共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 812 毫秒
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《测绘地理信息》2020,(3)
为加强对辽宁省海岸线分形分维的认识与理解,以2017年辽宁省调查统计岸线为基础数据,采用网格法计算了辽宁省及其沿海6市海岸线的分形维数,对其几何学特征和空间分布规律进行了研究。结果表明:辽宁全省及沿海丹东、大连、营口、盘锦、锦州和葫芦岛6市调查统计岸线具有分形性质,分维遵循分形地貌学中的合并原理,分维值分别为1.143 1、1.108 5、1.163 4、1.116 1、1.110 3、1.105 4和1.101 3。沿岸用海活动改变了原有岸线的自然形态,一定程度上导致辽宁全省及沿海各市海岸线的分维值都有所增加,其中盘锦市、营口市海岸线的分形维数变化最大,大连市海岸线分形维数变化最小。 相似文献
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海岛岸线遥感立体测图精细测量方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
提出了一种海岛岸线遥感测图精细测量新方法,该方法直接基于理论定义的海岸线,利用航空影像瞬时水涯线数据在立体测图环境中提取瞬时水位高程;利用海岛周边精密海潮模型和瞬时水位高程推算海岛岸线高程;最后依据海岛岸线高程,采用立体测图方法测制海岛岸线的平面位置。该方法确保了海岛岸线成果的唯一性和连续性,适合大比例尺的大陆海岸线和海岛岸线测量。测试结果显示,在较高精度海潮模型和海面地形支持下,海岛岸线高程精度优于0.2 m,可满足1：2000测图要求。 相似文献
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海岸线位置的确定是海岸带测绘的重要内容,利用遥感手段监测海岸线位置变化,对海岸带监测管理具有重大意义。阈值法和边缘检测法提取海岸线面临着阈值较难选择,同时面向对象分类提取岸线易出现养殖区与泥砂岸滩混分。为此,提出了边缘检测参与多尺度分割,再面向对象分类提取海岸线的方法,避免了人为设定阈值和部分区域混分问题。利用全国海岸带开发利用变化监测海岸线作为参考岸线,对提取岸线的完整度、正确度、质量进行匹配。结果表明,该方法提取海岸线精度较高,提取岸线与参考岸线在两个像元半径内的完整度和正确度达92%以上。 相似文献
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基于RS和GIS技术对铁山港地区4个时期的Landsat卫星遥感数据进行处理,分析岸线特征,提取海岸线,研究该区海岸线近20年来(1987年～2006年)的变化特征。结果显示:研究区海岸线总体处于向海推进状态,其变化主要受人为因素影响。岸线变化的主要表现在铁山港与丹兜海湾顶两侧,以养殖开发、港口码头建设为主。 相似文献
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《北京测绘》2019,(6)
随着国家海洋战略的发展,各个地区对沿海地带的开发不断深入,使得海岸线处于不断发展变化之中,研究海岸线的变迁过程有利于监测和保护海岸带的资源与环境,为沿海城市对海岸的开发提供科学依据。因此本文以山东半岛为研究对象,对海岸线的长度,陆域面积和演变过程的动态变化进行分析,通过目视解译和计算机分类对比的方法,对1986、1996、2006和2016年的海岸线数据进行提取,研究发现:(1)1986-2016年30年间山东半岛的海岸线长度总体呈增长趋势,共增长315km,其中2006年到2016年的海岸线增长最快,新增岸线占原海岸线的10%;(2)海岸线变化使陆域面积也不断增加,1986-1996年面积增了309.367km2,1996-2006年面积增加332.082km2,2006-2016年面积增加611.607km2,由面积变化可以看出海岸线的移动趋势是向海移动;(3)海岸线分布以基岩岸线为主,东营地区的黄河口处受侵蚀淤积作用,海岸线变化显著,烟青威地区受蓝色经济区建立的影响,养殖区增加,盐田减少,海岸线由自然岸线逐渐向人工岸线变化,砂质岸线分布地区人工码头和港口等建设较多。 相似文献
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程少强 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(2):196-198
海岸线适时修测是开展各项海洋管理工作的基础.根据海岸线的定义和海岸线修测的要求,研究探讨大陆海岸线的修测技术方法,分析海岸线位置,对推动海洋事业发展、保障自然岸线保有率,都具有十分重要的意义. 相似文献
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利用元胞自动机模型和蒙特卡罗方法,确定元胞转换规则,构建了一套基于黄河三角洲地区的岸线冲淤演变预测模型,并结合泥沙遥感反演结果和历年遥感图像数据分析近几年岸线演变情况,把开源QGIS作为二次开发平台,构建了黄河三角洲岸线演变预测系统。该系统具有数据管理、地图管理、海岸线预测、数据查询和用户登录等五大功能模块,实现了黄河三角洲海岸线的可视化管理及准确预测。 相似文献
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2000～2009年江苏沿海海岸线变迁与滩涂围垦分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用2000年3月1日、2003年2月6日、2006年9月18日和2009年10月17日4个时相的遥感影像对江苏盐城-南通段海岸线多年来的变迁进行了连续监测,获取了每个时期发生变化岸段、滩涂围垦面积等信息。研究结果表明:利用遥感影像能够满足准确、快速监测海岸线变迁的要求;2006～2009年,江苏省海岸线快速向海域推进;2000～2003年滩涂围垦面积为25 213ha,2003～2006年新增陆地面积为9601 ha,2006～2009年围垦面积达到23 632ha;滩涂开发总体呈现围垦—修养—围垦的开发模式。 相似文献
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海岸线是海陆动态的分界线。国内外对防城港-钦州海岸线的时空变迁研究甚少。基于Landsat系列卫星遥感数据,利用ENVI(environment visualizing images)、ArcMap平台,采用归一化水体指数半自动提取5期海岸线,定量、定性分析海岸线时空演变。研究发现:(1)1999-2018年海岸线增长了53.59 km;(2)2004-2009年因防城港和钦州港填海造陆海岸线剧增了59.954 km;(3)填海造陆时空变化最为明显,2004-2009年港口的填海面积增加3663 hm2;(4)1999-2004年典型海岸养殖区面积增长7021 hm2,之后面积保持平稳,年平均面积为9626 hm2;(5)在研究尺度下,典型的红树林生物区基本维持不变,年均大约1597 hm2;(6)砂质海岸和基岩海岸移动不明显。近20年间,海岸线的变迁因素主要为滩涂围垦、港口扩建、填海造陆。 相似文献
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Luca Cenci Leonardo Disperati Maria Giuseppina Persichillo Eduardo R Oliveira Fátima L Alves Michael Phillips 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2018,55(3):355-375
The precise delineation of coastal areas subject to past, present, and future erosive processes plays a fundamental role in coastal risk management. Within this framework, satellite data represent a valuable synoptic and multi-temporal information source. Therefore, this research integrated remote sensing and GIS techniques for mapping and modeling shoreline evolution through time. Long-term shoreline’s proxy rates of advance and retreat were determined using Landsat data from the mid-1980s to 2011 and subsequently, a short-term scenario (3 years) was predicted and validated. Two different coastal environments, Oceanic and Mediterranean, were investigated. In the first, different proxies were analyzed, thereby enabling a multi-proxy analysis. Findings showed that the method provided more accurate results in higher energy environments (Oceanic) and where the coastline is not urbanized. Results also highlighted the importance of performing multi-proxy analyses in given study areas, to more reliably define shoreline modeling. Importantly, during the analyses, particular attention was given to assessing uncertainty, which is crucial when outcomes of scientific research are considered for management. 相似文献
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连云港围填海工程对海洋生态环境的影响及防治对策研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文根据连云港近年来围填海造地过程及未来发展趋势,系统阐述了围填海造地对连云港海洋水环境质量、湿地功能、生物多样性、渔业资源以及海岸景观等方面的影响,进而提出了控制围填海造地对海洋生态环境不良影响的对策建议,以期为决策层提供参考依据。 相似文献
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随着社会经济的高速发展,沿海经济带正发生着日新月异的变化,海岸线环境发生了巨大改变。利用遥感技术不受时间、空间限制的特点,研究海岸线变化监测,有利于掌握海岸线分布情况,监测海岸线沿线生态环境。本文是基于多时相遥感影像,开展辽宁省大陆海岸线变化监测研究。 相似文献
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This study compares two automated approaches, the transect‐from‐baseline technique and a new change polygon method, for quantifying historical coastal change over time. The study shows that the transect‐from‐baseline technique is complicated by choice of a proper baseline as well as generating transects that intersect with each other rather than with the nearest shoreline. The change polygon method captures the full spatial difference between the positions of the two shorelines and average coastal change is the defined as the ratio of the net area divided by the shoreline length. Although then change polygon method is sensitive to the definition and measurement of shoreline length, the results are more invariant to parameter changes than the transect‐from‐baseline method, suggesting that the change polygon technique may be a more robust coastal change method. 相似文献
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A shoreline change analysis along the coast between Kanyakumari and Tuticorin,India, using digital shoreline analysis system 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The shoreline is one of the rapidly changing landforms in coastal areas.They are the key element in coastal GIS and provide the most information on coastal land form dynamics.Therefore,accurate detection and frequent monitoring of shorelines is very essential to understand the coastal processes and dynamics of various coastal features.The present study is to investigate the shoreline changes along the coast between Kanyakumari and Tuticorin of south India(where hydrodynamic and morphologic changes occur continuously after the December 2004 tsunami)by using Digital Shoreline Analysis System(DSAS),an extension of ArcGIS.Multidate IRS and Landsat Satellite data(1999,2001,2003,2005,2007,and 2009)are used to extract the shorelines.The data is processed by using the ERDAS IMAGINE 9.1 software and analyzed by ArcGIS 9.2 workstation.The rates of shoreline changes are estimated by three statistical methods,namely,End Point Rate(EPR),Linear Regression Rate(LRR),and Least Me-dian of Squares(LMS)by using DSAS.The study reveals that most of the study area has undergoing erosion.Both natural and an-thropogenic processes along the coast modify the shoreline configuration and control the erosion and accretion of the coastal zones.The coastal zones along the estuary have experienced accretion due to the littoral processes.The zones with headlands have more eroded than other zones along the study area.The study also shows that the coastal zones where sand is mined have relatively more rate of erosion than that of the other zones.Improper and unsustainable sand mining may also lead to severe erosion problem along this area.The shoreline change rates are altered by various geological processes along the coast.Thus,the present study implies that proper beach filling and nourishment projects should be made in the study area to save from hazards.It also indicates the advantage and suitability of DSAS to assess the shoreline changes compared with the traditional manual shoreline change analysis and prom-ising its applications for coastal zone management in other regions. 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to investigate the land use/land cover, landforms, shoreline and coastal regulation zone (CRZ) changes of Greater Visakhapatnam coastal region using Indian Remote Sensing-IRS P6 (Resourcesat-I) satellite data and collateral information. Prominent changes have been observed during the past 30 years through land use/land cover analyzes which clearly indicate that thecoastal regulatory zones have altered in respect of both natural and anthropogenic activities. Various geomorphic units were identified and confirmed with appropriate field work. Significant changes have been recognized in the shoreline map, which denote that the area of erosional shoreline is larger than the accretional and stable prone shoreline. The availability of high resolution data has helped to prepare large-scale maps for implementation of CRZ measures. The results were promising and suggest that the modern geo-spatial information and technological tools are extremely helpful for conducting coastal morphological studies. 相似文献
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Yuandong Wang Xiyong Hou Mingming Jia Ping Shi Liangju Yu 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2014,42(3):621-631
Sandy beaches of the eastern coast zone in Eastern Laizhou Bay represent the most popular tourist, recreational destinations and constitute some of the most valuable restates in China. This paper presents the detection of shoreline changes in Laizhou Bay East Bank using an automatic histogram thresholding algorithm on the basis of multi-temporal Landsat images. Shoreline change rates (SCR) and shoreline change areas (SCA) were retrieved using the statistical approach and zonal change detection method, respectively. Results showed that during 1979–2010 a large portion (over 59.8 %) of shoreline are dominated by a retreating process with an average rate of ?2.01 m/year, while other parts of shoreline exhibited a seaward advancing trend due to intense land reclamation activities. It is our anticipation that the result of this work would support sandy beaches protection and management in China coast. 相似文献