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1.
基于卫星数据的热红外图像模拟可以为热红外大气校正、地表温度和发射率反演和前期验证提供数据支撑,同时也可以为热红外传感器的波段设置和优化提供参考。热红外图像模拟是进行热红外定量遥感研究的有效手段。本研究利用Terra星上搭载的ASTER（Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer）遥感数据所反演得到的地表温度和发射率产品,基于高光谱辐射传输模型,模拟8—14 μm（714—1250 cm-1）,波谱分辨率为0.25 cm-1的星上TOA（Top of Atmosphere）高光谱热红外成像模拟数据。在此基础上,结合高光谱热红外图像数据的特点,实现了温度和发射率分离算法,以及对比了不同的基于图像的大气校正算法。结果显示,本文提出的热红外图像模拟方法可行,能够为评价不同的大气校正、温度和发射率分离算法提供有效的数据支撑。 相似文献
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层状硅酸盐矿物光谱曲线特征具有较大相似性,在以往可见光-近红外遥感中的区分提取难度较大。本文采用的加拿大先进的热红外航空成像光谱仪(Thermal Airborne Hyperspectral Imager,简称TASI),可获取具有高分辨率的热红外高光谱数据。基于TASI数据并利用热红外波段的发射率光谱可探测出矿物Si-O键振动特征的优势,可做到矿物亚类的区分识别和矿物丰度信息的提取,使硅酸盐矿物亚类中的层状硅酸盐矿物区分提取的精确性得以提高。本文对甘肃北山柳园工作区进行了基于发射率光谱特征的层状硅酸盐蚀变矿物提取实验。通过分析从图像获取的端元光谱曲线特征,并与ASU光谱库标准光谱曲线进行对比,确定目标端元,成功区分出了绿泥石、高岭石等层状硅酸盐矿物,经野外实地验证后,确认所提取信息精确性较高。 相似文献
3.
机载高分辨率遥感是高分对地观测的重要部分,其中高分辨率高光谱热红外数据的光谱发射率可以用于矿物识别,是对可见光遥感地物识别的有效补充。机载高光谱热红外传感器TASI（Thermal Airborne Hyperspectral Imager）在8—11.5 μm范围内设置了32个波段,在国内外常被用于地表热辐射信息、矿产资源探测等领域。本文利用2018-10在新疆富蕴县研究区的TASI航空飞行数据,首先基于再分析大气廓线NCEP数据与MODTRAN实现了TASI高光谱热红外数据的大气校正,并在基础上发展了温度与发射率分离方法TES（Temperature and Emissivity Separation method）反演研究区地表温度与发射率,采用多波段热辐射计CE312测量的地面发射率对反演结果进行了有效验证,结果表明波长大于9.6 μm的波段的发射率误差约为0.01。最后,结合反演的TASI发射率光谱曲线,采用光谱角度匹配方法提取了研究区高岭石的空间分布。研究工作涉及的相关算法与应用成果可为星载高分辨率热红外载荷数据的应用提供了相关参考。 相似文献
4.
本文运用ASTER遥感数据识别与提取新疆南天山铜花山地区蛇绿混杂岩带岩性信息。首先,利用比值法快速区别岩性,并比较了识别同一种岩性的不同指数的性能;然后,将对数残差算法应用在ASTER数据的短波红外波段上,在区域尺度上把蛇绿岩杂岩体同围岩区分开来;最后,运用标准光谱数据和光谱角填图法识别出多种蛇绿岩成分及其空间分布。现有地质图和野外验证反映出该方法有一定效果。利用混淆矩阵对光谱角填图法分类结果定量评价,结果表明,把ASTER的可见光-近红外、短波红外波段数据结合在一起进行岩性分类,可以达到比单独用短波红外数据分类更高的分类精度。 相似文献
5.
一个用神经网络优化的针对ASTER数据反演地表温度和发射率的多波段算法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
提出了针对ASTER数据同时反演地表温度和发射率的多波段算法。即利用ASTER数据的第11~14热红外波段建立热辐射传输方程，并同时对相应波段的发射率建立近似线性方程，得到6个方程6个未知数，从而形成了针对ASTER数据的同时反演地表温度和发射率的多通道算法。利用3种方法求解方程： ①先分类，然后进行数学计算； ②利用最小二乘法； ③利用神经网络方法。利用辐射传输模型MODTRAN 4模拟数据进行反演及验证分析，结果表明，神经网络能够提高算法的精度和实用性，反演的地表温度平均误差为0.5 ℃，反演的发射率平均误差分别在0.007(11、12波段)和0.006(13、14波段)以下。 相似文献
6.
Landsat系列、ASTER等中等空间分辨率遥感数据（中分数据）覆盖了碳酸盐矿物、粘土矿物、铁氧化物矿物等矿物的诊断光谱区间,广泛应用于矿物、岩石信息提取,但受限于空间分辨率,混合像元现象明显,严重制约了其岩性分类精度。WorldView-2、QuickBird等高空间分辨率遥感数据（高分数据）提供了岩石地层表面丰富的空间结构信息,同时空间分辨率的提高也是缓解混合像元效应的最有效途径,但高分数据覆盖的光谱区间往往较窄,难以满足大多数特征吸收谱段位于短波红外、热红外区间的矿物、岩石信息提取。在岩性自动分类方法上,前人研究中仍以采用基于像元的分类方法为主,分类结果的“椒盐现象（Salt-and-pepper,出现在分类结果图中大量孤立的错分点或小图斑）”严重。为结合中分数据的光谱信息优势和高分数据的空间结构信息优势,同时减少基于像元的岩性分类方法中的“椒盐现象”,提高岩性自动分类精度,本文以Landsat 8 OLI数据和WorldView-2数据为例,提出了一种协同中、高分遥感数据进行面向对象的岩性模糊分类的方法。首先通过“结构协同”和“光谱协同”方案对WorldView-2数据和OLI数据进行信息协同,利用主成分变换对协同后数据的纹理信息和光谱信息进行压缩和增强,然后将增强后的纹理信息和光谱信息进行波段绑定,并进行多尺度分割。根据岩性单元间的光谱特征和纹理特征的差异,构建各岩性单元的模糊逻辑隶属度函数,实现对研究区岩性的模糊分类。实验结果表明,该方法成功划分了岩性单元的分布,总体岩性分类精度为89.35％。 相似文献
7.
高光谱遥感,在成像过程中,它利用成像光谱仪,在可见光、近红外、中红外、热红外波段范围内,获取许多非常窄的连续光谱的影像数据,其成像光谱仪可以收集到上百个非常窄的光谱波段信息,实现了地物的空间信息、辐射信息、光谱信息的同步获取。本文基于遥感平台,对泰国研究区的Hyperion数据进行研究,采用光谱角矿物填图(SAM)方法进行填图,对研究区矿产预测评价起到了良好的辅助效果。在现代地理信息系统学科技术和地理数据库的基础上,将泰国研究区中所获得的地质、遥感、矿产等相关数据资料进行入库,建立泰国国家的数据库。 相似文献
8.
星载高光谱图像获取少,卫星发射成本高,同时中红外通道机理复杂,模拟难度大,图像模拟的研究工作缺乏。针对上述问题,本文首先对通道之间的相关性进行分析;其次在统计分析的基础上,构建数据模拟模型,模型平均相对误差均小于10%。运用FY4A热红外数据;最终模拟2.5—5.0μm,光谱分辨率为50 nm的中红外波段高光谱地表发射率数据。本文构建的模型可为中红外波段的图像模拟与载荷研制等应用提供理论支撑,为中红外高光谱图像模拟提供方法和手段;可为遥感器载荷设计过程中方案的可行性分析与论证、设计制造、运维以及后期管理保障提供重要的理论基础。 相似文献
9.
基于ASTER GED产品的地表发射率估算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地表发射率是地表温度反演的重要输入参数,为了解决现有地表发射率估算方法在裸露地表精度较差的问题,本文基于最新的ASTER全球地表发射率产品(ASTER GED)和基于植被覆盖度的方法(VCM),提出了一个改进的地表发射率估算方法。首先,利用ASTER GED产品求解裸土发射率,然后,利用ASTER波谱库中的植被发射率和植被覆盖度结合VCM方法计算地表发射率。利用张掖地区2012年11景ASTER TES算法反演的地表发射率产品和实测地表发射率数据进行了验证,同时利用一景Landsat 8 TIRS数据分析了对地表温度反演精度的影响。结果表明该方法估算的地表发射率整体精度较高,可以有效改进裸露地表的发射率估算精度,用于支持利用多种热红外传感器数据生产高精度的地表温度产品。 相似文献
10.
11.
基于ASTER数据的蚀变矿物信息提取——以哈密黄山铜镍矿区为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在分析哈密黄山铜镍矿区典型地物波谱特征的基础上,设计了基于ASTER数据的蚀变信息提取流程,详细论述了对4组含不同离子或基团的常见蚀变矿物应用主成分分析(PCA)进行蚀变信息提取、采用光谱角制图法(spectral angle mapper,SAM)进行干扰异常筛选的“SAM去干扰异常主分量门限技术”.4组(9种)蚀变矿物包括:含Fe离子的矿物(针铁矿、赤铁矿)、含CO23-基团的矿物(方解石、白云石)、含Al - OH基团的矿物(白云母、蒙脱石、高岭石)以及含Mg - OH基团的矿物(绿泥石、绿帘石).蚀变矿物信息提取结果表明,“SAM去干扰异常主分量门限技术”方法可行,对ASTER数据的应用效果与实际情况比较吻合,充分证明ASTER在短波红外范围内具有很强的矿物刻画能力. 相似文献
12.
Mineral deposit mapping is very essential for sustainable and eco-friendly exploitation of natural resources. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has abundant natural resources such as natural gas, oil and minerals. It reserves high quantity of minerals such as phosphates, bauxites, copper, gold and other industrial minerals. The red soil regions located in Hail and Qassim provinces of Saudi Arabia have rich amount of bauxite (major aluminum ore) deposits. In order to initiate the focus on mapping of mineral deposits along this area, standardized hyper-spectral analysis has been carried out by using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellite data. The spectral signature of gibbsite (major element in bauxite) samples is analyzed with reference to the spectral features of gibbsite in the visible near infrared and short-wave infrared bands electromagnetic spectrum. Advanced hyper-spectral transformations such as minimum noise fraction function and pixel purity index have been performed to identify the target end-member. The existence of the mineral is confirmed by comparing the spectral signatures of the end-member with the predefined spectral plots of ASTER and United States Geological Survey spectral libraries. Finally, the end-members are mapped and their abundance is estimated in 0–1 scale. The study has opened up new areas for mapping of bauxite deposits in the area and leads to eco-friendly exploitation of natural resources. It also validates the high potential of ASTER multispectral satellite data for the exploration and mapping of mineral resources. 相似文献
13.
AbstractGeological mapping is one of the primary tasks of remote sensing. Remote sensing applications are especially useful when extreme environmental conditions inhibit direct survey such as in Antarctica. In this investigation, a satellite-based remote sensing approach was used for mapping alteration mineral zones and lithological units using Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data in the Oscar II coast area, north-eastern Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula. Specialized band ratios and band combinations were developed using visible and near infrared, shortwave infrared (SWIR) and thermal infrared spectral bands of ASTER for detecting alteration mineral assemblages and lithological units in Antarctic environments. Constrained Energy Minimization, Orthogonal Subspace Projection and Adaptive Coherence Estimator algorithms were tested to ASTER SWIR bands for detecting sub-pixels’ abundance of spectral features related to muscovite, kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, epidote, chlorite and biotite. Results indicate valuable applicability of ASTER data for Antarctic geological mapping. 相似文献
14.
AbstractRemote sensing techniques provide meaningful information to mineral exploration by identifying the hydrothermally altered minerals and the fracture/fault systems. In this article, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data were processed to detect the hydrothermal alteration zones in Hamama area in the central part of the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Band ratios and principal component analyses successfully revealed the extent and the geometry of the hydrothermal alteration zones that trend in an NE–SW direction. Matching pixel spectrum derived from Minimum Noise Fraction, Pixel Purity Index, and n-dimensional visualization with reference spectra allowed characterizing key hydrothermal alteration minerals, including chlorite, kaolinite-smectite, muscovite, and haematite, in a successive alteration pattern. Field investigations and X-Ray Diffraction analysis validated the results revealed by ASTER data. In addition, the present prospects of significant gold and massive sulphide mineralizations are consistent with the detected hydrothermal alteration zone. 相似文献
15.
We have attempted comparative analysis of the utility of linear spectral unmixing (LSU) method and band ratios for delineating bauxite from laterite within the lateritic bauxite provinces of Chotonagpur Plateau, Jharkhand of India. This was attempted based on processing of visible–near infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) spectral bands of Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) sensor. In LSU method, spectral features of main constituent minerals of lateritic bauxite are used to decompose the pixel spectra to estimate the relative abundance of bauxite and laterite in each pixel to spatially delineate bauxite within laterite. We have also compared the bauxite map derived using LSU method with bauxite maps of two band ratios in terms of spatial disposition of bauxite. We also have attempted to relate the abundance values of pixels of LSU-based bauxite map with band ratio values of bauxite pixels of two selected bauxite indices. 相似文献
16.
Feizollah Masoumi Taymour Eslamkish Mehdi Honarmand Ali Akbar Abkar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2017,45(6):1039-1055
This study attempts to evaluate the capability of the advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) and the advantages of ground knowledge for generating maps portraying hydrothermally altered areas in relation to porphyry copper deposits. The northern part of the Rabor area in the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic belt, containing some copper mineralization occurrences, was investigated as a case study. Several image processing techniques, namely minimum noise fraction, pixel purity index, and n-dimensional visualization, contributed to the extraction of pure pixels as endmembers. The spectra of some rock samples collected around the well-known altered zones of the study area were resampled to ASTER bands and used to identify the image-extracted endmembers. Spectral analysis of the endmembers and ground sample spectra led to the identification of three types of hydrothermal alterations: (1) phyllic, (2) propylitic, and (3) argillic. The identified endmembers were used as the specified targets for mapping hydrothermal alteration zones over the study area by using a mixture tuned match filtering algorithm. Results demonstrate that high abundances within pixels correspond closely to the altered areas. Field observations, thin section, and X-ray diffraction of collected samples confirmed the accuracy of the alteration maps prepared by the application of the proposed methods. The final classified hydrothermal alteration maps showed the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient values of 85.41 and 0.72%, respectively. These results ascertain that ASTER data that use suitable image processing techniques appear consistent in mapping out the distribution of hydrothermally altered areas. In addition, ground knowledge data can act as a valuable information source to increase the image classification accuracy and reliability. 相似文献
17.
提出了针对ASTER数据同时反演大气水汽含量与地表温度的三通道算法,即利用ASTER数据的第12,13,14三个热红外波段建立三个热辐射传输方程。再利用MODTRAN软件分别模拟ASTER 12,13,14波段透过率与大气水汽含量的关系,通过分析可知ASTER三个热红外波段的透过率与大气水汽含量的关系可用近似线性方程表示,从而得到另外三个方程。这样就构成了一个包含六个未知数、六个方程的方程组,形成了针对ASTER数据同时反演大气水汽含量与地表温度的三通道算法。由于各参数都可以通过方程组计算出来,所以,这种算法仅需要ASTER数据就可反演出大气水汽含量与地面温度,且关键参数大气透过率的计算精度提升到了AS-TER数据一个像元（15×15）m2的程度。 相似文献
18.
ASTER short-wave infrared bands were used to investigate the spectral discrimination of hydrothermally altered materials, based on the presence of minerals with diagnostic spectral features in wavelengths around 2200 nm (e.g. kaolinite and K-micas). Due to the presence of widespread albitized-greisenized materials, the Serra do Mendes granitoid, located in area of tropical savannah environment in Central Brazil, was selected for this study. The Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) technique was used as an attempt to detect the presence of hydroxyl-bearing minerals in the domain of the hydrothermally altered materials. Results indicated that areas of altered materials were discriminated from the surrounding mainly due to the high overall reflectance of the whitish lithosols in these areas. The detection of hydroxyl-bearing minerals was blurred by the presence of a sparse grass cover in the alteration zone, which caused a slight increase in the SAM classification angles. As a consequence, the remote detection of hydroxyl-bearing minerals was restricted to a small number of pixels from barren areas. Results indicate that, for the environmental conditions of the study area, ASTER data are more efficacious for spectral characterization of rock–soil-vegetation associations than for the detection of alteration-derived minerals. 相似文献
19.
There is considerable interest in optimizing geothermal exploration techniques via the mapping of alteration and evaporate mineralisation, as well as of thermal emissions associated with geothermally active areas on the Earth’s surface. Optical and thermal satellite sensor technologies, improvements in processing algorithms and the means for large scale (e.g. 1:250,000) spatial data distribution are required for detecting both these attributes. The extensive visible, -near, -shortwave and thermal infrared (VNIR-SWIR-TIR) data archive acquired by the multi-spectral Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission Reflectance Radiometer (ASTER) provides a rich source of geoscience related imagery for geothermal exploration. Examples of generating large scale mosaicked ASTER imagery to provide province to continental mineral mapping have been undertaken in areas including such as Australia, western USA, Namibia and Zagros Mountains Iran. In addition, ASTER’s thermal infrared imagery also provides night time land surface temperature (LST) estimates relevant for detecting possible geothermal related anomalies.This study outlines existing methods for the application of ASTER data for geothermal exploration in East Africa. The study area encompasses a section of the East African Rift System across the Tanzanian and Kenyan border. The area includes rugged volcanic terrain which has had geological mapping of limited coverage at detailed scales, from various heritages and mapping agencies. This study summarizes the technology, the processing methodology and initial results in applying ASTER imagery for such compositional and thermal anomaly mapping related to geothermal activity. Fields observations have been used from the geothermal springs of Lake Natron, Tanzania, and compared with ASTER derived spectral composition and land surface temperature results. Published geothermal fields within the Kenyan portion of the study area have also been incorporated into this study. 相似文献
20.
Lithological Mapping in the Eastern Part of the Central Iranian Volcanic Belt Using Combined ASTER and IRS data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Seyed Mohammad Hadi Hadigheh Hojjatollah Ranjbar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2013,41(4):921-931
The study area is located in the eastern part of the central Iranian volcanic belt. Advanced Space-borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS ) pan images were used for applying several image classification methods for lithological mapping. ASTER visible-near infrared and shortwave infrared bands were sharpened using IRS pan image. We used classification methods such as Maximum likelihood, Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Spectral Information Divergence (SID) in order to evaluate the usefulness of these methods for geological mapping. The classification results showed that MLC has the best accuracy and the classified image closely resembles the previously prepared geology map of the area. 相似文献