination of network distance and kernel density estimation to calculate ‘aesthetic’ and ‘accessibility’ scenarios, which were then overlaid and multiplied by their subjective weights to create an ‘overall attractiveness scenario’. These development scenarios were integrated as a set of criteria to control the allocation of potential dwelling capacity over the next 25 years at a grid cell level. 相似文献
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Incorporating GIS data into an agent-based model to support planning policy making for the development of creative industries 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper presents an extension to the agent-based model “Creative Industries Development–Urban Spatial Structure Transformation” by incorporating GIS data. Three agent classes, creative firms, creative workers and urban government, are considered in the model, and the spatial environment represents a set of GIS data layers (i.e. road network, key housing areas, land use). With the goal to facilitate urban policy makers to draw up policies locally and optimise the land use assignment in order to support the development of creative industries, the improved model exhibited its capacity to assist the policy makers conducting experiments and simulating different policy scenarios to see the corresponding dynamics of the spatial distributions of creative firms and creative workers across time within a city/district. The spatiotemporal graphs and maps record the simulation results and can be used as a reference by the policy makers to adjust land use plans adaptively at different stages of the creative industries’ development process. 相似文献
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一种多比例尺GIS方案及其数据模型 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14
提出了一种分层分级分区式多比例尺GIS方案，在提出的空间数据模型基础上，按照地图综合方法，发展了适合本文方案的多比例尺GIS空间数据模型，并通过试验说明了新方案及其模型的正确性和可行性，讨论了实施中几种情况的解决办法。 相似文献
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XIAO Lebin ZHONG Ershun LIU Jiyuan SONG Guanfuassociate researcher Institute of Geographic Sciences Natural Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Datun Road Anwai Beijing China. 《地球空间信息科学学报》2002,5(3):19-25
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在分析了沈阳市农村居民点空间分布特点的基础上,应用MapInfo平台开发基于GIS的农村居民点管理系统,提出了系统设计目标、要求等,介绍了系统的结构、数据流程,以及系统的部分功能,对关键功能的实现给出了MapBasic源程序。 相似文献