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1.
研究川藏高原地区的电离层活动特性，能够为本地区提供高精度导航定位和授时服务。本文基于欧洲轨道确定中心(CODE)2014—2019年的全球电离层格网(GIM)总电子含量(TEC)数据和太阳参数F10.7的修正指数F10.7p,利用时间序列分析、相关性分析以及快速傅里叶分析的方法，对川藏高原地区的电离层时空特性进行分析。实验结果表明：(1)川藏高原不同季节的TEC存在差异，尤其是在太阳活动高年时，体现了TEC的年度异常、半年度异常和冬季异常。(2)川藏高原的TEC主要周期表现为26.4、121.7、182.6、219.1、365.0 d,体现了TEC的27 d周期变化，半年变化，年变化。(3)受赤道异常影响，低纬度地区(30°N以下)的TEC较大。TEC在08:00:00—20:00:00相对较大，在20:00:00—08:00:00较小，这一特征在各经度处相同。 相似文献
2.
《测绘科学》2020,(8)
为了研究分析京津冀地区的电离层时空变化特性,为本地区提供高精度导航定位和授时(PNT)服务,该文以国际GNSS服务(IGS)中心提供的2000—2018年的全球电离层总电子含量(TEC)格网模型产品数据为基础,研究该区域电离层时空分布特性及太阳活动与电离层的相关性。结果表明:电离层TEC与F10.7指数相关系数为0.83,与太阳黑子数相关系数为0.78,与太阳活动呈现出高度相关性;京津冀地区TEC每日最大值出现在UTC4时左右,电离层TEC具有较明显的27 d周期特性,在太阳活动高年及TEC极大递减年会出现冬季异常现象;白天,同一经度TEC值随纬度的升高而降低;同一纬度TEC值随经度的升高没有明显变化。 相似文献
3.
利用GPS双频观测数据分析了仪器偏差对计算电离层TEC的影响,结果表明忽略仪器偏差的影响不能正确反映测站上空电离层总电子含量的变化规律。验证了短期内仪器偏差的稳定性,并在此基础上研究了2005年太阳活动低峰年区域电离层VTEC的周年变化规律,揭示了电离层VTEC半年变化、季节性变化及冬季异常等现象。 相似文献
4.
利用GPS双频观测数据分析了仪器偏差对计算电离层TEC的影响,结果表明忽略仪器偏差的影响不能正确反映测站上空电离层总电子含量的变化规律.验证了短期内仪器偏差的稳定性,并在此基础上研究了2005年太阳活动低峰年区域电离层VTEC的周年变化规律,揭示了电离层VTEC半年变化、季节性变化及冬季异常等现象. 相似文献
5.
太阳活动高峰年山东区域电离层时空变化研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
2012年为太阳活动高峰年份,为了研究太阳活动高年区域电离层的变化特征,该文选取了山东区域内的SDCORS站点,构建了山东区域垂直电子含量(VTEC)球谐格网模型,对该年山东区域电离层时空变化规律进行分析。实验研究表明,在空间变化上山东区域电离层表现出较强的纬度相关性,出现了明显的分层现象。同时给出了山东电离层在时间上呈现出的时段变化、日变化、月变化、季节变化,发现VTEC受太阳活动影响较大,除了存在明显的单峰和双峰结构外,该年还发生了半年度异常现象。 相似文献
6.
电离层延迟误差是卫星导航和定位中不可忽略的重要误差,全球电离层总电子含量(TEC)格网数据因其将全球按规则的经纬度格网化,并给出了相应格网点的电离层TEC值,从而为用户使用提供了极大的便利．本文基于Linux Shell脚本编写简单、快速和容易维护等优点,利用Shell脚本对电离层TEC格网数据进行提取和分析处理,主要包括全球和自定义区域电离层TEC数据提取、均值计算、格网经纬度互差计算、最值提取等应用,可为基于全球电离层格网(GIM)数据对全球或区域电离层TEC周年变化、季节变化、周日变化规律以及时空变化特性等相关规律的分析研究提供一定的参考. 相似文献
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卫星导航服务的全球电离层时变特性分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对电离层对无线电波应用技术的影响,该文利用IGS提供的1998年—2012年的全球电离层TEC数据,结合相应的太阳活动数据,采用时间序列分析、相关性分析以及等值线图等数理统计的方法,分析了全球电离层的时变特性;分析了电离层TEC、F10.7和太阳黑子数的相关性,发现3者之间的相关系数高度线性相关。通过电离层日变化规律的研究发现:电离层TEC日极大值出现的时刻集中在当地时间12时至16时,其中14时占38.47%,12时占26.58%,16时占19.05%;夜间TEC值与太阳活动强度密切相关,在太阳活动低峰年,夜间全球电离层TEC平均值在5TECU左右,在太阳活动高峰年,夜间全球电离层TEC平均值在17TECU左右,最大值可达24TECU。最后,从日地距离和太阳活动强度两个方面,讨论了全球电离层TEC季节变化规律以及成因。 相似文献
9.
SAMI2 (Sami2 is Another Model of the Ionosphere)是美国海军实验室开发的电离层物理模型.利用该物理模型,模拟了东亚扇区不同太阳活动强度、不同纬度地区三个站的电离层电子浓度总含量 (TEC). 通过模拟结果与GPS观测站 TEC 数据的比较,检验 SAMI2 在此扇区的电离层 TEC 计算精度. 结果表明,物理模型输出的电离层 TEC 具备与观测数据一致的周日变化、季节变化,太阳活动变化. 周日分布上,上午时段SAMI2? TEC 与观测数据吻合度优于午后时段;季节分布上,SAMI2 TEC 在冬季与观测值偏差小于其他季节;SAMI2? TEC 与GPS TEC 相关系数各站均达到0.87以上,与赤道地区Guam站相关性最好;太阳活动低年计算结果优于太阳活动高年;多数情况下,SAMI2 TEC 相对GPS TEC 偏大. 本文结果为基于SAMI2模型构建背景误差分布特征,开展该区域电离层数值预报研究可行性提供了理论支持. 相似文献
10.
利用傅里叶变换,对2011年电离层总电子含量、太阳黑子相对数、太阳远紫外线0.1~50 nm波段和26~34 nm波段辐射数据、地磁场Kp指数和Dst指数进行功率谱分析,研究了2011年日地空间的准27 d周期振荡。发现在电离层和太阳活动指数中存在偏离27 d的21.5 d准周期振荡,同一时间内地磁活动指数没有发现这一现象,推断这可能是由太阳活动区演变引起的。对近几个太阳活动周的分析表明,21~23 d的准周期信号会在太阳活动上升期重复出现。利用太阳中央子午线左右[-10°,10°]经度范围内的太阳活动区面积,进一步证实2011年地球电离层和太阳指数数据中的21.5 d准周期振动可能是太阳活动区的演变与太阳较差自转的综合影响。利用全球电离层格网数据,研究了地球电离层准27 d周期振荡的全球分布。 相似文献
11.
Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
12.
SVG是一种基于XML的用来描述二维矢量图形和矢量/栅格混合图形的标记语言,虽然SVG不是为了面向地理空间数据发布而制定的标准,但它的许多特性都能被广泛地应用到WebGIS中,从而实现矢量WebGIS。由于SVG通过简单的文本语句描述矢量图像,所以SVG通常数据量很小,并且SVG支持GZIP压缩,所以基于SVG构建WebGIS能减轻网络传输负载,加快地图显示速度。SVG内置了对JavaScript的支持,且SVG可通过DOM解析映像成内存中的树型结构,所以客户层可通过JavaScript对DOM的操作实现对地图的缩放、漫游、查询、图层控制等交互操作。 相似文献
13.
本文在讨论DDE技术的基础上，对MapInfo的DDE机制的实现作了探讨和分析。根据技园区域GIS的实际开发工作，介绍了利用DDE技术在MapInfo中成功地集成Foxpro和Autocad. 相似文献
14.
遥感技术在土地利用动态监测中的应用 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
金时华 《测绘与空间地理信息》2006,29(1):98-101
主要论述遥感技术在土地监测中的应用,以某地区土地利用动态遥感监测研究项目的运作过程为例进行阐述。首先介绍了土地利用动态监测的具体内容和技术路线。其次,对数据预处理与信息采集的方法与手段进行了探讨。最后,对作业的内、外业主要过程以及应提交的成果作了介绍。 相似文献
15.
地理数据库的关系模型及其实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。 相似文献
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Automatic 3D extraction of building roofs from remotely sensed data is important for many applications including city modelling. This paper proposes a new method for automatic 3D roof extraction through an effective integration of LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data and multispectral orthoimagery. Using the ground height from a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), the raw LIDAR points are separated into two groups. The first group contains the ground points that are exploited to constitute a ‘ground mask’. The second group contains the non-ground points which are segmented using an innovative image line guided segmentation technique to extract the roof planes. The image lines are extracted from the grey-scale version of the orthoimage and then classified into several classes such as ‘ground’, ‘tree’, ‘roof edge’ and ‘roof ridge’ using the ground mask and colour and texture information from the orthoimagery. During segmentation of the non-ground LIDAR points, the lines from the latter two classes are used as baselines to locate the nearby LIDAR points of the neighbouring planes. For each plane a robust seed region is thereby defined using the nearby non-ground LIDAR points of a baseline and this region is iteratively grown to extract the complete roof plane. Finally, a newly proposed rule-based procedure is applied to remove planes constructed on trees. Experimental results show that the proposed method can successfully remove vegetation and so offers high extraction rates. 相似文献
18.
遥感和GIS技术应用于伊拉克南部Basrah省土地利用/覆盖变化及城市扩张研究(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In recent years, land use/cover dynamic change has become a key subject that needs to be dealt with in the study of global
environmental change. In this paper, remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are integrated to monitor, map,
and quantify the land use/cover change in the southern part of Iraq (Basrah Province was taken as a case) by using a 1:250
000 mapping scale. Remote sensing and GIS software were used to classify Landsat TM in 1990 and Landsat ETM+ in 2003 imagery
into five land use and land cover (LULC) classes: vegetation, sand, urban area, unused land, and water bodies. Supervised
classification and normalized difference build-up index (NDBI) were used respectively to retrieve its urban boundary. An accuracy
assessment was performed on the 2003 LULC map to determine the reliability of the map. Finally, GIS software was used to quantify
and illustrate the various LULC conversions that took place over the 13-year span of time. Results showed that the urban area
had increased by the rate of 1.2% per year, with area expansion from 3 299.1 km2 in 1990 to 3 794.9 km2 in 2003. Large vegetation area in the north and southeast were converted into urban construction land. The land use/cover
changes of Basrah Province were mainly caused by rapid development of the urban economy and population immigration from the
countryside. In addition, the former government policy of “returning farmland to transportation and huge expansion in military
camps” was the major driving force for vegetation land change. The paper concludes that remote sensing and GIS can be used
to create LULC maps. It also notes that the maps generated can be used to delineate the changes that take place over time.
Supported by the Al-Basrah University, Iraq, the Geo-information Science and Technology Program (No. IRT 0438)China). 相似文献
19.
随着城市面貌日新月异,地下管网的建设也在持续推进,作为城市的地下“神经网络”,全天24 h保障城市的正常运转和发展。本文以实现城市管网管理系统的高可用、无插件、智能化为目标,采用“地上地下一体”“二三维一体”的设计理念,研究基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的关键技术,实现了管线设施管理的信息数字化、空间化与图形化。 相似文献
20.
We aim a better understanding of the effect of spring-time snow melt on the remotely sensed scene reflectance by using an extensive amount of optical spectral data obtained from an airborne hyperspectral campaign in Northern Finland. We investigate the behaviour of thin snow reflectance for different land cover types, such as open areas, boreal forests and treeless fells. Our results not only confirm the generally known fact that the reflectance of a melting thin snow layer is considerably lower than that of a thick snow layer, but we also present analyses of the reflectance variation over different land covers and in boreal forests as a function of canopy coverage. According to common knowledge, the highly variating reflectance spectra of partially transparent, most likely also contaminated thin snow pack weakens the performance of snow detection algorithms, in particular in the mapping of Fractional Snow Cover (FSC) during the end of the melting period. The obtained results directly support further development of the SCAmod algorithm for FSC retrieval, and can be likewise applied to develop other algorithms for optical satellite data (e.g. spectral unmixing methods), and to perform accuracy assessments for snow detection algorithms.A useful part of this work is the investigation of the competence of Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) in snow detection in late spring, since it is widely used in snow mapping. We conclude, based on the spectral data analysis, that the NDSI -based snow mapping is more accurate in open areas than in forests. However, at the very end of the snow melting period the behavior of the NDSI becomes more unstable and unpredictable in non-forests with shallow snow, increasing the inaccuracy also in non-forested areas. For instance in peatbogs covered by melting snow layer (snow depth < 30 cm) the mean NDSI -0.6 was observed, having coefficient of variation as high as 70%, whereas for deeper snow packs the mean NDSI shows positive values. 相似文献