首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
Trumpet shell, Charonia sauliae, is an endangered and valuable species, but its artificial propagation protocol has not been successfully established. To estimate the possibility of cryopreservation for larvae of C. sauliae, which is a potential preparation for its artificial reproduction and further research, in this study a protocol for the cryopreservation of veliger larvae of trumpet shell was optimized. Through a two-step cryopreservation procedure, four kinds of cryoprotectants (ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propanediol, dimethyl sulfoxide and glycerol) were employed at three concentrations (1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 molL−1) respectively and survival rates of larvae were determined after a storage of 1h. The larvae frozen with these four cryoprotectants after 1 h storage were cultured, and then survival rates were determined at 24, 72 and 120 h after thawing. Dimethyl sulfoxide at a concentration of 1.5 molL−1 showed the best protective effect in all experiments (p<0.05). And survival rates of larvae frozen with dimethyl sulfoxide were determined after 1, 7 and 15 d of storage. The survival rates of larvae frozen with 1.5 molL−1 dimethyl sulfoxide after 1 h, 1 d, 7 d and 15 d of storage were 80.77% ±7.51%, 80.34% ±11.28%, 83.10% ±9.14% and 77.23% ±6.22% respectively. No significant differences in survival rates of larvae frozen with dimethyl sulfoxide were observed after various storage periods (p>0.05).  相似文献   

2.
以人工育苗所得的褐点石斑鱼苗为材料,水温28～31.5℃下,盐度范围0～70以组间距5共设置15个梯度,分别进行盐度渐变和骤变对鱼苗存活和摄饵影响的研究。结果表明:渐变实验中,以5/d升高或者降低盐度时,盐度10～55之间,鱼苗存活率100%;而在盐度降低至5时,平均存活时间为15.16 h,24 h存活率19.1%;盐度降至0,平均存活时间7.92 h,24 h存活率为0,盐度0时其平均存活时间与盐度5时的平均存活时间有极显著差异(P<0.01);盐度60,鱼苗基本不摄食,24 h平均存活时间38.51h,24 h存活率为89.8%,24～48 h存活率为89.8%;盐度65,鱼苗不摄食,平均存活时间10.95 h,24 h存活率0%;盐度65平均存活时间与盐度60之间有极显著差异(P<0.01);鱼苗在盐度25～45间摄食活动活跃。骤变实验中,盐度5～50,鱼苗存活时间>48 h;盐度0,24 h存活率5%,48 h存活率为0;盐度55,24 h存活率100%,24～48 h间存活率83.3%;盐度60,24 h存活率44.1%,48 h存活率降至11.1%;鱼苗在盐度65、70中24 h存活率0%;盐度0、65、70的处理组48 h平均存活时间的显著短于其它各组,盐度0～5、55～70为褐点石斑鱼苗骤变的极限生存盐度。  相似文献   

3.
In order to improve production and breed new broods of bay scallopArgopecten irradians irradians, different-colored orange, purple and white lines were established by two mating methods of self-fertilization and mass spawning at a commercial scallop hatchery in spring, 2002. And then larval growth and survival of different lines was compared to test whether there is a relationship between shell color and growth and survival at early developmental stage. Both growth and survival have no significant differences among different experimental larvae of self-fertilization or mass spawning. Results are as following in the order of orange, purple and white shell stock. For the self-fertilization, growth rates of larvae were 6.174, 6.412, and 6.599 μm/d, respectively. Survival rates of larvae at Day 3 were 74.41%, 76.86%, and 82.05%; Day 6 were 49.14%, 65.63%, and 52.79%; and Day 9 were 25.06%, 20.80%, and 26.47%, respectively. For the mass spawning, the growth rates were 7.836, 7.941, and 7.878 μm/d, respectively. Survival rates at Day 3 were 93.05%, 91.95%, and 92.50%; Day 6 were 79.17%, 78.05%, and 82.50%; and Day 9 were 34.72%, 36.67%, and 38.33%, respectively. The absence of any relationship between shell color and growth and survival at the larval stage may be resulted from their common genetic basis. This work was financially supported by Project of Scientific Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ZKCX2-211).  相似文献   

4.
马氏珠母贝胚胎和早期幼虫冷冻的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
0～4℃下,不同发育时期的马氏珠母贝(Pinctada martensii)胚胎和幼虫在不同浓度的DMSO抗冻保护液中放置30min后,置室温恢复,并以不同浓度的DMSO作为抗冻保护液,通过缓慢降温对不同发育时期的胚胎和早期幼虫进行超低温(-196℃)冷冻、35℃水浴快速解冻。结果表明:低温下DMSO对胚胎和早期幼虫活力影响较弱;马氏珠母贝的囊胚和担轮幼虫存活率较低。当DMSO体积分数为14%时,原肠胚的存活率为10%左右,且部分胚胎能够继续发育至D形幼虫;当DMSO体积分数为14%、16%时,解冻后的D形幼虫存活率超过49.9%,其中大部分存活48h以上。  相似文献   

5.
The present study evaluated the effects of chilled storage and cryopreservation on sperm motion characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation in the Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus. Sperm motility and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (Gr), and lipid peroxidation (measured via malondialdehyde (MDA) content) were determined after the milt was stored at 4°C for 12 h, cryopreserved without cryoprotectant in 12% propylene glycol (PG), cryopreserved in 12% PG+0.1 mol/L trehalose, or cryopreserved in 12% PG spermatozoa but centrifuged to decant the supernatant prior to cryopreservation (only sperm cells were cryopreserved). After chilled storage or cryopreservation, the SOD, CAT and GPx activities were reduced in sperm cells and increased in seminal plasma in almost all treatments; sperm motility parameters were also decreased. However, the addition of trehalose into the cryoprotectant could significantly improve the postthaw sperm quality as revealed by the sperm average path velocity. This improvement might be attributed to the function of trehalose in scavenging reactive oxygen species. Chilled storage and cryopreservation had significant effects on sperm motion characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation in the Pacific cod.  相似文献   

6.
大珠母贝人工繁殖技术的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
通过大珠母贝人工强化促熟、人工授精、幼虫对不同饵料的消化能力、新型采苗器的采苗以及标粗效果等实验,研究大珠母贝人工繁殖中的有关技术问题。结果表明:使用以骨条藻和天然硅藻做饵料促熟的大珠母贝亲贝进行人工授精可以获得质量较高受精率(达98%);用于亲贝人工授精的氨水溶液最佳浓度为体积分数10×10-6~30×10-6(氨水原液质量分数为25%~28%);D形幼虫对饵料的消化能力较差,宜投喂金藻和面包酵母,壳顶幼虫的消化能力强,宜增加扁藻混合投喂;在附着变态期采用新型的聚氯乙烯绳采苗器可以取得较传统附着板更好的采苗及标粗效果,单个采苗器可采壳长2 mm贝苗3.65万只,标粗40 d后贝苗平均成活率可达66.2%,壳长平均生长率可达295μm/d。  相似文献   

7.
This study examined the distribution and elimination of Norfloxacin(NFLX) in Fenneropenaeus chinensis ovary and egg and newly hatched larvae.Mature parental shrimp were exposed to 4 or 10 mg L 1NFLX for 2 or 5 d.Ovary and eggs of the shrimp were sampled after spawning in order to detect NFLX residue using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Results showed that NFLX residue accumulated in F.chinensis eggs after the parental exposure,with the highest residue detected in ovary.To examine the fate of NFLX residue in larvae,we further determined the concentration of NFLX residue in F.chinensis eggs and larvae at 4 different developmental stages after 24-h exposure.From the newly metamorphosed larvae(0 h post-metamorphosis,h.p.m),samples were taken at different time intervals to 72 h.p.m.HPLC assay showed that the concentrations of NFLX residue in zoea exposed to 4 and 10 mg L 1NFLX were the highest at 1.5 h,i.e.,0.332 and 0.454 μg g 1,respectively.At the two NFLX exposure levels,the elimination time of half NFLX(half life) in nauplius was 45.36 and 49.85 h,respectively,followed by that in zoea(31.68 and 33.13 h),mysis larvae(42.24 and 47.28 h) and postlarvae(24.48 and 30.96 h).Both NFLX exposure levels had a germicidal effect.The distribution and elimination of NFLX residue in F.chinensis tissue,eggs and larvae correlated well with the drug exposure level.The disappearance of NFLX residue coincided with the larval growth,and the half-life of NFLX decreased with the larval development.  相似文献   

8.
  相似文献   

9.
以室内育苗池或玻璃缸养殖方式,研究了不同培育密度、换水量和倒池培育对珠母贝浮游幼虫生长发育和存活的影响。结果表明:当培育密度为0.8、1.2只/mL,直线铰合期时间分别为7.00、7.40d,日均生长为5.16、4.87μm,壳顶期时间分别为10.76d和10.77d,眼点期密度为0.58只·mL-1和0.60只·mL-1,差异不显著;日换水量分别为40%、60%、80%,直线铰合期时间、壳顶期时间、日均生长及眼点期密度差异不显著,日换水量40%能满足幼虫的生长和存活;壳顶初期进行倒池培育,能促进浮游幼虫的生长发育和提高其存活率。  相似文献   

10.
不同冻结速率对军曹鱼片品质影响的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为研究冻结速率对冷冻军曹鱼片品质的影响,以2.08、1.22、0.35cm·h~(-1)三种冻结速率冻结并冻藏于-20±1℃下,观测军曹鱼片理化、质构、感官品质的变化。结果表明:军曹鱼片的冻结点为-1.9±0.2℃;随着冻结速率的增大,贮藏期间军曹鱼片的解冻汁液流失率显著下降(P<0.05),盐溶蛋白的损失率及Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性的损失率显著降低(P<0.05),但干耗变化不显著;军曹鱼片的硬度和耐嚼性随着冻藏时间的延长呈增加趋势,而回复性则下降;不同冻结速率对生、熟鱼片的色泽影响较小,但风味、质地等有显著影响(P<0.05);速冻比慢冻的鱼片更接近于新鲜鱼片,提高冻结速率有利于冻藏军曹鱼片品质的保持。  相似文献   

11.
To investigate sulfide detoxification in Urechis unicinctus,oxygen consumption rate and sulfide detoxification productswere analyzed during sulfide exposure under controlled laboratory conditions.The results showed that oxygen consumption rateswere elevated significantly during 3 h sulfide exposure compared to the control(P0.05).The concentration of sulfite in body walland hindgut of experimental worms increased significantly(P0.05)when exposed to 50μmolL-1sulfide,reached a maximum at24 h and then decreased.Similar result was observed in worms exposed to 150μmolL-1sulfide except that sulfite concentrationreached a maximum at 12 h.Contents of thiosulfate in body wall and hindgut of U.unicinctus exposed to sulfide were also significantly higher than that of the control without sulfide exposure.In conclusion,during short-time sulfide exposure U.unicinctus mayraise oxygen consumption to detoxify toxic sulfide into sulfite and thiosulfate.Sulfide detoxification was restrained when the expo-sure time was prolonged or sulfide concentration was increased,which was indicated by decrease of sulfite,the intermediate productof sulfide detoxification.  相似文献   

12.
水温22±1℃条件下,研究不同盐度(15.0、18.0、21.0、24.0、27.0、30.0、33.0)对虎斑乌贼(Sepia pharaonis)受精卵孵化及幼体活力的影响。结果表明,受精卵孵化适宜盐度范围为27.0~33.0,最适盐度范围为30.0~33.0,随着盐度增加,培育周期和孵化周期呈逐渐缩短趋势,而孵化率则呈先升后降趋势。盐度15.0环境中,初孵幼体经24h累计死亡率为100%;盐度18.0、21.0中,24h的累计死亡率分别为4.15%和5.83%,不投饵存活8d和9d;盐度24.0~33.0中,24h幼体累计死亡率均为0,不投饵存活9~10d。随着盐度的增加,幼体的不投饵存活系数(SAI值)先升后降,在盐度30.0时达到最大值,盐度(y)与SAI值(x)间的函数关系可表示为:y=-0.1764x2+9.807 9x-104.33(r2=0.927 8)。  相似文献   

13.
The effects of different dietary lipid content on the growth and lipase activity of Eriocheir sinensis larvae were studied in the paper. The results showed that the survival, metamorphic rate and weight gain of E. sinensis larvae at different stages of growth all varied significantly with lipid content (P<0.05). Further, the survival and metamorphosis rates were the highest during the larval phases Z3 to Z4, and the weight gain was the highest during the larval phases Z5 to M. During the first 20 h after metamorphosis of every larval stage, the lipase activity increased over time at Z1, Z2, Z3 and M and declined at Z4 and Z5, and was influenced significantly by lipid content (P<0.05). In addition, lipase activity at each larval stage began to respond to dietary lipid contents 4 h after the larvae were fed, and tended to be stable after 12 h. The diets with higher lipase activity and lower lipid content were selected to give the suitable recipe of lipid requirements at each larval stage. It was concluded that the suitable lipid requirements at Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5 and M were 6%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 8% and 10%, respectively.  相似文献   

14.
This study describes the complete diaUel hybridization between newly introduced bay scallop stock （W） from Canada and local commercial stock （D） grown under laboratory conditions, in China. Larval survival and growth during all life stages （larvae, spat, and adult） were compared among hybrid （DW, WD） and purebred （DD, WW） populations. Significant heterosis was detected for survival during the larval stage （〉 1% of the mid-parent values）. The mean heterosis （Hm） varied in growth throughout the life span. More than 50% of the Hm values were positive and negative in the DW and WD groups, respectively. The influence of maternal effects and mating types （intrapopulation vs. interpopulation crosses） on growth for all life stages was not consistent. Larval survival did not differ significantly （P〉0.05） with maternal effect or mating type. In the harvest stage, shell length （SL）, shell height （SH）, shell width （SW）, and total weight （TW） were larger in the hybrid compared with the inbred groups. Positive Hm values were observed in SL （1.5%）, SW （5.8%）, and TW （12.3%）, and were more significant in the DW groups （6.1%, 4.5%, 6.8%, and 27.2%）. These results suggest that hybridization between two geographic populations is a good tool for improving bay scallop growth. However, unstable heterosis between the two populations requires further study.  相似文献   

15.
A new kinetic spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of iron (Ⅲ). The method is based on the catalytic effect of iron (Ⅲ) on the oxidation of weak acid brilliant blue dye (RAWL) by KIO4 in acid medium. The advantages of the proposed method are that it is sensitive, accurate, rapid, inexpensive, can be operated under room temperature and has a large determination concentration range compared to other techniques. The obtained optimum conditions are: pH 3.15, RAWL (200 mgL-1) 5.00mL, Potassium periodate solution (0.01 molL-1) 0.30mL, phenanthroline (0.02molL-1) 1.00mL, reaction temperature 25℃ and reaction time 7 miu. With this method iron could quantitively be determined in the range 0.00-0.02 mgL-1, the detection limit being 4.10×10-10mL-1. The relative standard deviations (RSD) in five replicate determinations for 3 μgL-1 and 5μgL-1 iron (Ⅲ) are 3.1% and 1.9%, respectively. The method has been applied to the determination of iron (Ⅲ) in tap water samples and seawater samples (from the South China Sea), the recovery rates being 98.0% and 100.5%, respectively.  相似文献   

16.
We evaluated the effect of pH on larval development in larval Pacific oyster(Crassostrea gigas) and blood cockle(Arca inflata Reeve).The larvae were reared at pH 8.2(control),7.9,7.6,or 7.3beginning 30 min or 24 h post fertilization.Exposure to lower pH during early embryonic development inhibited larval shell formation in both species.Compared with the control,larvae took longer to reach the D-veliger stage when reared under pH 7.6 and 7.3.Exposure to lower pH immediately after fertilization resulted in significantly delayed shell formation in the Pacific oyster larvae at pH 7.3 and blood cockle larvae at pH 7.6 and 7.3.However,when exposure was delayed until 24 h post fertilization,shell formation was only inhibited in blood cockle larvae reared at pH 7.3.Thus,the early embryonic stages were more sensitive to acidified conditions.Our results suggest that ocean acidification will have an adverse effect on embryonic development in bivalves.Although the effects appear subtle,they may accumulate and lead to subsequent issues during later larval development.  相似文献   

17.
采用室内水泥池及活饵培育配套技术进行尖吻鲈苗种阶段工厂化育苗。投放刚孵化出膜的仔鱼１６０万尾,经室内池８ｄ的培育,成活率为９０％;经１３ｄ的培育其规格超过１ｃｍ,成活率为５６．９％;经２４ｄ的培育平均规格达２ｃｍ左右,平均成活率为５０％,共育出８０万尾。苗种生长快,体质健壮,成活率高。关键技术是：基础设施配套;采用不同活饵,做到适口、及时转化、足量;定期过筛分级培育;水质控制良好;注意防病。２ｃｍ以上鱼种阶段采用多种方式培育,经１５～２０ｄ的饲养,规格达３～４ｃｍ,平均成活率为６５％～７５％。  相似文献   

18.
We evaluated the effect of pH on larval development in larval Pacific oyster （Crassostrea gigas） and blood cockle （Arca inflata Reeve）. The larvae were reared at pH 8.2 （control）, 7.9, 7.6, or 7.3 beginning 30 min or 24 h post fertilization. Exposure to lower pH during early embryonic development inhibited larval shell formation in both species. Compared with the control, larvae took longer to reach the D-veliger stage when reared under pH 7.6 and 7.3. Exposure to lower pH immediately after fertilization resulted in significantly delayed shell formation in the Pacific oyster larvae at pH 7.3 and blood cockle larvae at pH 7.6 and 7.3. However, when exposure was delayed until 24 h post fertilization, shell formation was only inhibited in blood cockle larvae reared at pH 7.3. Thus, the early embryonic stages were more sensitive to acidified conditions. Our results suggest that ocean acidification will have an adverse effect on embryonic development in bivalves. Although the effects appear subtle, they may accumulate and lead to subsequent issues during later larval development.  相似文献   

19.
比较在0、5、10、15、20、25、30(自然海水)、35、40、45、50等11个盐度梯度下,菊黄东方鲀(Takiugu flavidus)的受精卵发育和仔鱼生长情况,测定仔鱼的不投饵存活系数(SAI).结果表明:1)菊黄东方鲀受精卵在盐度0~50范围内均可孵化,最适盐度20~25.盐度(x)与孵化时间(y)呈正相关关系,表达式为:y=0.345 x+141.1,R2=0.956.2)实验盐度范围内,菊黄东方鲀仔鱼SAI值为1.55~30.10.3)在盐度5~45条件下,仔鱼皆可存活,存活率为3%~27%.其中,在10~30盐度下存活率较高,为20%~27%.经15 d的培育,仔鱼平均全长为6.28~7.34 mm.低盐度对菊黄东方鲀仔鱼生长更有利,在15~20盐度条件下,仔鱼生长较好,最终平均全长为7.30~7.34 mm.4)根据SAI值和生长状况,仔鱼生长和存活的适宜生长盐度为10~30,最适盐度范围为15~20.  相似文献   

20.
Trumpet shell (Charonia lampas sauliae) (Mollusca, Heterogastropoda, Cymatidae) has extensive economic value. Studies on the artificial larval development of C. lampas sauliae for aquaculture utilization have become especially important due to the finite natural resources. In the present study, the growth and survival rate of the larvae of C. lampas sauliae broodstocks fed three types of starfish diets, Asterina pectinifera Müller & Troschel 1842, A. amurensis Lütken 1871 and their mixture were compared. The larval size increased gradually between day 10 and day 20 after hatching at 15°C and 20°C. No difference was found in body size and specific growth rate (SGR) (two-way ANOVA; P > 0.05). However, during transition from trochophore to veliger stage 20 days after hatching, significant increases in larval survival and growth rates were observed. The maximum survival rate was observed on day 10. The mean survival rate was 0.463, 0.730 and 0.515 at 15°C, and 0.369, 0.713 and 0.444 at 20°C when A. pectinifera, A. amurensis and their mixture were fed, respectively. The SGR and survival rate of the larvae were definitely influenced by the diets (P < 0.05), and the effect of A. amurensis alone was higher than that of A. pectinifera alone and their mixture.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号