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1.
On August 8, 2017, a Ms 7.0 earthquake occurred 5 km to the west of Jiuzhaigou National Park, causing 25 deaths and injuring 525. The objective of this study was to explore the seismogenic fault of the earthquake and tectonic dynamics of the source rupture. Field investigations, radon activity tests, remote sensing interpretations, and geophysical data analyses were carried out immediately after the earthquake. The Jiuzhaigou earthquake occurred at the intersection of the northern margin of the Minshan uplift belt and the south part of the Wenxian–Maqin fault in the south margin of the West Qinling geosyncline. There are two surface rupture zones trending northwest (NW), which are ground coseismic ruptures caused by concealed earthquake faults. The rupture on the southwest is the structure triggering the earthquake, along the Jiuzhaitiantang–Epicenter–Wuhuahai. The other one on the northeast (Shangsizhai–Zhongcha–Bimang) is a reactivation and extension of the secondary fault trending NW. The source rupture of this earthquake is a strike-slip shear fracture associated with the fault plane trending NW 331° and steeply dipping 75°, which is continuously expanding at both ends. The tectonic dynamics process of the source rupture is that the “Jiuzhaigou protrusion” is left-lateral sheared along the seismogenic fault in the NW direction. Finally, the Maqin fault and the arc fault system at the top of the “Wenxian protrusion” will be gradually broken through sometime in far future, as well as earthquaketriggered landslides will be further occurred along the narrow corridor between the seismogenic faults. The research results revealed the basic geological data and tectonic dynamic mechanism in this earthquake.  相似文献   

2.
以绝对重力做控制,对滇西网1985—2010年流动重力资料进行统一平差处理,平均点值精度为12×10 -8 ms-2 /a;单点重力时变曲线主要呈现出季节性的上下波动和长期性的上升或下降趋势运动,部分点重力动态变化与丽江7.0级地震孕育过程相吻合;基于长期观测的重力场年变化率反映了重力场在一段时期内的趋势性变化：1985—1995年和1996—2003年年变化率图像可能反映丽江7.0级地震前后能量的累积、释放和调整,2003年以后剑川断裂、鹤庆 洱源断裂和红河断裂北段附近重力值上升速度均超过10×10 -8 ms-2/a;基于初始断裂运动模型正演模拟的滇西重力场年变化率图像与实测图像非常相似,说明断裂运动对重力场趋势性变化有重要贡献;基于长期观测的重力场年变化率反演的滇西主要活动断裂年错动量与地质上给出的结果相仿,基本上反映了各断裂的活动性质。  相似文献   

3.
Nepal was hit by a 7.8 magnitude earthquake on 25th April, 2015. The main shock and many large aftershocks generated a large number of coseismic landslips in central Nepal. We have developed a landslide susceptibility map of the affected region based on the coseismic landslides collected from remotely sensed data and fieldwork, using bivariate statistical model with different landslide causative factors. From the investigation, it is observed that most of the coseismic landslides are independent of previous landslides. Out of 3,716 mapped landslides, we used 80% of them to develop a susceptibility map and the remaining 20% were taken for validating the model. A total of 11 different landslide-influencing parameters were considered. These include slope gradient, slope aspect, plan curvature, elevation, relative relief, Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), distance from epicenters of the mainshock and major aftershocks, lithology, distance of the landslide from the fault, fold, and drainage line. The success rate of 87.66% and the prediction rate of 86.87% indicate that the model is in good agreement between the developed susceptibility map and the existing landslides data. PGA, lithology, slope angle and elevation have played a major role in triggering the coseismic mass movements. This susceptibility map can be used for relocating the people in the affected regions as well as for future land development.  相似文献   

4.
????InSAR??????ENVISAT ASAR?????????????2008??3??21??????7.1??????????α?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????λ??????0~14 km???????????λ???ж?F2??2.05 km?????5.47 m??????F1????????????????????????????ж?F2?????F3-N/F3??S??????????????????????????????????????????????ж?????Σ????λ???????С?????????????Mo=5.16??10 19 N??m?????????7.07????  相似文献   

5.
?????HYPODD???????????????о????λ????????????CAP?????????????????????????????5??????????????????????????ε??????????????????????????????????????????????е??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????-??????????????????????????????????Σ????????о??и??μ????λ????5.5?????????????????????????????????????λ???λ??7??5.5???????????????4????????????????3?????????????????????????-??????????-????4?????????????????????  相似文献   

6.
�봨8.0������ͬ���������α�ЧӦģ��   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：7  
???????λ??????????е???????????????????Ms8.0???????????????????仯?????????????????????λ????????????????????????α?仯?????????????????????????????????????????仯????,????????????????????????????????????α?????????????????????????????仯?????10??10 -8 ms -2???￡??????????仯??????????50??10 -8 ms -2?????????????????????????  相似文献   

7.
采用Sentinel-1A卫星提供的升降轨雷达影像数据研究门源地震同震形变及震源机制。首先利用合成孔径雷达差分干涉(D-InSAR)技术获得门源地震的同震形变场;然后以升降轨同震形变场为源数据,利用弹性半空间位错模型进行反演,确定地震的断层几何参数和滑动分布;最后基于同震滑动模型对升降轨同震形变场进行正演。结果表明,沿雷达视线方向的升轨和降轨同震形变场最大抬升形变量分别为39 cm和58 cm,最大沉降形变量均为56 cm。此次门源地震为左旋走滑型地震事件,发震断层方向为NWW-SEE、走向为109°、倾角为86°,主要集中在地下2～6 km处,最大滑动量为4.2 m,释放的地震距为8.22×1018Nm(MW6.6)。正演结果表明,本文滑动分布模型准确可靠。  相似文献   

8.
????????λ???????????2011???????????????????λ?????????????GPS??????????????????????????????????1??????????λ???????????????????λ????????????????????????????λ????λ????????嶼??????е????????о??5 000?????????????3 mm??????????λ???????λ???????GPS????????????????????2??????????????????????????????λ??????????????????????λ???????????1%??4%???С?????????????????????????????6%??15%????????Χ????????ò????????????????????????????????GPS????????2011????????????????????????????????3???????й????????????GPS?????????????2011?????????????????????????????????????(3.24??4.96)??10 22 Nm???????????Mw8.97??9.10??4??2011???????????????????????????????????????????仯????????????????????????????????????????????Ч???  相似文献   

9.
黄河大柳树坝址岩体破坏机制动力模拟试验分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
黄河黑山峡大柳树坝址区存在大范围的岩体松动破坏现象，其主要特征是岩体应力释放，结构面张开，密度显著下降。为进一步研究岩体松动的成因机制，在详细调查区域地质背景条件及区域地震动力作用基础之上，提出了地震动力作用与岩体松动现象的内在联系。通过动力模拟试验进一步证明大柳树坝址区存在的大深度、大范围岩体松动与历史上该地区发生的强烈地震具有密切关系。因此在目前的工程地质条件下，一旦发生较大强度的地震活动，坝址区所遭受的破坏程度会更大，对拟建的水利工程设施将产生严重威胁。  相似文献   

10.
A catastrophic landslide occurred at Xinmo village in Maoxian County, Sichuan Province,China, on June 24, 2017. A 2.87×106 m3 rock mass collapsed and entrained the surface soil layer along the landslide path. Eighty-three people were killed or went missing and more than 103 houses were destroyed. In this paper, the geological conditions of the landslide are analyzed via field investigation and high-resolution imagery. The dynamic process and runout characteristics of the landslide are numerically analyzed using a depth-integrated continuum method and Mac Cormack-TVD finite difference algorithm.Computational results show that the evaluated area of the danger zone matchs well with the results of field investigation. It is worth noting that soil sprayed by the high-speed blast needs to be taken into account for such kind of large high-locality landslide. The maximum velocity is about 55 m/s, which is consistent with most cases. In addition, the potential danger zone of an unstable block is evaluated. The potential risk area evaluated by the efficient depthintegrated continuum method could play a significant role in disaster prevention and secondary hazard avoidance during rescue operations.  相似文献   

11.
???FG5????????????й?????????????????12?????????????????????????????????????????????????5??10 -8 ms -2??????????????峱????????????????????FG5??????????????Ms6.0???????????  相似文献   

12.
At 5 am 24 th June 2017, a catastrophic landslide hit Xinmo Village, Maoxian County, Sichuan Province, China. The slide mass rushed down from an altitude of 3400 m and traveled 2700 m in a high velocity. The 13 million m~3 deposition buried the whole village and caused about 100 deaths. The source area of the landslide is located in a high steep slope, average slope angle is 40o and maximal angle is 65o. The strata are interbedded Triassic Zagunao Formation metamorphic sandstone and slate with the dip slope angle of 45°. Based on high-resolution satellite remote sensing image, UAV image, DEM data, and field investigation, failure mechanism, travel features, and deposit characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that this landslide was influenced by Songpinggou Fault zone. According to the topography before the failure, the landslide is located in the back scarp of an antecedent landslide induced by Diexi Earthquake in 1933. The bedding slope provided potential rupture surface. Historical seismic activities and long-term gravitational deformation caused rock mass accumulated damages. Weathering and precipitation weakened the rock mass and finally induced shearing and tension failure. A huge block detached from the top rock slope, pushed the past landslide deposits in the middle part, rushed out of the slope bottom in a high velocity and buried the Xinmo Village. The rapid movement entrained and brought the soil into the Songping Gully which recoiled with and bounced back from the opposite mountain.  相似文献   

13.
高陵地震前,震中周缘100 km范围内跨断层垂直形变无明显异常变化。地震没有引起活动断裂的同震形变,但导致断层失稳,在余震的持续作用下断层蠕滑加剧,最终引起零口跨断层测点处断裂发生3 mm左右的永久垂直形变,推测地震的发生与渭南塬前断裂活动有关。  相似文献   

14.
??????????????GPS??????????????е????????????????????????λ??????????????????????????????????ε???????????????????ε????????????????λ???1.5??2 m??????δ???????????????????????????Σ?????λ????0.8 m???????δ?????в??????????λ???0.7 m?????????κ???????????????????????????Ρ????????y????????λ?????????????????????????????????????????????λ????????????  相似文献   

15.
A two-dimensional finite element method （FEM） model that incorporates faults, elastic rock physical properties, topographical load due to gravity and far-field plate velocity boundary conditions was used to recognize the seismogenic stress state along the fold-and-thrust belt of the Precordillera-Sierras Pampeanas ranges of western Argentina. A plane strain model with nine experiments was presented here to examine the fault strength with two major rock phyical properties： cohesion and angle of internal friction. Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion with bulk rock properties were applied to analyse faults. The stress field at any point of the model was assumed to be comprised of gravitational and tectonic components. The analysis was focused to recognize the seismogenic shear strain concentrated in the internal-cristaline domain of the orogene shown by the modeling. Modeling results are presented in terms of four parameters, i. e., （i） distributions, orientations, and magnitudes of principal stresses （σ1 and σ3）, （ii） displacement vector1 （iii） strain distribution, and （iv） maximum shear stress （τmax） contour line within the model. The simulation results show that the compressive stress is distributed in and around the fault systems. The overall orientation of of σ1 is in horizontal directions, although reorientations do occur within some stress weaker parts, especially subsequent to the faults. A large-scale shear stress is accumulating along the active faults of Tapias-Villicum Fault （TVF）, Salinas-Berros Fault （SBF）, Ampacama-Niquizanga Fault （ANF） and Las Charas Fault （CF）, which could act as local stress and strain modulators to localize the earthquakesoccurrence.  相似文献   

16.
西藏冈底斯B型山链南缘松多群的构成及其变质变形特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
松多群是冈底斯B型山链变质基底的组成部分之一 ,并于晚三叠世—晚第三纪雅江缝合带俯冲超碰撞阶段演化为该B型山链活化根带逆冲推覆超岩片 ,系冈瓦纳大陆北缘于震旦—寒武纪小洋盆及陆缘火山沉积的产物。松多群岔萨岗组、马布库组、雷龙库组及罗马岭超镁铁质岩带 ,彼此间均为构造接触 ,实为一套构造岩石组合体 ,由时代相近而来源、性质不同的地质体构成 ,并经历了低绿片岩相—低角闪岩相变质作用和 4期主要构造变形。岔萨岗组主体为变质基性火山岩 ,化学成分相当TMORB ;马布库组、雷龙库组片岩、石英岩相当于被动陆缘泥砂质复理石建造及石英质复理石建造。罗马岭超镁铁质岩经综合分析判别则形成于伸展裂陷小洋盆构造环境。因而得出松多群为一较完整有限小洋盆火山沉积产物的结论。  相似文献   

17.
Earthquake-induced potential landslides are commonly estimated using landslide susceptibility maps. Nevertheless, the fault location is not identified and the ground motion caused by it is unavailable in the map. Thus, potential coseismic landslides for a specific fault motion-induced earthquake could not be predicted using the map. It is meaningful to incorporate the fault location and ground motion characteristics into the landslide predication model. A new method for a specific fault motion-induced coseismic landslide prediction model using GIS (Geographic Information System) is proposed herein. Location of mountain ridges, slope gradients over 45 o , PVGA (Peak Vertical Ground Accelerations) exceeded 0.15 g, and PHGA (Peak Horizontal Ground Accelerations) exceeded 0.25 g of slope units were representing locations that initiated landslides during the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan. These coseismic landslide characteristics were used to identify areas where landslides occurred during Meishan fault motion-induced strong ground motions in Chiayi County in Taiwan. The strong ground motion (over 8 Gal in the database, 1 Gal = 0.01 m/s 2 , and 1 g = 981 Gal) characteristics were evaluated by the fault length, site distance to the fault, and topography, and their attenuation relations are presented in GIS. The results of the analysis show that coseismic landslide areas could be identified promptly using GIS. The earthquake intensity and focus depth have visible effects on ground motion. The shallower the focus depth, the larger the magnitude increase of the landslides. The GIS-based landslide predication method is valuable combining the geomorphic characteristics and ground motion attenuation relationships for a potential region landslide hazard assessment and in disaster mitigation planning.  相似文献   

18.
矿体含银量>100g/t,其它有益组分不及工业品位,称之为单一型银矿床;矿体含银量>80g/t,其它有益组分达到工业品位,称之为共生组合型银矿床。中国银矿床明显受地层层位控制,其主要赋矿地层有:元古界高于庄组、三岔子组、大石桥组、银洞沟组、歪头山组;古生界为泥盆系。其次为寒武—奥陶系和石炭—二叠系;中生—新生界。赋矿岩石建造主要有5种类型:1.碳酸盐岩;2.中酸性火山熔岩或次火山岩;3.含火山物质的沉积岩;4.沉积碎屑岩;5.变质岩。中国银矿床的形成具长期性和多期次性的特点,其主要表现在岩浆活动、区域变质和构造变动等的改造作用。银矿床的分布基本与活动带的分布区相一致。中国层控银矿床共分四大类和二个亚类。  相似文献   

19.
昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震的地壳变形特征   总被引：33，自引：15，他引：18  
利用全球定位系统1991－2001年及震后4期GPS观测数据。获得了2001年11月14日昆仑山口西地震（Ms8.1)的同震和震后形变运动图像，跨破裂带GPS网最近两点测得的最大同震形变为1.9m左右，而震后4个月断层蠕滑引起的变形约为80mm，破裂带两侧震后变形幅度具有非对称性。南侧震后变形基本是北侧的2－3倍。研究结果显示破裂带南盘在震后向偏东方向有明显移动，预示本次地震后能量的重新分配与积累，根据近几十年以来东昆仑断裂带的大地震由西向东扩展的特点，未来地震有向东迁移的可能。  相似文献   

20.
Deep-seated large-scale toppling failure presents unique challenges in the study of natural slope deformation process in mountainous regions.An active deep-seated toppling process was identified in the Erguxi slope located in southwest China,which affected a large area and damaged critical transportation infrastructure with the volume of the deforming rock mass exceeding 24×10~6 m~3.It poses significant risks to the downstream Shiziping Hydropower Station by damming the Zagunao River.Field investigation and monitoring results indicate that the deformation of the Erguxi slope is in the advanced stage of deep-seated toppling process,with the formation of a disturbed belt but no identifiable master failure surface.It was postulated that the alternating tensile and shear strength associated with the hard/soft laminated rock strata of metasandstone and phyllite layers preclude the development of either a tensile or shear failure surface,which resulted in the continuous deformation and displacement without a catastrophic mass movement.The slope movement is in close association with the unfavorable geological conditions of the study area in addition to the construction of transportation infrastructure and the increase of the reservoir level.On the basis of the mechanism and intensity of the ongoing toppling deformation,a qualitative grading system was proposed to describe the toppling process and toevaluate the slope stability.This paper summarized the field observation and monitoring data on the toppling deformation for better characterizing its effect on the stability of the Erguxi slope.The qualitative grading system intends to provide a basis for quantitative study of large-scale deep-seated toppling process in metamorphic rocks.  相似文献   

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