共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Determination of Geopotential of Local Vertical Datum Surface 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
WEI Ziqing JIAO Wenhai 《地球空间信息科学学报》2003,6(1):1-4
1 ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＥａｃｈｃｏｕｎｔｒｙｏｒｅａｃｈｇｒｏｕｐｏｆｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓｓｅｌｅｃｔｓｍｅａｎｓｅａｌｅｖ ｅｌａｔａｄｅｆｉｎｅｄｔｉｄｅｇａｕｇｅｏｒａｔａｇｒｏｕｐｏｆｇａｕｇｅｓｆｏｒｉｔｓｖｅｒｔｉ ｃａｌｄａｔｕｍｓｕｒｆａｃｅ .Ｉｔｉｓｒｅａｌｉｚｅｄ ,ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ,ｔｈａｔｔｈｅｌｏｃａｌｍｅａｎｓｅａｌｅｖｅｌｉｓｕｓｕａｌｌｙｄｅｐａｒｔｅｄｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｇｅｏｉｄ ,ｗｈｉｃｈｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｔｈｅｉｄｅａｌｄａｔｕｍｓｕｒｆａｃｅｆｏｒｈｅｉｇｈｔ,ｏｗ… 相似文献
4.
XU Junfeng HUANG Jingfeng 《地球空间信息科学学报》2006,9(2):108-111
IKONOS image has been wildly used in city planning, precision agriculture and emergence response. However, the accuracy of IKONOS Geo product is limited due to distortion caused by terrain relief. Orthorectification was performed to remove the distortion and the impact of different DEM on orthorectification were evaluated. 38 ground control points （GCPs） and 25 independent check points （ICPs） were collected. DEMs were generated from 1 ： 10 000 and 1 ： 50 000 topographic maps. Results show that RMS error at the check points is 1. 554 0 m using DEM generated from 1 ： 10 000 topographic map, which can meet the accuracy requirement of IKONOS Precision product （1.9 m RMSE）. While RMS error is 2. 572 4 m using DEM generated from 1 ： 50 000 topographic map. 相似文献
5.
Multi-technique comparisons of 10?years of wet delay estimates on the west coast of Sweden 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
We present comparisons of 10-year-long time series of the atmospheric zenith wet delay (ZWD), estimated using the global positioning system (GPS), geodetic very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), a water vapour radiometer (WVR), radiosonde (RS) observations, and the reanalysis product of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). To compare the data sets with each other, a Gaussian filter is applied. The results from 10 GPS–RS comparisons using sites in Sweden and Finland show that the full width at half maximum at which the standard deviation (SD) is a minimum increases with the distance between each pair. Comparisons between three co-located techniques (GPS, VLBI, and WVR) result in mean values of the ZWD differences at a level of a few millimetres and SD of less than 7?mm. The best agreement is seen in the GPS–VLBI comparison with a mean difference of ?3.4?mm and an SD of 5.1?mm over the 10-year period. With respect to the ZWD derived from other techniques, a positive bias of up to ~7?mm is obtained for the ECMWF reanalysis product. Performing the comparisons on a monthly basis, we find that the SD including RS or ECMWF varies with the season, between 3 and 15?mm. The monthly SD between GPS and WVR does not have a seasonal signature and varies from 3 to 7?mm. 相似文献
6.
Processing of Laser Scanner Data and Extraction of Structure Lines Using Methods of the Image Processing 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
SUILi-chun 《测绘学报》2004,33(1):63-70
激光扫描数据提供了一种新的手段用于获取高精度的数字地形表面模型. 原始的航空激光扫描数据表达的是一些非规则分布的"点云", 这些非规则分布的点需要进行有效的事后处理. 这种事后处理有2个目的:一是将那些分布在地表面上的点(即地面点)与分布在非地表面上的点(譬如树木、房屋或汽车上的点, 即非地面点)进行有效的分离;二是从分离后的地面点中提取结构线, 用于建立高精度的数字地面模型. 作者发展了一系列的基于数字形态学理论和稳健参数估计理论的方法用于分离和探测地面点. 这里所介绍和开发的提取结构线的算法建立在数字图像处理和表面曲率理论的基础上. 这些算法同样可以扩展地用于其他领域. 所介绍的基于数字图像处理理论处理原始的航空激光扫瞄数据和提取结构线的方法取得了很好的结果. 这一结论可以在本文中通过一系列的插图得到有力的证明. 相似文献
7.
The temporal change of the rotation vector of a rotating body is, in the first order, identical in a space-fixed system and
in a body-fixed system. Therefore, if the motion of the rotation axis of the earth relative to a space-fixed system is given
as a function of time, it should be possible to compute its motion relative to an earth-fixed system, and vice versa. This
paper presents such a transformation. Two models of motion of the rotation axis in the space-fixed system are considered:
one consisting only of a regular (i.e., strictly conical) precession and one extended by circular nutation components, which
are superimposed upon the regular precession. The Euler angles describing the orientation of the earth-fixed system with respect
to the space-fixed system are derived by an analytical solution of the kinematical Eulerian differential equations. In the
first case (precession only), this is directly possible, and in the second case (precession and nutation), a solution is achieved
by a perturbation approach, where the result of the first case serves as an approximation and nutation is regarded as a small
perturbation, which is treated in a linearized form. The transformation by means of these Euler angles shows that the rotation
axis performs in the earth-fixed system retrograde conical revolutions with small amplitudes, namely one revolution with a
period of one sidereal day corresponding to precession and one revolution with a period which is slightly smaller or larger
than one sidereal day corresponding to each (prograde or retrograde) circular nutation component. The peculiar feature of
the derivation presented here is the analytical solution of the Eulerian differential equations. 相似文献
8.
XU Xiaohua LI Zhenghang LUO Jia 《地球空间信息科学学报》2006,9(1):13-17
Introduction WithGPSreceiversmountedonLEOsatel lites,GPSoccultationeventscanbeobserved.Theobservablesarevaluableforatmospheric monitoringandweatherforecasting.Whenpre paringtobuildupanLEOsatelliteoccultation observationsystem,theevaluation,designand imple… 相似文献
9.
SONG Qiurong SONG Qiurong Ph.D candidate the Institute of Higher Education Huazhong University of Science Technology Wuhan China. 《地球空间信息科学学报》2002,5(3):65-70
One of the most impor tant factors impacting the development of today‘s private higher education in China is that there are not enough policies to support in.Then,the history of private higher educationin Nanjing Nationalist Government(1927-1749)is focused on. 相似文献
10.
WEI Erhu LIU Jingnan SHI Chuang 《地球空间信息科学学报》2007,10(1):12-16
The meaning to research the potential of VLBI for geodetic applications is summarized. And the observation models and their related parameters of geodetic interest are investigated. Then, the principle and method of using the random model in VLBI data processing are investigated. With the world wide VLBI data from 2000-2004, the conditions to compute the parameters of geodetic interest are introduced, and so are the computing methods and processes. And the computed results of the parameters of geodetic interest are analyzed. 相似文献
11.
LIN Xueyuan LI Tingjun QIU Libo LIN Yu 《地球空间信息科学学报》2006,9(2):89-93
IntroductionDouble-Star is to use two stationary orbit satellitesto locate the target which is located in the overlayarea of the the satellites’wave-beam. The two sat-ellites can only supply two equations. In order toget the three-dimensional position of… 相似文献
12.
WANG Yong LIU Yanping LIU Lintao XU Houze 《地球空间信息科学学报》2007,10(4):265-268
The feasibility of GPS precipitable water vapor (PWV) is discussed based on the comparison of Radiosonde and GPS PWV where the correlation coefficient is 0.94 and the RMS is 4.0 mm. PWV change in the C... 相似文献
13.
As a result of the 1991 Persian Gulf war, between mid‐January and June 1991, the Persian Gulf was contaminated with an estimated 4 to 6 million barrels of crude oil, released directly into the Gulf from refinement facilities, transhipment terminals, and moored tankers along the coast of Kuwait, and precipitated from oil fire smoke plumes. To assess the environmental impact of the oil, an international team of marine scientists representing 14 nations was assembled under the auspices of the United Nations International Oceanic Commission and the Regional Organization for Protection of the Marine Environment to conduct detailed surveys of the Persian Gulf, the Strait of Hormuz, and the Gulf of Oman, including hydrographic, chemical, and biological measurements. To supplement the field surveys and to serve as an aid in data interpretation, astronauts aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis photographed water features and coastal habitats in the Persian Gulf during mission STS‐45 (24 March to 02 April 1992). The astronauts collected 111 hand‐held, color photographs of the Gulf (72 70 mm photographs and 39 5‐inch photographs) from an altitude of 296 km (160 n.mi.). The photographs reveal distributions in water turbidity associated with outflow from the Shatt‐al‐Arab and water circulation along the entire coast of Iran and the Strait of Hormuz, coastal wetlands and shallow‐water habitats, and sticks appearing in the sunglint pattern, which appear to be oil. 相似文献
14.
Béla Paláncz Piroska Zaletnyik Joseph L. Awange Erik W. Grafarend 《Journal of Geodesy》2008,82(8):505-511
The Dixon resultant is proposed as an alternative to Gröbner basis or multipolynomial resultant approaches for solving systems of polynomial equations inherent in geodesy. Its smallness in size, high density (ratio on the number of nonzero elements to the number of all elements), speed, and robustness (insensitive to combinatorial sequence and monomial order, e.g., Gröbner basis) makes it extremely attractive compared to its competitors. Using 3D-intersection and conformal C 7 datum transformation problems, we compare its performance to those of the Sturmfels’s resultant and Gröbner basis. For the 3D-intersection problem, Sturmfels’s resultant needed 0.578 s to solve a 6 × 6 resultant matrix whose density was 0.639, the Dixon resultant on the other hand took 0.266 s to solve a 4 × 4 resultant matrix whose density was 0.870. For the conformal C 7 datum transformation problem, the Dixon resultant took 2.25 s to compute a quartic polynomial in scale parameter whereas the computaton of the Gröbner basis fails. Using relative coordinates to compute the quartic polynomial in scale parameter, the Gröbner basis needed 0.484 s, while the Dixon resultant took 0.016 s. This highlights the robustness of the Dixon resultant (i.e., the capability to use both absolute and relative coordinates with any order of variables) as opposed to Gröbner basis, which only worked well with relative coordinates, and was sensitive to the combinatorial sequence and order of variables. Geodetic users uncomfortable with lengthy expressions of Gröbner basis or multipolynomial resultants, and who aspire to optimize on the attractive features of Dixon resultant, may find it useful. 相似文献
15.
AbstractThe study anticipated to understand sand encroachment evolution through analysis of sand contribution across space and time using remote sensing in Laâyoune-Tarfaya basin, Morocco, over the period from 1987 to 2011. The assessment based on supervised classifications of Landsat imagery orthorectified data, using Maximum Likelihood (ML), Minimum Distance (MD) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers. In order to ameliorate the information, principal components analysis (PCA) and co-occurrence measurement algorithm were used for choosing bands and data transformation. Images differencing was applied on image pairs derived from classification to analyze sand encroachment evolution. All classifiers present enhanced performances, and revealed that area covered by sand was increased by 7%, 4.66% and 4.59% for ML, MD and SVM, respectively. Consequently, images differencing results confirmed that sand material increasing arise not only from coastal area contribution but also mostly from erosion of complicated sand dunes exist in the middle part of the studied area. Evaluating of the presented phenomenon dimensions and its consequences are extremely important to increase the local authorities awareness and mainly for avoiding or minimizing the consequences of the future sand dunes threats. 相似文献
16.
This study analyses the relationship between fire incidence and some environmental factors, exploring the spatial non-stationarity
of the phenomenon in sub-Saharan Africa. Geographically weighted regression (GWR) was used to study the above relationship.
Environment covariates comprise land cover, anthropogenic and climatic variables. GWR was compared to ordinary least squares,
and the hypothesis that GWR represents no improvement over the global model was tested. Local regression coefficients were
mapped, interpreted and related with fire incidence. GWR revealed local patterns in parameter estimates and also reduced the
spatial autocorrelation of model residuals. All the covariates were non-stationary and in terms of goodness of fit, the model
replicates the data very well (R
2 = 87%). Vegetation has the most significant relationship with fire incidence, with climate variables being more important
than anthropogenic variables in explaining variability of the response. Some coefficient estimates exhibit locally different
signs, which would have gone undetected by a global approach. This study provides an improved understanding of spatial fire–environment
relationships and shows that GWR is a valuable complement to global spatial analysis methods. When studying fire regimes,
effects of spatial non-stationarity need to be incorporated in vegetation-fire modules to have better estimates of burned
areas and to improve continental estimates of biomass burning and atmospheric emissions derived from vegetation fires. 相似文献
17.
《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(1):39-50
For half a century all cartography in the Soviet Union has been under centralized control. It was recognized early that mapmaking was an activity of prime importance. All phases of the activity—from cartographic education and the preparation of topographic and thematic maps to the development of regional atlases and school maps—have been managed by and for the benefit of the state in accordance with its economic and social objectives. This has had a significant effect on the development of cartography, the degree of its standardization, and the relative emphasis placed on its various aspects. 相似文献
18.
19.
MushtakTalibJabbar HUGuangdao ZHANGZhenfei 《地球空间信息科学学报》2004,7(3):187-192
The policy of the Chinese government concerning the horizontal expansion of the cultivated land through the reclamation of desert soils result in a total increase of 665. 985 km^2 during the period 1987-1999 in North Shaanxi. This increase is less than the loss in arable land by urbanization. The accelerated rate of change in agricultural areas calls for more rapid surveys of urbanization and loss of arable land. Remote sensing has a number of advantages over ground-based methods for such surveys. The multi-scale concept of remote sensing data help us study the problem in four towns. Several maps were produced to analyze the situation of urban coverage in different times. The evaluation of the status, rate and risk of urbanization are based on an accepted average of urban increase as 2% of population growth per year. 相似文献
20.
《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(1):107-118
Abstract The starting point of this paper is the idea that a comprehensive understanding of the earth and its systems calls for consideration of bygone views of the world. Creating facsimiles of antique globes in the form of digital globes provides a new opportunity to make such bygone world views accessible to a wide scientific audience. However, up to now, little practical experience in applying digital technology on globes has been made. Considering these attempts by thorough synopsis, this article deduces a comprehensive approach on virtual representations of antique globes that can be described by the superordinate concept of virtual representation. This concept comprises facilities of data acquisition of the original globe, ways of visualising the digitised globe and its final cartographic preparation. Applications that arise from this procedure are exemplified through both virtual hyperglobes and tactile hyperglobes. New findings on a 16th century earth globe are encouraging results of the presented virtual representation approach, which may offer a sustainable visualisation platform of interdisciplinary research. 相似文献