共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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满丹 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,40(5)
交通标线,作为道路上重要的交通标识,为司机和行人提供重要的引导信息。车载激光扫描系统(车载LiDAR)可以快速获得被测目标的表面三维坐标信息,为提取高精度三维交通标线提供了可靠数据源。本文通过分析道路点云数据的平面距离、点云强度、点云密度等特征,将点云数据归化成地理参考强度图像。针对生成的二维参考图像,充分借鉴图像处理中目标分类与识别的手段,将交通标线信息准确提取出来。实验表明,该方法可行、有效。 相似文献
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对移动车载激光测量LandMark系统获取的路面激光点云数据进行研究,结合激光点云的回波反射率、扫描角,以及量测距离等特征信息与道路标线的属性信息,提出了一种基于车载激光点云的道路标线自动识别与提取算法。从点云中提取道路标线,采用最小二乘线性最优拟合算法对提取的标线点云进行拟合,生成道路标线的CAD轮廓线,实现道路标线的自动化识别。以移动车载LandMark系统的Sick激光扫描仪获取的路面激光点云为例进行实验,实验结果表明该方法的可行性和有效性。 相似文献
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针对道路标线三维矢量数据难以高效精确获取的问题,该文提出了一种从移动激光扫描数据中自动提取道路标线的新方法。基于平缓路面这个假设,利用邻域高程一致性的判断方法提取地面点。将地面点根据轨迹数据分割成多组剖面,对每个剖面上的点云进行强度直方图统计,找到强度值有突变的点。以此为种子点通过强度值区域生长以得到完整的标线,利用点云模板匹配的方法剔除错误点集。最后对标线点云进行矢量化得到三维矢量线。通过城市中大约2km长的移动激光点云数据的实验,证明本文提出的方法在提取道路标线方面能得到较好的结果。 相似文献
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近年来,随着空间信息获取技术的发展,激光扫描技术在城市三维数据采集中应用越来越广泛,本文以车载激光扫描点云数据为研究对象,利用点云数据空间分布特征和反射强度信息,结合道路标线的几何特征,提出一种快速有效地从离散点云中提取道路标识线的方法。该方法首先利用车载激光点云数据中的高程信息和反射强度信息对原始点云进行滤波。然后将分割后的点云数据投影到二维平面中,利用反射强度信息和点云空间分布信息生成点云强度特征图像,利用标线规则的几何形状,对连通区域进行道路标识线的提取。最后,基于道路标识线的语义信息,利用Hough变换对检测到的标识线进行分类和连接,从而提取完整、准确的三维道路标识线点云数据。通过居民区和高速公路扫描数据处理案例,实现了高速公路虚实标识线和干扰因素较多的居民区界线的自动提取,验证了上述道路标识线提取方法的可靠性,应用效果较好。 相似文献
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自动驾驶技术已成为未来智能交通的发展方向之一,高精度地图为L3级及以上自动驾驶实现高精度定位和路径规划提供先验信息,是自动驾驶车辆传感器在遮挡或观测距离受限情况下的重要补充。道路标线的位置和语义信息,比如实线和虚线的绝对位置是高精度地图的基本组成部分。本文从车载激光点云中提取扫描线,根据道路边缘位置几何形态的突变从扫描线中提取道路路面,在此基础上首先利用反距离加权插值的方法把路面点云图像以一定的分辨率转换为栅格图像,其次利用基于积分图的自适应阈值分割方法把栅格图像转化为二值图像,然后利用欧氏聚类的方法从二值图像中提取标线点云,并利用特征属性筛选的方法对提取的标线点云进行语义识别,最后建立交通标线和交通规则之间的语义关联。 相似文献
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面向车载激光扫描点云快速分类的点云特征图像生成方法 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
车载激光扫描是空间数据快速获取的一种重要手段。车载激光扫描点云数据的分类和特征提取是目标识别与三维重建的基础。本文以车载激光点云数据为研究对象，提出了一种适合于其快速分类与目标提取的点云特征图像生成方法。该方法首先将扫描区域进行平面规则格网投影，通过分析格网内部点云的空间分布特征（平面距离、高程差异、点密集程度等）确定激光扫描点的定权，从而生成车载激光扫描点云的特征图像。利用生成的点云特征图像，可采用阈值分割、轮廓提取与跟踪等手段提取图像分割的建筑物目标的边界，从而确定边界内部点云数据，实现目标分类与提取。本文以Optech公司的车载激光扫描数据为实验对象，验证了本文提出方法的可行性和实用性。实验结果表明，该方法能快速有效分离出车载激光扫描点云中的地面数据、建筑物数据等。 相似文献
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提出了一种从车载激光扫描数据中层次化提取多类型目标的有效方法。该方法首先利用颜色、激光反射强度、空间距离等特征,生成多尺度超级体素;然后综合超级体素的颜色、激光反射强度、法向量、主方向等特征利用图分割方法对体素进行分割;同时计算分割区域的显著性,以当前显著性最大的区域为种子区域进行邻域聚类得到目标;最后结合聚类区域的几何特性判断目标可能所属的类别,并按照目标类别采用不同的聚类准则重新聚类得到最终目标。试验结果表明,该方法成功地提取出建筑物、地面、路灯、树木、电线杆、交通标志牌、汽车、围墙等多类目标,目标提取的总体精度为92.3%。 相似文献
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A mobile laser scanning (MLS) system allows direct collection of accurate 3D point information in unprecedented detail at highway speeds and at less than traditional survey costs, which serves the fast growing demands of transportation-related road surveying including road surface geometry and road environment. As one type of road feature in traffic management systems, road markings on paved roadways have important functions in providing guidance and information to drivers and pedestrians. This paper presents a stepwise procedure to recognize road markings from MLS point clouds. To improve computational efficiency, we first propose a curb-based method for road surface extraction. This method first partitions the raw MLS data into a set of profiles according to vehicle trajectory data, and then extracts small height jumps caused by curbs in the profiles via slope and elevation-difference thresholds. Next, points belonging to the extracted road surface are interpolated into a geo-referenced intensity image using an extended inverse-distance-weighted (IDW) approach. Finally, we dynamically segment the geo-referenced intensity image into road-marking candidates with multiple thresholds that correspond to different ranges determined by point-density appropriate normality. A morphological closing operation with a linear structuring element is finally used to refine the road-marking candidates by removing noise and improving completeness. This road-marking extraction algorithm is comprehensively discussed in the analysis of parameter sensitivity and overall performance. An experimental study performed on a set of road markings with ground-truth shows that the proposed algorithm provides a promising solution to the road-marking extraction from MLS data. 相似文献
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Accurate 3D road information is important for applications such as road maintenance and virtual 3D modeling. Mobile laser scanning (MLS) is an efficient technique for capturing dense point clouds that can be used to construct detailed road models for large areas. This paper presents a method for extracting and delineating roads from large-scale MLS point clouds. The proposed method partitions MLS point clouds into a set of consecutive “scanning lines”, which each consists of a road cross section. A moving window operator is used to filter out non-ground points line by line, and curb points are detected based on curb patterns. The detected curb points are tracked and refined so that they are both globally consistent and locally similar. To evaluate the validity of the proposed method, experiments were conducted using two types of street-scene point clouds captured by Optech’s Lynx Mobile Mapper System. The completeness, correctness, and quality of the extracted roads are over 94.42%, 91.13%, and 91.3%, respectively, which proves the proposed method is a promising solution for extracting 3D roads from MLS point clouds. 相似文献
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车载激光点云道路边界提取的Snake方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对车载激光点云中道路边界提取困难,自动化程度低的问题,提出一种基于离散点Snake的车载激光点云道路边界提取方法。不同于传统基于图像建立Snake,本文直接基于离散点建立Snake模型。先利用伪轨迹点数据,确定初始轮廓位置,参数化不同类型的道路边界初始轮廓;然后基于离散点构建适合多类型道路边界的Snake模型,定义模型内部、外部和约束能量,通过能量函数最小化推动轮廓曲线移动到显著道路边界特征点处,实现不同道路边界的精细提取。本文试验采用3份不同城市场景的车载激光点云数据验证本文方法的有效性,道路边界提取结果的准确率达到97.62%,召回率达到98.04%,F1-Measure值达到97.83%以上,且提取的道路边界结果与软件交互提取的结果有较好的吻合度。试验结果表明,本文方法能够修正噪声、断裂等数据质量对道路边界提取的影响,能够实现各类复杂城市环境中不同形状道路边界的提取,具有较强的稳健性和适用性。 相似文献
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Road markings are used to provide guidance and instruction to road users for safe and comfortable driving. Enabling rapid, cost-effective and comprehensive approaches to the maintenance of route networks can be greatly improved with detailed information about location, dimension and condition of road markings. Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) systems provide new opportunities in terms of collecting and processing this information. Laser scanning systems enable multiple attributes of the illuminated target to be recorded including intensity data. The recorded intensity data can be used to distinguish the road markings from other road surface elements due to their higher retro-reflective property. In this paper, we present an automated algorithm for extracting road markings from MLS data. We describe a robust and automated way of applying a range dependent thresholding function to the intensity values to extract road markings. We make novel use of binary morphological operations and generic knowledge of the dimensions of road markings to complete their shapes and remove other road surface elements introduced through the use of thresholding. We present a detailed analysis of the most applicable values required for the input parameters involved in our algorithm. We tested our algorithm on different road sections consisting of multiple distinct types of road markings. The successful extraction of these road markings demonstrates the effectiveness of our algorithm. 相似文献
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提出了一种从车载激光扫描数据中自动提取路面的方法。通过分析车载激光扫描点云的空间特征,提出运用近似平面约束法、有序最小二乘坡度估计法和多尺度窗口迭代分析法进行初始路面种子点提取;然后基于局部坡度滤波方法提取所有的路面点;最后选择两组实际点云数据进行实验。结果表明,该方法能快速准确地提取高速公路路面点云,实验数据的提取准确率为95.74%,完整率为98.11%。 相似文献
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The existing roadway infrastructures are mostly archived with two-dimensional (2D) drawings that lack the possibility for three-dimensional (3D) interpretation and advanced 3D analysis. The mobile LiDAR system (MLS) is gaining popularity in 3D mapping applications along various types of road corridors. MLS achieves the highest data quality and completeness among the traditional roadway data collection methods. The rural roads in different countries especially in India form a substantial portion of the road network. Therefore the proper maintenance and road safety analysis of rural roads are recommended activity, which could be addressed using detailed 3D road surface information. The absence of raised curb at road boundary, and presence of complexity, heterogeneity and occlusions along the rural roadway settings restrict the use of existing studies for road surface extraction using MLS point cloud data. Therefore considering the above requirement, this research paper proposes a two-stage method. The first stage extract planar ground surfaces which are further used to filter road surface in the second stage. Global properties of road, that is, topology and smoothness and its radiometric response to laser beam of MLS are used in the second stage. MLS point cloud data of rural roadway were used to test the proposed method. The road surface points were accurately extracted without being affected by the absence of raised curb and hanging objects over the road surface, that is, tree canopies and overhead power lines. The quantitative assessment of the proposed method was performed in terms of correctness, completeness and quality, which were 96.3, 94.2, and 90.9%, respectively. 相似文献
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车载激光扫描系统获取的复杂道路环境点云数据量大、目标复杂,难以有效提取出道路的点云。本文通过分析扫描线上激光点云的空间分布和统计特征,提出一种适用于复杂道路环境的道路点云自动提取方法。该方法首先根据点的扫描角度或GPS时间信息提取扫描线;利用移动窗口法进行高程滤波,提取地面点云,然后采用基于路坎模型的移动窗口法提取路坎点;利用局部区域相邻扫描线的相似性特点,对提取的路坎点云进行跟踪和优化;最后利用优化后的路坎作为道路的边界实现道路路面精确提取。经过实验和分析,该方法不仅适应于有固定道路宽度的结构化道路提取,同样适用于无固定宽度的复杂道路提取。 相似文献