共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 477 毫秒
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陆地导航中GNSS/陀螺仪组合实时测姿方法 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在陆地导航系统中使用GNSS/INS组合导航会增加系统成本,多天线GNSS测姿精度受基线长度影响,且存在的模糊度固定问题。本文提出仅利用一个陀螺仪和单天线GNSS组合来进行实时测姿。先由单天线GNSS计算姿态角3参数,航向角为陆地导航的关键参数,为此将陀螺信息与GNSS导出的航向角进行融合。分析了单天线测姿在载体静止或低速运动时精度很差的原因,提出了在组合滤波中进行解决的方案。推导了GNSS和陀螺信息融合的滤波模型,将陀螺仪信息作为状态模型的控制输入,以GNSS航向为滤波观测值。实验结果表明,GNSS/陀螺仪组合计算的航向角精度和可靠性相对GNSS测姿结果均有很大提升。 相似文献
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研究了静止条件下零角度修正在GNSS/INS组合导航中的应用。分析了静止条件下载体航向角解算漂移的原因,给出零角度修正的具体表达式。通过更改卡尔曼滤波量测方程的方法实现航向角误差修正,并用实测数据进行实验验证。结果表明,在静止条件下单独使用零角度修正可以提高载体的航向角精度,并利于垂向陀螺零偏的估计;在零角度修正基础上结合零速修正技术,航向角精度可以进一步改善。 相似文献
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车载导航系统常用惯性测量元件（IMU）与全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）技术组合以提高系统的稳定性。由于车载导航系统的应用场景限制，对初始对准速度有着较高要求。为了提高传统车载组合导航系统中低成本微机电系统（MEMS）陀螺仪的初始对准速度，降低初始对准过程中的计算量，本文提出了一种适用于任意失准角下的基于网络RTK辅助与无损Kalman滤波（UKF）的MEMS陀螺仪初始对准算法。同时针对车载系统的特点，简化了IMU系统误差方程，分析了简化带来的误差。在诺瓦泰ProPak6和诺瓦泰IMU-IGM-S1组成的导航系统中验证了本文提出的算法。试验结果表明，在以诺瓦泰双天线GNSS输出航向角为"真值"的情况下，本文提出的算法基本可以在5 s内完成陀螺仪的初始对准，对准精度达0.3°。 相似文献
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在GPS/INS辅助航空摄影测量作业过程中,如果GPS失锁时间过长将会影响到整个机载POS数据后处理精度,从而影响制图效果。文章旨在研究解决传统基于位置、速度组合的松耦合导航系统在GPS失锁情况下后处理精度不高的问题,提出基于伪距、伪距率的紧耦合导航系统:在保证外符合精度前提下,后处理后的位置内符合精度达到0.05m、航向角内符合精度约为0.005deg,各项指标均满足国外GPS/INS辅助航空摄影测量系统解算精度要求。研究结果可以为解决相关问题提供参考。 相似文献
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天文导航和捷联惯性导航(CNS/SINS)相结合构成的组合导航系统,实现导航优势的互补,提高导航的精度和可靠性。文中阐述在惯性系下,以弹道导弹为研究对象而建立CNS/SINS组合导航的数学模型,并利用MATLAB编程设计基于离散型卡尔曼滤波的组合导航系统仿真,对比SINS和CNS/SINS对载体位置误差、速度误差以及姿态角估计的影响,进而验证CNS/SINS组合导航系统的可靠性。 相似文献
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GPS/SINS组合导航系统的观测模型直接关系着导航系统的精度。提出了一种基于双差伪距/伪距率的GPS/SINS紧组合观测模型。分析了采用双差伪距和采用双差伪距/伪距率两种观测模型对组合导航输出参数精度的影响。实测数据结果表明,采用双差伪距和采用双差伪距/伪距率作为观测值均能实现组合导航系统的收敛。引入双差伪距率观测值明显改善了系统的可观测性,不仅提高了组合导航中速度和姿态角的估计精度,也加快了速度误差和姿态角误差估计的收敛速度。 相似文献
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一种低成本、低精度SINS/GPS组合导航系统及试验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在SINS（捷联式惯性导航系统）与GPS组合时，航向角的可观测性较弱，经过卡尔曼滤波后，航向角误差虽有所改善，但仍呈发散趋势，当采用低成本、低精度SINS时，该趋势进一步加剧。为了抑制该发散趋势，针对某型低成本、低精度SINS硬件组成（包括AHRS（姿态和航向参考系统）与IMU（惯性测量器件））的特点，提出了利用AHRS代替SINS航向角信息的方法。实际静态与动态试验表明，利用该方法可有效地抑制组合系统航向角的发散趋势，定位精度较高。 相似文献
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在复杂观测环境下,GNSS/INS组合导航系统的GNSS信号易受干扰从而导致INS独立导航精度迅速下降。针对上述问题,本文基于因子图的里程计辅助GNSS/INS组合导航算法,利用里程计观测信息结合非完整性约束构建航向速度约束方程,同时采用能多次线性化计算和多次迭代的因子图优化方法进行参数估计。实际车载试验解算结果表明,在GNSS信号良好时,基于因子图方法比滤波方法具有更快的收敛时间,收敛速度提高了近10倍;在GNSS信号发生中断时,添加里程计辅助后组合导航系统在东向和北向分别提升了83%和89%。与传统的滤波融合手段相比,本文采用因子图优化后在东向和北向的定位精度分别有63%、70%的改善。 相似文献
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为了提高GNSS拒止环境下车辆编队的定位精度,克服集中式滤波依赖中央处理单元且整体计算量大,进而导致协同定位系统可靠性低的问题,提出一种基于OD/SINS(里程计/捷惯导组合导航)模式下分散式协同定位算法.在OD/SINS组合导航系统方程的基础上构建了分散式协同定位模型,建立了基于位置反馈校正的测量模型,并引入载体连线边横向误差和边纵向误差来对协同定位后的相对精度进行评价.仿真结果表明,该算法与非协同模式相比,能够有效减小定位误差和航向角误差,并且能够显著提升载体之间的相对精度和编队构型的稳定程度. 相似文献
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LIN Xueyuan XU Jin ZHOU Min 《地球空间信息科学学报》2007,10(3):177-180
When SINS (strap-down inertial navigation system) is combined with GPS, the observability of the course angle is weak. Although the course angle error is improved to some extent through Kalman filtering, the course angle still assumes a divergent trend. This trend is aggravated further when using low-cost and low-accuracy SINS. In order to restrain this trend, a method that uses AHRS to substitute for SINS course angle information is put forward aimed at the hardware component characteristic of the low-cost and low-accuracy SINS including AHRS (attitude and heading reference system) and IMU (inertial measurement unit). Real static and dynamic experiments show that the method can restrain the divergent trend of the navigation system angle effectively, and the positioning accuracy is high. 相似文献
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When SINS (strap-down inertial navigation system) is combined with GPS, the observability of the course angle is weak. Although the course angle error is improved to some extent through Kalman filtering, the course angle still assumes a divergent trend. This trend is aggravated further when using low-cost and low-accuracy SINS. In order to restrain this trend, a method that uses AHRS to substitute for SINS course angle information is put forward aimed at the hardware component characteristic of the low-cost and low-accuracy SINS including AHRS (attitude and heading reference system) and IMU (inertial measurement unit). Real static and dynamic experiments show that the method can restrain the divergent trend of the navigation system angle effectively, and the positioning accuracy is high. 相似文献
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船载移动激光三维测量系统是集激光扫描仪、全球定位系统和惯性导航测量单元等于一体的多传感器集成系统，具有效率高、精度高、三维测量等特点，可解决码头、河道、海岛礁测绘中传统方法难以测量的难题。船载移动激光三维测量系统的高精度时空同步是实现数据融合和高精度三维测量的保证，安置角偏差检校是船载移动激光三维测量的关键步骤。本文首先分析了船载移动激光三维测量系统中相关坐标系之间的转换关系，提出了一种以桥体为检校场的安置角偏差消除方法。该方法在时空配准的基础上，通过扫描测线内桥体结构的偏移量分别计算侧滚角、俯仰角及航向角的安置角偏差，最后通过控制点验证误差改正后的测量精度。试验结果证明，本文方法易于实施，且具有较高的准确性，能够有效保障船载移动激光测量数据的质量和精度。 相似文献
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The straight line concept which has developed as a practical design restriction in intertial surveys with the Litton System is not only cumbersome in the planning stage but also often affects the economy of the survey adversely. A more flexible use of the system is therefore desirable. The analysis of test data taken along a well-controlledL-shaped traverse near Ottawa indicates that software modifications can eliminate a large part of the errors the to heading sensitivity. The paper discusses the design of an appropriate smoother and ways to find its model structure and its weighting from a series of test runs. Results show that the maximum standard deviation along anL-shaped traverse of100 km length is about half a metre. Further improvements are envisaged by changes in the survey procedures and a more effective use of the filter output. Optimal smoothing is not possible at present and would require a redesign of the filter output. 相似文献
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The heading accuracy of an existing shipborne inertial navigation system (INS) is affected by the oscillatory heading error caused by the misalignment angles between the gyro case and gyro axes. The accuracy of the heading determination system (HDS), which consists of two quadruple GPS antenna arrays, an INS, a total station surveying apparatus (TSSA), and two vessels, is affected by jump errors because of the degradation of tracking performance of the TSSA servo system in high dynamic conditions. Given that only pitch and roll of the INS are utilized in the HDS, we propose a high-accuracy heading determination system that combines the heading rate of the INS and linear fit of the heading difference between INS and HDS, to compensate for jump errors of HDS and oscillatory heading error of the INS. With the designed equipment, both jump errors and the oscillatory heading error can be suppressed effectively. The standard deviations of the heading errors are reduced from ±6 to ±2 and from ±8 to ±5 arcsec in mooring and sea tests, respectively, and a high accuracy of shipborne heading determination can be achieved since the oscillatory heading error is reduced to the 1 arcsec level. 相似文献
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利用最小二乘配置对非平稳空间随机场进行推估时,趋势项数学模型的选择通常无法完整体现非平稳空间随机场的系统性,这将导致经验协方差函数估计出现偏差,最终推估结果可能错误。提出了一种基于多面函数的改进最小二乘配置方法来解决上述问题。该方法引入多面函数拟合区域内的趋势项,通过多次迭代计算得到稳定的待定系数值与协方差函数的参数值,最后综合趋势项与信号项得到最终估值。分别采用了模拟地震垂直形变数据和2009年意大利L’Aquila地震的合成孔径雷达干涉测量（Interferometric SAR,InSAR）与GPS同震位移数据来对该方法进行验证,并将其结果与常规方法进行比较。结果表明,改进方法在外部检核点估值的均方残差要小于多面函数法与常规的最小二乘配置法,且受采样点位的影响最小。 相似文献
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We detail a low-cost method to estimate vehicle attitude for Satcom-on-the-move (SOTM) using micro inertial measurement unit and two-antenna global positioning system (GPS). The attitude is calculated by integrating gyros, while accelerometers and GPS are used as an aiding system to calibrate the gyro biases. In order to accurately eliminate the accelerometer errors induced by maneuvering accelerations, a sideslip compensation is proposed to calibrate the acceleration estimation derived from the GPS-measured velocity. An adaptive unscented Kalman filter is then developed to deal with the failure of the two-antenna GPS to provide the yaw and sideslip angles. When the yaw angle is unavailable and the vehicle is in straight motion, the yaw angle observation is substituted by velocity heading. During turning, the yaw angle observation is turned off and the yaw angle estimates are obtained from integrating gyros only. Meanwhile, the sideslip angle is estimated by differencing the yaw angle estimate and the velocity heading. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated with driving tests, suggesting that this technique is a viable candidate for low-cost SOTM. 相似文献
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多波束测深数据的误差分析与处理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在系统分析多波束测深数据的误差来源与性质的基础上,介绍了条带式多波束测深仪所采用的误差处理的理论模型。针对海洋测量的特点,特别强调了基于趋势面分析的粗差探测与剔除和相邻条带数据的整体拼接以及对航向误差的改正等关键问题。本文介绍的误差处理模型对保证多波束测深系统必要的精度和数据质量有着重要的实际意义。 相似文献