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1.
李紫薇  杨晓峰 《遥感学报》2009,13(S1):427-433
重点介绍利用遥感卫星数据进行海表温度、海面风场、海洋水色和大气参数等海洋环境要素反演技术以及数据产品真实性检验方法, 描述了渤海遥感监测数据产品和精度指标, 对于建立区域性海洋遥感监测业务化系统具有重要的科学价值。  相似文献   

2.
海上溢油已成为影响海洋生态环境的重要污染物之一,我国近40年发生约3200起海上溢油事故。当今用于监测海上溢油的遥感主要是光学和雷达卫星,卫星遥感往往重访周期长,而海上溢油事件时常发生,给海洋带来严重的环境污染,需要快速、准确的监测其状况。GNSS R技术具有全天候监测海洋的特点,因此更适合用于海面溢油检测。为了验证GNSS R技术在检测海面溢油的可行性,利用2013年中国青岛海洋溢油事故的遥感图像的溢油结果,作为仿真实验检测目标,进行岸基的GNSS R海面溢油检测仿真研究。利用Z V散射模型和海水/溢油的均方坡度(MSS)模型结合,建立了能反映海面状况GNSS散射信号特征的时延 多普勒图(DDM)。仿真得到DDM中检测到海面溢油区域,验证了利用GNSS反射信号进行海面溢油检测的可行性。   相似文献   

3.
全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)不仅具有导航定位、测速以及授时等功能,且因其反射信号能被接收,可用于海面风场、海面高度反演,由此开辟了一个新的研究领域GNSS反射(GNSS-R)技术,GNSS-R技术用于海洋遥感是一个新的研究领域;文中主要介绍了GNSS-R遥感技术和海面测高的研究进展,并从基于信噪比(SNR)数据测量法、基于 C/A码相位测量法、基于载波相位测量法及基于载波频率测量法等方面分析和总结了GNSS-R在海面高度测量的常用方法.   相似文献   

4.
海面高度作为最重要的海洋物理参数之一,在预防海啸、风暴潮中起到重要作用,是海洋科学,遥感测绘领域的重要研究内容之一。粗糙度作为影响海面测高精度的重要因素之一,主要是由风速变化引起,本文为了探究风速引起的粗糙度变化对海面测高精度的影响,分别进行了湖面实验与海面实验。通过对风速与反射信号相位差RMS关系的研究,定性分析了粗糙度对测高精度的影响,结果表明,在反射信号相位差RMS增加0.005(单位rad)时,测高的误差RMS增加了近一倍。   相似文献   

5.
多光谱遥感异常提取技术方法体系研究   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3  
详细介绍了多光谱遥感异常提取方法体系——“去干扰(或称掩模)-主成分分析-异常筛选”(De-interfered Anomalous Principal Component Anomaly Filtration,以下简称DPF技术)的内容及工作方法,指出了技术体系应用时需要注意的问题。该 技术体系包括数据预处理、干扰去除、异常提取、异常后处理、异常筛选与推荐等5部分。在天山—北山、昆仑及冈底斯成矿带的 应用证明,该方法体系成效显著。  相似文献   

6.
海洋卫星测高在全球和区域大地水准面建模、全球海洋重力场反演、海底地形探测、海平面变化监测、构造板块运动研究等大地测量领域至关重要。本文概述了海洋微波测高卫星的简要发展历程,重点梳理了卫星测高在全球海洋重力场和全球海底地形建模方面取得的丰硕成果,对比分析了主流的海洋重力场和海底地形模型;介绍了合成孔径雷达高度计、Ka频段雷达高度计、合成孔径雷达干涉仪3种先进微波测高技术,并分析了其各自的优缺点,表明它们将在未来若干年呈并驱发展趋势;较为系统地阐述了海洋卫星测高的另一新型技术,即GNSS反射信号测量技术的研究动态,给出了GNSS-R(GNSS reflectometry)类(试验)卫星的发展脉络和发展前景。卫星测高的发展趋势之一是多颗测高卫星的组网观测,本文概括了曾经提出的和拟议中的若干组网测高计划,扼要介绍了由我国提出并正在实施的双星跟飞测高模式;最后指出了卫星测高发展的几个主要关注点,包括双星跟飞测高和SWOT(surface water ocean topography)任务的2维海面高(差)测量、卫星测高反演海底地形与高级地形激光高度计观测数据及遥感卫星图像的结合、星载GNSS-R厘米级海面高的载波相位测量、人工智能技术在卫星测高中的潜在应用等。  相似文献   

7.
自全球卫星导航反射信号(GNSS-R)概念提出以来,GNSS-R被广泛应用于遥感方面. 如海面测高,海面风场反演,海冰检测等多个方面. 文中主要介绍了GNSS-R遥感技术在海面测高的应用和研究进展,着重介绍了基于信噪比(SNR)数据测量方法的研究进展,简述了SNR数据测量方法所涉及的理论和信号处理的办法,并根据现有的研究进展,对未来海面测高的发展方向进行展望.   相似文献   

8.
蒋兴伟  林明森  张有广 《遥感学报》2016,20(5):1185-1198
中国十分重视海洋遥感及其监测技术的发展,初步形成了具有优势互补的海洋遥感观测体系,并发挥了显著的经济和社会效益。其中,海洋一号(HY-1A/B)卫星已经广泛应用于中国海温预报业务系统、冬季海冰业务监测、夏季赤潮和绿潮监测、海岸带动态变化监测、近岸海水水质监测和渔业遥感监测等方面。海洋二号(HY-2A)卫星不仅填补了中国海洋动力环境卫星遥感的空白,也是目前国际上唯一在轨运行的集主被动微波遥感器于一身的综合型海洋动力环境卫星,具备同时获取风场、有效波高、海面高度和海面温度的能力。通过卫星获得的数据提高了中国海洋环境监测与灾害性海况预报的水平,为国民经济建设和国防建设、海洋科学研究、全球变化研究等提供了可靠的遥感数据,同时还在国际对地观测体系中发挥了重要作用,受到国内外用户的高度认可。海洋一号和海洋二号卫星系列为中国建立完善的海洋环境立体监测体系奠定了坚实基础。根据国家发展和"一带一路"建设的实施,在加快建设海洋强国、维护海洋权益和加快发展海洋经济的进程中对海洋遥感的发展也进一步提出了更高的要求和更紧迫的需求。为此,紧紧围绕国家海洋强国战略需求,在《国家民用空间基础设施中长期发展规划(2015年—2025年)》中专门规划了海洋观测卫星系列,服务于中国的海洋资源开发、环境保护、防灾减灾、权益维护、海域使用管理、海岛海岸带调查和极地大洋考察等方面,同时兼顾陆地和大气观测领域的需求。在充分继承已有HY-1A/B、HY-2A、高分三号(GF-3)和中法海洋卫星(CFOSAT)成功研制经验和应用成果的基础上,发展多种光学和微波遥感技术,建设新一代的海洋水色卫星和海洋动力环境卫星,具备卫星组网观测能力;发展海洋监视监测卫星,构建优势互补的海洋卫星综合观测体系。通过空间基础设施的建设,海洋遥感卫星必将在建设海洋强国的进程中发挥出重要作用。  相似文献   

9.
海洋测量信息处理是海洋测绘的关键技术之一.为此,着重对当前海洋测量信息处理技术的几个研究热点进行了介绍,内容包括海陆基准的统一、海洋遥感图像的精校正、卫星测高和遥感测深技术,并对海洋测量信息处理与多元化表示作了简要的讨论.  相似文献   

10.
GNSS-R研究进展及其关键技术   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9  
全面评述了GNSS-R技术的研究进展,主要包括海面测高、海面风场遥感、土壤湿度探测以及星载实验等几个主要方面,从软件接收机和反演模型两个方面分析了GNSS-R的关键技术,并指出了存在的问题和发展方向。  相似文献   

11.
Seafloor topography certainly has an impact on ocean circulation in different ways. Due to this assumption, the sea surface currents calculated by optical flow (Horn–Schunck) and geostrophic currents methods are analyzed to observe this impact. Pair of sea surface temperature imageries, calculated sea surface height and sea level anomaly are showed beside depth map in areas with meaningful bathymetric features such as underwater mountains and pools. The reason for the formation of some eddies in the Caspian Sea and Indian Ocean is concluded from the location of pools and knolls. In this study, in addition to introducing new time span for calculating geostrophic currents, Ocean Surface Current Analyses Real-Time (OSCAR) currents are applied to validate our estimated currents. Variety of products such as sea surface temperature imageries, OSCAR currents, depth map, calculated results like sea level anomaly and absolute dynamic topography and estimated currents via optical flow and geostrophic currents have been collected in this paper to make very detailed investigation on depth effect on mentioned water parameters. Results show that impacts of knolls and pools are meaningfully clear in optical flow and geostrophic currents in shaping and rationing water motions.  相似文献   

12.
A detailed gravimetric geoid has been computed for the Nortwest Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea area in support of the calibration and evaluation of the GEOS-3 altimeter. This geoid, computed on a 15’ x 15’ grid was based upon a combination of surface gravity data and the GSFC GEM-8 gravitational field model. This gravimetric geoid has been compared with passes of SKYLAB altimeter data recorded in the Atlantic Ocean, and three typical passes are presented. The relative agreement of the two data types is quite good with differences generally less than 2 meters for these passes. Sea surface manifestations of numerous short wavelength (≈ 100 km) oceanographic features indicated in the altimeter data are also confirmed by the gravimetric geoid.  相似文献   

13.
利用SeaWiFS数据反演海岸地物光谱反射率   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
提出了一个利用SeaWiFS数据反演气溶胶光学厚度与沿岸地物光谱反射率的迭代算法.该算法借助于6S辐射传输模型,利用水色卫星的近红外通道由水体像元首先反演出0.55μm波段的气溶胶光学厚度,在所选影像晴空无云的条件下假定沿岸陆地上空的大气条件与水体上空的大气条件相同,然后再迭代计算出沿岸地物光谱反射率.给出了实际卫星数据计算的结果,并对可能出现的非清洁水体与气溶胶对时空变化引起的误差进行了数值模拟.  相似文献   

14.
One of the principal problems in separating the non-tidal Newtonian gravitational effects from other forces acting on the ocean surface with a resolution approaching the 10 cm level arises as a consequence ofall measurements of a geodetic nature being taken eitherat orto the ocean surface. The latter could be displaced by as much as ±2 m from the equipotential surface of the Earth’s gravity field corresponding to the mean level of the oceans at the epoch of observation— i.e., the geoid. A secondary problem of no less importance is the likelihood of all datums for geodetic levelling in different parts of the world not coinciding with the geoid as defined above. It is likely that conditions will be favourable for the resolution of this problem in the next decade as part of the activities of NASA’s Earth and Ocean Physics Applications Program (EOPAP). It is planned to launch a series of spacecraft fitted with altimeters for ranging to the ocean surface as part of this program. Possible techniques for overcoming the problems mentioned above are outlined within the framework of a solution of the geodetic boundary value problem to ±5 cm in the height anomaly. The latter is referred to a “higher” reference surface obtained by incorporating the gravity field model used in the orbital analysis with that afforded by the conventional equipotential ellipsoidal model (Mather 1974 b). The input data for the solution outlined are ocean surface heights as estimated from satellite altimetry and gravity anomalies on land and continental shelf areas. The solution calls for a quadratures evaluation in the first instance. The probability of success will be enhanced if care were paid to the elimination of sources of systematic error of long wavelength in both types of data as detailed in (Mather 1973 a; Mather 1974 b) prior to its collection and assembly for quadratures evaluations.  相似文献   

15.
Surface roughness parameterization plays an important role in soil moisture retrieval from passive microwave observations. This letter investigates the parameterization of surface roughness in the retrieval algorithm adopted by the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity mission, making use of experimental airborne and ground data from the National Airborne Field Experiment held in Australia in 2005. The surface roughness parameter is retrieved from high-resolution (60 m) airborne data in different soil moisture conditions, using the ground soil moisture as input of the model. The effect of surface roughness on the emitted signal is found to change with the soil moisture conditions with a law different from that proposed in previous studies. The magnitude of this change is found to be related to soil textural properties: in clay soils, the effect of surface roughness is higher in intermediate wetness conditions (0.2–0.3 v/v) and decreases on both the dry and wet ends. Consequently, this letter calls for a rethink of surface roughness parameterization in microwave emission modeling.   相似文献   

16.
随着土壤湿度与海水盐度卫星( SMOS)发射计划的顺利开展和AMSR -E(Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer- Earth Observing System)业务化运行服务之后,人类用星载微波辐射计监测土壤水分是空间技术上的又一次飞跃,但土壤水分的反演精度受到微波辐射计低空间...  相似文献   

17.
高精度大地测量中的海潮位移改正   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
周旭华  吴斌  李军 《测绘学报》2001,30(4):327-330
鉴于目前IERS规范中缺乏海潮对多数中国测站位移的改正,基于表面负荷形变理论,本文采用CSR3.0全球海潮模型和Farrell的格林函数结果,计算了中国测站的海潮位移改正。部分结果同IERS公布结果引比,符合很好,可以用于高精度大地测量,对中国地壳形变监测特别是沿海地区地壳形变监测具有重要的实用价值。  相似文献   

18.
基于X波段雷达的海洋动力学参数提取算法初步研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
从X波段船舶雷达记录的连续雷达图像中,可以获得海浪频谱和海流的信息。在不存在海洋表面流的情况下,雷达图像的三维频谱分布在由静水色散关系确定的平面轨迹上。海流的存在会使三维频谱的能量分布产生相应的多普勒频移,对此频移进行最小二乘拟合,可以确定海流的大小和方向,进而得到有向浪高谱。本文基于通用的海浪谱和方向函数,在考虑阴影调制的情况下仿真海面X波段雷达图像序列,分别对无海流和有海流作用下的三维频谱进行了数值模拟,通过海流产生的多普勒频移拟合出海流,并获得二维图像谱。最后分析了McMaster大学X波段雷达的实测定向海面回波数据,获取了海浪的一维图像频谱。  相似文献   

19.
GNSS-R海洋遥感方法研究   总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1  
对利用全球导航定位系统(GNSS)的海洋反射信号(GNSS-R)反演海面要素的方法进行了详细讨论。在归纳国外研究成果的基础上,系统地整理和阐述了利用GNSS-R反演海洋要素的理论模型、方法以及反演流程,特别对GNSS-R的信号特征以及功率波形进行了详细讨论和公式推导。  相似文献   

20.
This paper discusses an altimeter data processing technique designed to compute time series of the mesoscale dynamic sea surface and to produce mean sea surfaces and surface variability. The technique has been applied to Geosat data collected over the North and South Atlantic and the South Indian Ocean. The computed mean sea surfaces show a high correlation with ocean bottom topography, whereas the variability is found to be associated with mesoscale ocean currents. High variability levels are spotted near the Gulfstream Extension and the Agulhas Return Current.Detailed examination of the sea surface and related flow field time series made it possible to identify a large number of eddies and to keep track of them in both the nort-west and south-east Atlantic. Additionally, some of the eddy characteristics have been resolved such as translation and swirl velocity. It is found that the eddy motion is affected by ocean bottom slopes.  相似文献   

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