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本文以实测的煤田火区地物波谱数据为依据，对用于煤田火区各地物解译的遥感信息源－ＴＭ图像的最佳时相选择，最佳波段组合煤田火区地物在ＴＭ图像上的影像特征进行了探讨。采用多时相ＴＭ图像对新疆奇台北山煤田火区进行动态监测及火情预测的成果进行了叙述，该勘查研究成果对指导该煤田火区灭火工程设计及后期防火管理的有较大实用价值。 相似文献
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新疆拜城地区煤田煤层自燃的陆地卫星遥感探测方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用TM图像,结合区域实测、地质和区域能源分布资料,分析了煤田煤层自燃的光谱特征,对煤田地火燃烧区进行定位;在此基础上对新疆拜城地区TM图像进行线性变换、边界增强、波段运算、多波段假彩色合成等增强处理,识别并提取影像中煤田煤层自燃引起的地表热信息、地表植被异常和岩石烧变信息等,通过分析达到探测煤田火区的目的。 相似文献
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煤层自燃是中国北方煤田中普遍存在的灾害现象,它不但烧掉了大量的煤炭资源,而且还污染了环境。实践证明,利用遥感影像判别火区位置、圈定火区范围和对火区进行动态监测,及时为灭火工程提供信息,是一项经济和社会意义很大的工作。由于受多种因素的制约,不同地区、不同波段、不同时相、不同空间分辨率的遥感图像,其影像特征（含与煤层自燃有关的热异常影像特征）都有较大的差异,因而从图像上分析和提取地物的热红外辐射特征时,需要考虑遥感图像类型、成像时间、地形条件、气象条件和岩性特征等因素的影响。本文着重讨论了地表辐射温度与上述各项因素之间的关系。 相似文献
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煤层自燃是中国北方煤田中普遍存在的灾害现象,它不但烧掉了大量的煤炭资源,而且还污染了环境。实践证明,利用遥感影像判别火区位置、圈定火区范围和对火区进行动态监测,及时为灭火工程提供信息,是一项经济和社会意义很大的工作。由于受多种因素的制约,不同地区、不同波段、不同时相、不同空间分辨率的遥感图像,其影像特征（含与煤层自燃有关的热异常影像特征）都有较大的差异,因而从图像上分析和提取地物的热红外辐射特征时,需要考虑遥感图像类型、成像时间、地形条件、气象条件和岩性特征等因素的影响。本文着重讨论了地表辐射温度与上述各项因素之间的关系。 相似文献
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Landsat-8 TIRS数据第10波段和第11波段是热红外波段,两个波段数据空间分辨率是100 m。本文选取乌鲁木齐大泉湖煤田火区进行了实验,分别获取了2015年5月和2017年5月大泉湖煤田火区两期遥感影像,采用辐射传输方程方法进行了温度反演。对反演温度数据进行密度分割,提取了乌鲁木齐大泉湖煤田火区范围,并和经过物探方法确定的火区范围进行了叠加,矢量范围重合度达83%。结果显示,基于Landsat-8 TIRS数据煤田火区识别方法可行,对于煤田火区识别和监测将是一种重要的方法。 相似文献
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一种基于地物波谱特征的最佳波段组合选取方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对多光谱数据选取最佳的波段组合,是图像解译和专题信息提取的重要前提。文中提出一种基于地物波谱特征的最佳波段组合选取方法,即综合考虑方差、相关系数、OIF指数和地物间的可分离性4个因素,利用ERDAS和EXCEL等工具进行各指标的解算,并通过实验,选择红菱矿区1995年的TM多光谱影像为数据源,选取了基于水体波谱特征的最佳波段组合TM345。经定性分析和定量计算,验证了该方法的可行性。 相似文献
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煤田火区地表形态变化是煤火监测和分析的可用指标之一。由于矿区地表严重的去相干噪声,使得星载合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术应用于煤田火区地表形变检测比较困难。结合煤田火区地表形变特点,利用L波段的ALOS PALSAR数据进行差分干涉处理,利用干涉条纹频率精确估计基线,并用自适应滤波方法降低去相干噪声的影响。在去除平地相位和参考地形相位后,获取煤田火区的地表形变。研究表明:地表形变与煤火燃烧具有一定的相关关系,通过地表形变分析有助于对地下煤火燃烧情况的判断;利用差分干涉SAR技术检测煤田火区地表形变,进而对煤火进行监测和分析是可行的。 相似文献
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基于穷举法的高光谱遥感图像地物识别研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了一种基于穷举法的高光谱遥感图像地物识别方法.该方法从所有与研究区有关的可能参考光谱中识别出图像上每个像元的最佳匹配光谱,绘制识别结果图,并由图中信息可对参考光谱进行更换,以求得最佳识别结果.并以云南省中甸普朗斑岩铜矿区外围的高光谱遥感图像为例,得到了该区的地物识别图,经实地检验,证实了该方法的有效性. 相似文献
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根据遥感物理基础，提出了应用ＤＴＭ计算出地表的太阳辐射强度，并以此为依据校正ＴＭ第６波段的象元值，消除地形的影响，突出由煤层自燃引起的地表热异常，为灭火工程及火区动态监测提供信息和指导。文中选择了新疆准南煤田的硫磺沟火区为试验区，展示了研究的成果。 相似文献
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Many real-world applications require remotely sensed images at both high spatial and temporal resolutions. This requirement, however, is generally not met by single satellite system. A number of spatiotemporal fusion models have been developed to overcome this constraint. Landsat and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) data have been extensively used for detection and monitoring of active fires at different scales. Fusing the data obtained from these sensors will, therefore, significantly contribute to the satellite-based monitoring of fires. Among the available spatiotemporal fusion methods, the spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model (STARFM) and enhanced STARFM (ESTARFM) algorithms have been widely used for studying the land surface dynamics in the homogeneous and heterogeneous regions. The present study explores the applicability of STARFM and ESTARFM algorithms for fusing the high spatial resolution Landsat-8 OLI data with high temporal resolution VIIRS data in the context of active surface coal fire monitoring. Further, a modified version of ESTARFM algorithm, referred as modified-ESTARFM, is developed to improve the performance of the fusion model. Jharia coalfield (India), known for widespread occurrences of coal fires, is taken as the study area. The qualitative and quantitative assessments of the predicted (synthetic) Landsat-like images from different algorithms (STARFM, modified-STARFM, ESTARFM, modified-ESTARFM) indicate that the modified-ESTARFM outperforms the other fusion approaches used in this study. Considering the advantages, limitations and performance of the algorithms used, modified-ESTARFM along with STARFM can be used for surface coal fire monitoring. The study will not only contribute to remote sensing based coal fire studies but also to other applications, such as forest fires, crop residue burning, land cover and land use change, vegetation phenology, etc. 相似文献
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Radiant temperature images from thermal remote sensing sensors are used to delineate surface coal fires, by deriving a cut-off temperature to separate coal-fire from non-fire pixels. Temperature contrast of coal fire and background elements (rocks and vegetation etc.) controls this cut-off temperature. This contrast varies across the coal field, as it is influenced by variability of associated rock types, proportion of vegetation cover and intensity of coal fires etc. We have delineated coal fires from background, based on separation in data clusters in maximum v/s mean radiant temperature (13th band of ASTER and 10th band of Landsat-8) scatter-plot, derived using randomly distributed homogeneous pixel-blocks (9 × 9 pixels for ASTER and 27 × 27 pixels for Landsat-8), covering the entire coal bearing geological formation. It is seen that, for both the datasets, overall temperature variability of background and fires can be addressed using this regional cut-off. However, the summer time ASTER data could not delineate fire pixels for one specific mine (Bhulanbararee) as opposed to the winter time Landsat-8 data. The contrast of radiant temperature of fire and background terrain elements, specific to this mine, is different from the regional contrast of fire and background, during summer. This is due to the higher solar heating of background rocky outcrops, thus, reducing their temperature contrast with fire. The specific cut-off temperature determined for this mine, to extract this fire, differs from the regional cut-off. This is derived by reducing the pixel-block size of the temperature data. It is seen that, summer-time ASTER image is useful for fire detection but required additional processing to determine a local threshold, along with the regional threshold to capture all the fires. However, the winter Landsat-8 data was better for fire detection with a regional threshold. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):54-84
ABSTRACTThe Brazilian Tropical Moist Forest Biome (BTMFB) spans almost 4 million km2 and is subject to extensive annual fires that have been categorized into deforestation, maintenance, and forest fire types. Information on fire types is important as they have different atmospheric emissions and ecological impacts. A supervised classification methodology is presented to classify the fire type of MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) active fire detections using training data defined by consideration of Brazilian government forest monitoring program annual land cover maps, and using predictor variables concerned with fuel flammability, fuel load, fire behavior, fire seasonality, fire annual frequency, proximity to surface transportation, and local temperature. The fire seasonality, local temperature, and fuel flammability were the most influential on the classification. Classified fire type results for all 1.6 million MODIS Terra and Aqua BTMFB active fire detections over eight years (2003–2010) are presented with an overall fire type classification accuracy of 90.9% (kappa 0.824). The fire type user’s and producer’s classification accuracies were respectively 92.4% and 94.4% (maintenance fires), 88.4% and 87.5% (forest fires), and, 88.7% and 75.0% (deforestation fires). The spatial and temporal distribution of the classified fire types are presented and are similar to patterns reported in the available recent literature. 相似文献
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一种消除陆地卫星TM6夜间图像上干扰条带的滤波方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文介绍一种消除陆地卫星TM夜间图像上干扰条带的滤波方法。该方法的核心是用中位数判 错法首先判出干扰条带的位置,然后对原始图像上构成干扰条带的噪声点作二维空间域平滑滤波。 这种滤波方法不仅能消除干扰条带,而且能保存原始图像上的有用信息。通过滤波处理获得了较 满意的图像。 相似文献
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随着新一代静止气象卫星的发射,高频次和高时效的观测特性对于火点探测具有独特优势。本文基于Himawari-8新一代静止气象卫星高频次观测特点,提出有利于火情初期火点判识的时序探测方法。与传统的极轨气象卫星遥感火情监测采用的上下文法不同,时序探测法判识火点的方法依据为探测像元亮温在观测时间上的差异。研究结果显示,在无云及无异常热源条件下,相邻时次中红外亮温差异较小,当前后时次亮温差达到3K时,可判识出火点,而上下文法的阈值均在6 K以上,时序法的火点判识阈值较上下文法明显降低,探测相应的亚像元火点面积减小一倍以上,从而提高了火情判识的灵敏度,实现火点早期发现。本文介绍了时序法火点判识方法,并以黑龙江桦川县的星地同步观测实验进行验证,研究表明,时序法较上下文法在初发火点探测灵敏度方面有明显优势,时序法和上下文法的结合可提高气象卫星对火情发展过程的监测能力。 相似文献