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基于MODIS数据的上海市热岛效应研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用2003～2005年EOS／MODIS数据，运用分裂窗算法定量反演了上海市地表温度，以间接反映城市热岛的变化规律。研究表明，上海市冬季地表平均最高温度为13．9℃，春季、夏季和秋季分别为32．5℃、45．7℃和29．0℃；地表相对高温区的分布具有明显的季节变化特征，冬季地表相对高温区分布在市区东南方向，春季、夏季地表相对高温区向西北方向移动，秋季地表相对高温区开始向东南方向收缩；冬季市区表现为弱冷岛中心，春季、夏季和秋季均为热岛中心，其中夏季的热岛效应最为显著；冬季弱冷岛中心的地面温度低于郊区温度2．6℃，春季、夏季和秋季的平均热岛强度分别为5．7℃、10．4℃和4．2℃。 相似文献
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基于MODIS数据的上海市热岛效应的遥感研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对2000,2005,2011年MODIS L1B数据,采用分裂窗算法定量反演了上海市地表温度,对上海市的热岛空间分布特征及规律,以及季节变化进行研究,分析了植被覆盖指数与地表温度之间的关系。研究结果表明,从2000年到2011年的11年间,上海高温区面积出现先增大后减小的过程。从高温区的四季分布来看,冬季高温区出现面积最小,而春夏高温区的面积最大,约占整个上海面积的一半。上海的春夏秋3季,植被指数与地面温度呈负相关关系,且相关系数大于0.6。因此可以通过增加绿化面积来减缓上海城市热岛效应。 相似文献
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杭州湾南岸城市群热岛效应研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以杭州湾南岸城市群为研究区,选取1990、2000和2011年3期Landsat-5 TM遥感影像进行地表温度反演,并采用密度分割法对反演的地表温度影像进行等级划分,对比分析各个时期地表温度分布的空间规律。再提取研究区山地以外的平坦区域,对前后不同时期的地表温度做差值运算,分析地表温度随时间的升降变化。最后提取研究区内的城市建成区,通过计算各时期的热岛比例指数来分析各城市热岛强度的变化情况。 相似文献
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随着城市的快速发展,城市热岛效应越来越重要。本文利用环境卫星数据,以西安市和兰州市为例,通过对河谷与平原城市的热岛效应差异进行初探,发现在两个研究区的市区内部,其热岛分布特征与已有研究的热岛分布特征一致。但就整个研究区而言,西安市的热岛主要分布在城区,兰州市则主要分布在郊区。分别对西安和兰州的地表温度与NDVI进行了相关性分析,发现西安市的地表温度与水体指数呈非线性相关,而兰州市则呈线性相关。 相似文献
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应用定量遥感揭示武汉市热岛强度在不同季节和不同年份的时空格局演变.首先,选取2002年(1月,3月,7月,10月)及2000年,2004年,2010年7景ETM数据反演地表温度;其次,经热岛强度指数归一化地温数据,使数据间更具可对比性.对比2002年不同季节地温反演数据,分析武汉市热岛强度在不同季节的变化情况及形成原因.比较2000年,2004年,2010年三个不同年份地温数据,探讨热岛强度年际时空格局演变,建立LST与ndvi、城市热岛强度与水域面积间的相关关系,分析武汉市城区多年ndvi均值以及水域面积的时间变化趋势.结果显示:武汉市城市热岛强度存在明显的季节差异;年际热岛强度空间演变格局表现为以沿江地带为中心,以西北和东南两个方向为主向外延展;LST同ndvi呈负相关关系,其中ndvi值下降0.1,则地表温度上升约1.4℃;热岛强度同城市内水域面积大小亦呈负相关;对比分析了城区多年植被覆盖及水体面积变化趋势,总结出绿地等植被覆盖面积逐渐减小及湖泊面积逐步萎缩是造成武汉城市热岛强度增强的主要因素. 相似文献
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基于MODIS的2001年—2012年北京热岛足迹及容量动态监测 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
利用2001年—2012年MODIS分裂窗算法反演得到的1 km分辨率地表温度产品分析了北京城市热岛效应。首先计算北京2001年—2012年地表温度年平均值,其次利用半径法确定热岛足迹并计算热岛容量。结论如下:(1)热岛足迹及热岛容量昼夜差异明显,2012年白天热岛足迹是夜间的1.5倍,这是由于城市下垫面热特性差异及人为活动的综合影响。(2)2001年—2012年北京城市高温区在空间上向南北扩展,热岛足迹和热岛容量呈阶段性增长。2010年白天热岛足迹最大,半径为28 km,面积是2001年的2.4倍。当热岛足迹相同时,城市绿地和水体功能区的分布和布局方式等因素能够影响热岛容量。城市建设用地和农村居民点对城市热环境贡献率明显高于其他土地利用类型。当建设用地面积比例超过50%时,区域会产生显著的热岛现象。(3)根据北京热岛足迹及容量时空动态变化特征,提出改善城市热岛的措施。 相似文献
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杭州市城市建筑区夏季地表温度特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以浙江省杭州市为研究对象,选择Landsat-8遥感数据和Jiménez-Muoz单通道算法进行地表温度遥感反演,同时结合地理国情数据分类结果数据,对杭州市城市建筑区域地表温度进行综合分析。通过反演的地表温度结果和区域统计分析,得出了杭州市2016夏季地表温度的空间分布特征。结果表明:杭州市城区部分的拱墅区、下城区、江干区、上城区和滨江区等区域,城市建筑温度整体较高;余杭区中部、萧山区中部和东北部、西湖区北部区域城市建筑温度较高;城区西部建筑区域温度相对较低。地表温度的极大值出现在拱墅区,为55.64℃;极小值出现在余杭区,为25.68℃。 相似文献
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针对城市及周边区域建造区和自然地表交织分布的特点,探讨了利用归一化植被指数(NDVI)和归一化建造指数(NDBI)构造趋势面的地表温度(LST)降尺度方法,以北京市市区及周边较平坦区域为例实现了LST自960 m向120 m的降尺度转换。分析了LST空间分布特征及NDVI、NDBI对地物的指示性特征;以北京市四至六环为界分析NDVI、NDBI趋势面对地表温度的拟合程度及各自的适用区域;在120 m、240 m、480 m和960 m 4个尺度上评价了NDVI、NDBI和NDVI+NDBI趋势面对LST的拟合程度和趋势面转换函数的尺度效应;对NDVI、NDBI和NDVI NDBI等3种方法的降尺度结果分覆盖类型、分区域对比评价。实验结果表明结合两种光谱指数的NDVI NDBI方法降尺度转换精度有所改善,改善程度取决于地表覆盖类型组合。 相似文献
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Spatiotemporal changes of urban impervious surface area and land surface temperature in Beijing from 1990 to 2014 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study examined changes in urban expansion and land surface temperature in Beijing between 1990 and 2014 using multitemporal TM, ETM+, and OLI images, and evaluated the relationship between percent impervious surface area (%ISA) and relative mean annual surface temperature (RMAST). From 1990 to 2001, both internal land transformation and outward expansion were observed. In the central urban area, the high-density urban areas decreased by almost 7 km2, while the moderate- and high-density urban land areas increased by 250 and 90 km2, respectively, outside of the third ring road. From 2001 to 2014, high-density urban areas between the fifth and sixth ring roads experienced the greatest increase by more than 210 km2, and RMAST generally increased with %ISA. During 1990–2001 and 2001–2014, RMAST increased by more than 1.5 K between the south third and fifth ring roads, and %ISA increased by more than 50% outside of the fifth ring road. These trends in urban expansion and RMAST over the last two decades in Beijing can provide useful information for urban planning decisions. 相似文献
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JIANG Zhangyan CHEN Yunhao LI Jing 《地球空间信息科学学报》2006,9(4):293-297
IntroductionThe scientists have begun to retrieve land sur-face temperature (LST) fromsatellite data sincethe launch of TIROS-Ⅱin 60s of the 20th centu-ry . With the development of remote sensingtechnology and its application, more and moreLST retrieval … 相似文献
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Area Delineation and Spatial-Temporal Dynamics of Urban Heat Island in Lanzhou City,China Using Remote Sensing Imagery 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Jinghu Pan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2016,44(1):111-127
One of the key impacts of rapid urbanization on the environment is the effect of urban heat island (UHI). By using the Landsat TM/ETM+ thermal infrared remote sensing data of 1993, 2001 and 2011 to retrieve the land surface temperature (LST) of Lanzhou City, and by adopting object-oriented fractal net evolution approach (FNEA) to make image segmentation of the LST, the UHI elements were extracted. The G* index spatial aggregation analysis was made to calculate the urban heat island ratio index (URI), and the landscape metrics were used to quantify the changes of the spatial pattern of the UHI from the aspects of quantity, shape and structure. The impervious surface distribution and vegetation coverage were extracted by a constrained linear spectral mixture model to explore the relationships of the impervious surface distribution and vegetation coverage with the UHI. The information of urban built-up area was extracted by using UBI (NDBI-NDVI) index, and the effects of urban expansion on city thermal environment were quantitatively analyzed, with the URI and the LST grade maps built. In recent 20 years, the UHI effect in Lanzhou City was strengthened, with the URI increased by 1.4 times. The urban expansion had a spatiotemporal consistency with the UHI expansion. The patch number and density of the UHI landscape were increased, the patch shape and the whole landscape tended to be complex, the landscape became more fragmented, and the landscape connectivity was decreased. The heat island strength had a negative linear correlation with the urban vegetation coverage, and a positive logarithmic correlation with the urban impervious surface coverage. 相似文献
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Land surface temperature (LST) of Beijing area was retrieved from Landsat TM thermal band data utilizing a radiative transfer equation and the urban heat island (HUI) effects of Beijing and its relationship with land cover and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were discussed. The result of LST showed that the urban LST was evidently higher than the suburban one. The average urban LST was found to 4. 5°C and 9°C higher than the suburban and outer suburban temperature, respectively, which demonstrated the prominent UHI effects in Beijing. Prominent negative correlation between LST and NDVI was found in the urban area, which suggested the low percent vegetation cover in the urban area was the main cause of the urban heat island. 相似文献
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随着经济的快速发展,城市内部空间结构不断优化。识别城市功能区空间分布及其相互作用规律,对于把握城市空间结构以及制定科学合理的规划具有重要意义。采用重尾打断分类法和核密度聚类法对兴趣点（points of interest,POI）进行分析,识别城市功能区,并结合出租车轨迹数据进行时空挖掘,定量分析典型城市功能区交通吸引规律及其相互作用强度和方向。以北京市五环内主城区为例进行分析,可得:①该方法可以识别典型功能区西单、国贸、中关村是以商业为主的混合城市功能区,望京是以居住为主的混合功能区,且居民通勤出行特征明显;②国贸对自身的引力较强（39.4%）,说明国贸区域城市功能更加齐全;③典型功能区对居民出行距离范围内的区域吸引力随着距离的增加而减弱,符合经验认知和地理空间衰减规律。结果表明,利用POI和移动大数据采用重尾打断分类法和核密度聚类法进行城市功能区识别与分析是可行和有效的。 相似文献
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北京环线建设驱动的土地利用变化遥感检测与分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
近年来,北京市的环线建设大大改进了北京的交通状况,促进了环线周边的商业发展和房地产开发的繁荣,同时也带来了环线周边地区的土地利用的变更。在“科技奥运”科技攻关项目和在研自然科学基金项目的支撑下,选择了1988,1994,2001和2003年5—6月份的TM数据,在影像经过几何校正和辐射归一化校正后对其应用高精度的自组织神经网络分类和利用高分辨率的航空照片验证;在分类数据和变更信息的基础上,采用了空间自相关分析模型、频率指数模型和潜力模型分别对北京各种用地类型的频率指数和建设用地的Moran系数和Geary系数,以及城市增长的潜力指她进行计算。一系列计算显示了环线驱动的北京市土地利用变化情况。结果表明:在环线建设的驱动下,北京市的建设用地围绕环线呈快速增长趋势;绿地面积在四环、五环的环线一带也呈增加趋势;城市增长潜力从四环到六环呈逐渐增大趋势。 相似文献
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The urban heat island (UHI) is increasingly recognized as a serious, worldwide problem because of urbanization and climate change. Urban vegetation is capable of alleviating UHI and improving urban environment by shading together with evapotranspiration. While the impacts of abundance and spatial configuration of vegetation on land surface temperature (LST) have been widely examined, very little attention has been paid to the role of vertical structure of vegetation in regulating LST. In this study, we investigated the relationships between horizontal/vertical structure characteristics of urban tree canopy and LST as well as diurnal divergence in Nanjing City, China, with the help of high resolution vegetation map, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data and various statistical analysis methods. The results indicated that composition, configuration and vertical structure of tree canopy were all significantly related to both daytime LST and nighttime LST. Tree canopy showed stronger influence on LST during the day than at night. Note that the contribution of composition of tree canopy to explaining spatial heterogeneity of LST, regardless of day and night, was the highest, followed by vertical structure and configuration. Combining composition, configuration and vertical structure of tree canopy can take advantage of their respective advantages, and best explain variation in both daytime LST and nighttime LST. As for the independent importance of factors affecting spatial variation of LST, percent cover of tree canopy (PLAND), mean tree canopy height (TH_Mean), amplitude of tree canopy height (TA) and patch cohesion index (COHESION) were the most influential during the day, while the most important variables were PLAND, maximum height of tree canopy (TH_Max), variance of tree canopy height (TH_SD) and COHESION at night. This research extends our understanding of the impacts of urban trees on the UHI effect from the horizontal to three-dimensional space. In addition, it may offer sustainable and effective strategies for urban designers and planners to cope with increasing temperature. 相似文献
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Dušan Jovanović Miro Govedarica Filip Sabo Dubravka Sladić Aleksandar Ristić 《国际地球制图》2015,30(5):483-505
Main objective of this study was to establish a relationship between land cover and land surface temperature (LST) in urban and rural areas. The research was conducted using Landsat, WorldView-2 (WV-2) and Digital Mapping Camera. Normalised difference vegetation index and normalised difference built-up index were used for establishing the relation between built-up area, vegetation cover and LST for spatial resolution of 30 m. Impervious surface and vegetation area generated from Digital Mapping Camera from Intergraph and WV-2 were used to establish the relation between built-up area, vegetation cover and LST for spatial resolutions of 0.1, 0.5 and 30 m. Linear regression models were used to determine the relationship between LST and indicators. Main contribution of this research is to establish the use of combining remote sensing sensors with different spectral and spatial resolution for two typical settlements in Vojvodina. Correlation coefficients between LST and LST indicators ranged from 0.602 to 0.768. 相似文献
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Mohamed E. Hereher 《国际地球制图》2017,32(5):556-568
Cairo region is characterized by a range of physiographic features, including: flat agricultural lands, bare sandy deserts, highlands, calcareous terrains and urban land use. A time series data-set (300 images) acquired from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer for the period July 2002–June 2015 were utilized to retrieve the spatial variations in the mean land surface temperature (LST) for the above-mentioned surface features. Results showed that vegetation, topography and surface albedo have negative correlations with LST. Vegetation/LST correlation has the maximum regression coefficient (R2 = 0.68) and albedo/LST has the minimum (R2 = 0.03). Cultivated lands reveal the lowest mean LST (<32 °C), whereas industrial lands exhibit the highest LST (>40 °C) of Cairo region. There is a considerable urban heat island formed at Helwan south of Cairo, where heavy industries are settled. Industrial activities raised the mean LST of the region by at least 4 °C than the surrounding urban lands. 相似文献