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1.
中扬子地区上奥陶统-下志留统五峰组-龙马溪组页岩在纵向上具有较强的非均质性, 影响着页岩储层含气性以及后期的可压裂性。本研究综合测井曲线、钻井岩心、薄片观察、有机碳测试、X衍射矿物测试以及主微量元素测试, 在建立研究区页岩等时地层层序格架的基础上, 剖析该套页岩在有机质丰度、矿物组分、页岩岩相等方面的非均质性特征, 结合恢复的古气候和古环境信息, 揭示控制非均质性的主控因素。研究结果表明: 五峰组-龙马溪组一段页岩识别出2个三级层序, 其中五峰组划分出海侵体系域(TST1)和高位体系域(HST), 龙马溪组一段划分出海侵体系域(TST2)和早期高位体系域(EHST)。海侵期页岩硅质含量高, 黏土含量较低, 有机碳含量高, 主要发育硅质页岩相和含黏土硅质页岩相; 早期高位域期, 页岩发育粉砂质条带和透镜状层理, 黏土含量较高, 有机碳含量较低, 主要发育含硅黏土质页岩相。古气候指标(CIA、Rb/Sr)、古生产力指标(Cu/Al、P/Al)、氧化还原条件指标(MoEF、UEF)以及陆源输入(Ti)指标在垂向上的变化表明研究区在海侵期具有较高古生产力, 缺氧的沉积环境、低陆源输入以及相对干燥寒冷的气候条件, 而高位体系域期, 研究区表现为古生产力较低、弱还原-氧化的沉积环境、高陆源输入以及相对温暖潮湿的气候条件。火山活动、底流作用、古气候、古生产力、氧化还原条件以及陆源输入是研究区五峰组-龙马溪一段页岩纵向非均质性的主控因素。最后通过与上扬子地区页岩层段参数对比, 发现研究区主要具有埋藏深度较深、富机质页岩层段明显偏薄、含气量偏低, 脆性矿物含量偏多等特征。 相似文献
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【目的】以泌阳凹陷泌页HF-1井核桃园组页岩油储层为研究对象,分析泥页岩地层测井的沉积学。【方法】通过改进的Δlog R方法,建立适合研究区泥页岩有机质含量的测井计算公式;根据计算的有机质含量,结合矿物组分含量及自然伽马能谱测井特征,分析沉积环境变化。【结果与结论】利用测井资料计算泌阳凹陷泌页HF-1井核桃园组泥页岩地层中的TOC,取得较好的效果,计算公式可在本研究区其他未取岩心的井中推广应用。泌页HF-1井核桃园组2 390～2 465 m地层由底部到顶部其沉积环境变化:湿润多雨的气候条件下基本一直处于还原环境,但是随着湖水深度逐渐变浅以及陆源物质输入的增加,地层中有机碳含量逐渐减少;其中2 432～2 461 m地层为深水还原环境,陆源物质输入较少,有利于有机质的堆积和保存,是最有利的页岩油储层赋存潜力段。 相似文献
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晚奥陶—早志留世转折期是一个重要的地质历史时期,在这一相对短暂时间内(440～453 Ma),全球板块构造形态、古气候条件、古海洋环境、生物群类型等都发生了巨大的改变。扬子地区在这一全球大背景之下沉积了五峰组和龙马溪组两套富有机质泥页岩,是页岩气勘探的重点层位。有机质丰度决定着页岩生烃能力的强弱,同时还影响着储层吸附能力及储集空间的大小,是储层含气性的决定因素。有机质富集所涉及的因素较多,过程复杂,古海洋初级生产力、古氧相及沉积速率、成岩降解等对其都有影响,其中古生产力决定有机质数量,古氧相是有机质保存的决定性条件,这两者是富有机质泥页岩主要影响因素。然而五峰组—龙马溪组纵向上有机质丰度差异较大,具有很强的非均质性。因此,为厘清五峰组—龙马溪组垂向沉积环境演化及有机质丰度差异原因,对四川盆地南缘叙永地区田林剖面上奥陶统临湘组—下志留统龙马溪组地层剖面进行实测及连续采样,并开展了岩石矿物学及详细沉积地球化学(主量、微量及稀土元素)研究。结果表明:田林剖面五峰组—龙马溪组Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值、Ce异常、Eu异常指示非陆源硅主要为生物成因,SiO_2、Si_(xs)与CaO、TiO_2含量的强负相关性表明硅质含量受陆源输入量及古水深控制;Mo/TOC值与Mo/U值指示五峰组沉积初期具有强滞留环境,而有机质富集层段主要在半滞留环境下沉积形成;斑脱岩密集层段较高古生产力表明火山活动对古生产力有提升作用;总有机碳与古氧相代替系数的高相关性表明有机质富集整体主要受古氧相控制;而古生产力代替系数整体与总有机碳相关性不高是由于生境类型的差异及陆源输入量与古生产力、古氧相的利弊关系导致对古生产力有利的沉积环境往往对应较差的还原条件。综合分析认为,五峰组—龙马溪组不同沉积阶段有机质富集模式不同。非灭绝期为低陆源输入量的深水环境产生的良好缺氧条件;第一幕灭绝期(五峰组沉积末期),成烃母质生物勃发、强"海洋雪"作用以及高成烃母质生物沉降速率致使有机质十分富集;第二幕灭绝期(龙马溪组沉积初期),高成烃母质生物沉降速率加之大量有机质在水底分解消耗氧化剂的同时,分层水体阻碍O_2补给造就的水底长期极度缺氧环境,致使该时期有机质极为富集。 相似文献
4.
泥页岩层系岩相研究是页岩油勘探的基础工作，由于钻井取心较为困难且陆相湖盆范围小，相变快，使岩相精细识别与预测较为困难。测井曲线精确度高，纵向连续性好，可以准确识别与预测岩相。利用全岩X衍射（XRD）、薄片鉴定及地球化学分析测试等实验数据，将岩相按"三级次-三单元"划分方案进行划分，将测井曲线与TOC值、矿物含量等参数进行拟合，综合识别岩相，最后在高分辨率层序格架下建立岩相旋回叠加模式，从而进行岩相展布研究。结果表明该地区为一套以Ⅰ型和Ⅱ1型干酪根为主生油湖相烃源岩，可划分为18种岩相，其中富有机质黏土质层状泥岩、富有机质混合质纹层状泥岩、页岩为页岩油优势岩相。岩相各评价指标可通过测井曲线计算与预测。岩相与层序存在耦合关系，在等时地层格架下具可预测性。沙三4亚段泥页岩层系岩相在此格架下，形成了MSC1中部与MSC2两个有机质富集层，以及SQ5~SQ8上升半旋回4个沉积构造发育带。 相似文献
5.
《地质科技通报》2013,32(6):95
下寒武统荷塘组(黄柏岭组)是下扬子地区重要的页岩气勘探层位之一,主要为一套沉积于斜坡-陆棚-盆地相的灰黑
色泥岩、碳质页岩、硅质页岩及硅质岩。以杨树岭剖面为研究对象,通过系统的野外观察、剖面实测及室内样品测试分析工作,对
下扬子地区的这套泥页岩开展了系统的综合层序地层学研究,对其体系域构成和沉积演化进行了精细划分,并将其划分结果与泥
页岩的气源潜力进行了对比分析。研究发现,在层序格架中,层序演化的不同阶段对泥页岩的气源潜力具有重要的控制作用,尤
其在层序演化凝缩段沉积的泥页岩具有最优的页岩气气源潜力,反映了开展层序地层格架研究对页岩气资源的勘探工作具有重
要的预测作用和指导意义。 相似文献
色泥岩、碳质页岩、硅质页岩及硅质岩。以杨树岭剖面为研究对象,通过系统的野外观察、剖面实测及室内样品测试分析工作,对
下扬子地区的这套泥页岩开展了系统的综合层序地层学研究,对其体系域构成和沉积演化进行了精细划分,并将其划分结果与泥
页岩的气源潜力进行了对比分析。研究发现,在层序格架中,层序演化的不同阶段对泥页岩的气源潜力具有重要的控制作用,尤
其在层序演化凝缩段沉积的泥页岩具有最优的页岩气气源潜力,反映了开展层序地层格架研究对页岩气资源的勘探工作具有重
要的预测作用和指导意义。 相似文献
6.
辽河盆地东部凸起太原组页岩气聚集条件及有利区预测 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
从辽河盆地东部凸起太原组泥页岩发育的沉积背景、地球化学条件、储集物性及含气性等方面分析页岩气聚集的基础条件,采用多信息叠合法对该区太原组页岩气富集有利区进行预测.结果表明:太原组地层发育潮坪、沼泽及泻湖相,富有机质暗色泥页岩、碳质泥页岩,单层厚度大,分布面积广,连续性好,有机碳平均质量分数为3.3%,有机质类型以Ⅲ型为主的混合型,生烃潜力较大,热演化程度高,处于大量生气的阶段;泥页岩脆性较好,孔隙和裂缝发育,含气性好,具备页岩气聚集的地质、地球化学条件及储集物性条件,有利于页岩气的生成、富集及后期储层改造.根据页岩气富集的多种因素分析结果,认为王家南部地区页岩气聚集条件和储集性能较优越,是辽河盆地东部凸起太原组页岩气勘探开发的有利区域. 相似文献
7.
基于井震联合反演方法的泥页岩有机碳质量分数预测及应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
《东北石油大学学报》2015,(2)
针对含油气泥页岩有机非均质性强的特点,以松辽盆地南部小城子地区青山口组为例,提出利用井震联合反演方法预测有机碳质量分数的空间分布.该方法首先基于改进的Δlg R模型确定井剖面上有机碳质量分数的变化,分析有机碳质量分数与纵波阻抗的相关性;然后根据测井评价和稀疏脉冲约束波阻抗反演数据分别求取垂向和水平变差函数;最后利用井震联合反演得到高分辨率有机碳质量分数数据体.结果表明,该方法可以有效预测青山口组有机碳质量分数空间分布,后验井检验反演结果与测井评价有机碳质量分数符合率达82.7%;参照页岩油资源分级评价标准,研究区青山口组页岩油主要富集于青一段,区域上分布在西部和城10井区.该方法为少井或勘探初期地区泥页岩有机碳质量分数的空间分布预测提供新思路,对页岩油勘探开发具有指导意义. 相似文献
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9.
以山东省上古生界海陆过渡相富有机质泥页岩为研究对象,对泥页岩的沉积环境、厚度及分布、有机质类型及含量、有机质演化程度等资料进行分析,认为石炭-二叠纪山西组和太原组泥页岩发育厚度大而稳定,有机质类型以Ⅲ型为主,镜质体反射率一般在0.7%~1.7%之间,有机碳含量一般在1.5%~9.0%之间,是页岩气主要富集层位。以含气量不小于0.5m3/t、镜质体反射率不小于0.5%、有机碳含量平均不小于2.0%等为资源量评价标准,建立有机碳含量与含气量关系模型,估算山东省上古生界页岩气潜在地质资源总量为5 736.75×108 m~3,明确了具有勘查价值的区域有鲁西南含煤区、黄河北含煤区、阳谷-茌平含煤区和临清坳陷,为山东省上古生界页岩气下一步勘查指明了方向。 相似文献
10.
渤海湾盆地黄河口东洼优质烃源岩发育控制因素 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
《东北石油大学学报》2017,(1)
通过对黄河口东洼古近系3套烃源岩的岩石热解、抽提物饱和烃、芳烃(GC/MS)分析,研究烃源岩的地球化学特征,指出优质烃源岩发育层段,并对其形成的控制因素进行分析。结果表明:黄河口东洼沙三段、沙一二段和东下段存在有机质丰度高、类型好、生烃能力强的优质烃源岩。其中沙三段烃源岩厚度大,有机质丰度最高,类型最好,主要为Ⅱ1和Ⅰ型,且已进入生烃门限,优质烃源岩最为发育;沙一二段烃源岩次之,有机质丰度较高,类型较好,主要为Ⅱ1型,优质烃源岩较为发育;东下段烃源岩相对较差,有机质丰度主要达到好烃源岩的标准,有机质类型主要为Ⅱ2型,有机质丰度和类型相对前两者差一些。构造和古气候、湖盆古生产力及有机质保存条件控制烃源岩发育,沙三段沉积时期气候炎热湿润,大量的藻类输入形成较高的生产力水平,半深湖—深湖还原环境使有机质的保存条件良好,有机质含量整体较高。沙一二段沉积时期气温有所降低,藻类勃发,具有较高的古生产力,低Pr/Ph、高伽马蜡烷/C30藿烷反映水体盐度较高,沉积环境为缺氧的强还原环境,对有机质的保存极为有利。东下段沉积时期气候温暖半湿润,母质来源构成上以混源为主,但陆源高等植物输入更多,沉积环境主要为淡水还原环境,总体上古生产力水平和有机质保存条件相对前两者较差,整体有机质含量偏低,有机质类型偏差。 相似文献
11.
基于测井电阻率和有机地球化学数据，利用页岩极化率测试和干酪根激光拉曼测试等技术手段，对导致南方下古生界高演化海相页岩呈现极低电阻率（测井电阻率低至10~1Ω·m及以下）的主控因素进行了分析，深入探究了其内在成因，并对其地质意义进行了探讨。结果显示:有机质丰度和成熟度是影响极低电阻率测井的主要因素；w（TOC）与测井电阻率和实测电阻率均呈现出良好的负相关关系；成熟度越高，达到极低电阻率所需要的最低w（TOC）界限值越低，页岩的极化率也随之增加。石墨化的有机质是致使高演化页岩出现极低电阻率的主要"导电矿物"，有机质开始发生石墨化的"临界点"对应的Rmc Ro约为3.5%。极低电阻率特征是页岩有机质结构发生显著变化、向石墨化演进的重要标志。极低电阻率测井响应预示着页岩储层品质极可能遭受了巨大的损害:生烃能力枯竭、有机质孔隙大幅减少、吸附性能降低、含气性骤降。因此，圈定极低电阻率页岩范围，排除"有机质石墨化"的高风险区，对下古生界高演化海相页岩选区评价具有重要意义。 相似文献
12.
Upper Paleozoic Marine Shale Characteristics and Exploration Prospects in the Northwestern Guizhong Depression,South China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhenhong Zhu Genshun Yao Zhanghua Lou Aimin Jin Rong Zhu Chong Jin Chao Chen 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2018,17(4):773-790
Multiple sets of organic-rich shales developed in the Upper Paleozoic of the northwestern Guizhong Depression in South China. However, the exploration of these shales is presently at a relatively immature stage. The Upper Paleozoic shales in the northwestern Guizhong Depression, including the Middle Devonian Luofu shale, the Nabiao shale, and the Lower Carboniferous Yanguan shale, were investigated in this study. Mineral composition analysis, organic matter analysis(including total organic carbon(TOC) content, maceral of kerogen and the vitrinite reflection(Ro)), pore characteristic analysis(including porosity and permeability, pore type identification by SEM, and pore size distribution by nitrogen sorption), methane isothermal sorption test were conducted, and the distribution and thickness of the shales were determined, Then the characteristics of the two target shales were illustrated and compared. The results show that the Upper Paleozoic shales have favorable organic matter conditions(mainly moderate to high TOC content, type Ⅰ and Ⅱ_1 kerogen and high to over maturity), good fracability potential(brittleness index(BI) 40%), multiple pore types, stable distribution and effective thickness, and good methane sorption capacity. Therefore, the Upper Paleozoic shales in the northern Guizhong Depression have good shale gas potential and exploration prospects. Moreover, the average TOC content, average BI, thickness of the organic-rich shale(TOC 2.0 wt%) and the shale gas resources of the Middle Devonian shales are better than those of the Lower Carboniferous shale. The Middle Devonian shales have better shale gas potential and exploration prospects than the Lower Carboniferous shales. 相似文献
13.
Black shales of the Paleocene Patala Formation are proven source rocks for conventional hydrocarbons in southern Potwar Basin of Pakistan and are assumed to be effective source rocks towards north in the Margalla Hill Range of Pakistan. In this regard, the current study focuses on source rock geochemistry of the Paleocene Patala Formation to assess its source rock potential, organic matter types and thermal maturity levels in the Mar-galla Hill Range of North Pakistan. Source rock generative potential, kerogen types and thermal maturation of the analysed rock samples were unraveled by using Rock-Eval pyrolysis Tmax, TOC (total organic carbon) and vitrinite reflectance ( R0 ) analyses. TOC analysis coupled with S2 yield revealed poor to fair source rock quality encountered within the formation. The pyrolysis Tmax vs Hydrogen Index ( HI) , showed mostly Type Ⅲ kerogen dominated by thermally immature to mature organic matter. The HI and genetic potential is low and revealed poor hydrocarbon generation potential of the formation. The S1 vs TOC plots confirm the indigenous nature of the hydrocarbons hosted by Patala Formation. The vitrinite reflectance outcomes indicated immature to mature source rock beds lying in dry gas zone. The HI and OI signatures and abundance of Type Ⅲ kerogen are indica-ting dominance of terrestrial organic matter within the formation. Overall, the investigated Patala Formation ex-posed at the studied section of Margalla Hill Range, Pakistan acts as a poor source rock unit for liquid hydrocar-bon generation but holds prospects for dry gas generation in the study area. 相似文献
14.
通过对山东省巨野县土壤元素背景值状况的计算和研究,发现土壤中Ca,Cd,Hg,Mg,F等元素显著高于全省和全国背景值;Mo,Pb,Cu,Co等元素则低于全省和全国背景值;其中土壤Mo含量远低于全省和全国平均水平。土壤质地是决定区内土壤N,K,Mg等元素含量的关键;由黄河冲积物发育的土壤P含量普遍较高,TOC空间分布与N密切相关。城镇及工业区土壤中Hg和Pb的积累趋势明显。元素分级结果显示,区内土壤K和有机质比较丰富;N,P和有机质缺乏区占比分别为23.82%,15.39%和6.47%。微量元素中Ca,Mg,S,Cl等元素较为丰富;而Mo,Si,Se,Co,Zn,Cu,Fe,Mn等元素的缺乏状况最突出。土地质量地球化学评价分等结果显示,全区大部分土地质量优良,区内东北部和中西部地区土壤肥力较好,但有害元素含量偏高,西北部地区肥力较差导致土地质量等级偏低。全区土壤有机质含量不足以满足农业生产需要,加之局部土壤盐分偏高,对粮食作物生长不利。区内土壤环境质量水平总体较好,多数重金属元素分布受地质背景控制,但Hg和Pb污染位置与城镇及工业区分布明显存在一定关系,高值区多呈点状分布于人类活动强烈的地带,说明工业或生活排放对区内土壤中Hg,Pb的积累贡献较大。 相似文献
15.
利用岩心、测井、录井、地震等资料,应用层序地层学与沉积学理论,建立博兴洼陷深洼区古近系沙河街组三段中亚段层序地层格架,识别沉积相类型,揭示研究区沙河街组三段中亚段湖底扇砂体的充填期次和规律.结果表明:沙河街组三段中亚段地层划分为2个三级层序,层序内部细分为6个体系域;识别湖底扇中扇、湖底扇外扇、深湖3种沉积亚相,以及辫状水道、水道间、席状浊积岩、远源浊积岩和深湖泥5种沉积微相;总结各沉积微相在岩心、测井、地震上的识别特征;在层序格架内识别各体系域沉积相平面展布规律.此研究对该区下一步油气资源的勘探开发具有指导意义. 相似文献
16.
Monthly changes in sedimentation and sediment properties were studied for three different culture treatments: sea cucumber monoculture (Mc), sea cucumber and scallop polyculture (Ps-c) and scallop monoculture (Ms). Results indicated that the survival rate of sea cucumber was significantly higher in Ps-c cultures than in Mc cultures. Sea cucumber yield was 69.6% higher in Ps-c culture than in Mc culture. No significant differences in body weight and scallop shell length were found between Ps-c and Ms cultures. The mean sedimentation rate of total particulate matter (TPM) was 72.2 g/(m2 d) in Ps-c cultures, with a maximum of 119.7 g/(m2 d), which was markedly higher than that of Mc (mean value). Sedimentation rates of organic matter (OM), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in Ps-c cultures were also significantly higher than those in Mc cultures. TOC and TN contents of sediment increased rapidly in the first 5 months in Ms cultures and remained at a high level. TOC and TN contents in Mc and Ps-c cultures decreased during sea cucumber feeding seasons and increased during sea cucumber dormancy periods (summer and winter). The study demonstrates that co-culture of sea cucumber and scallop in earthen ponds is an alternative way to alleviate nutrient loads and improve water quality in coastal aquaculture systems. Moreover, it provides the additional benefit of an increased sea cucumber yield. 相似文献
17.
The Gulf of Suez Basin is a very mature and extremely prospective petroleum province.Many heavy oil fields have been found in the Basin, and such reserves are abundant.Characteristics and models of heavy oil are analyzed in this study based on tectonic, basin evolution, stratigraphic distribution and geochemical data. The best reservoirs of heavy oil are Miocene sandstone and limestone formations.Source rocks of hydrocarbon include deep limestone and shale of the Brown Limestone, the Thebes Formation and the Rudeis Formation. Thick evaporite rocks with rock salts and anhydrites deposited broadly throughout the basin are the most impor-tant regional seals, whereas Miocene shales are intraformational and regional seals that cover small areas.Heavy oil could be directly generated or densified during vertical migration along faults and reservoir accumulation. The heavy oil accumulation model is a mixed model that includes three mechanisms:fault dispersal, sulfocom-pound reactions and hydrocarbons generated from immature source rock.After analyzing the model and the dis-tribution of source rocks, reservoirs, heavy oil fields and structures, it is concluded that the potential heavy oil area is at the center of the basin. 相似文献
18.
JI Zhongqiang JIN Haiyan STEIN Ruediger LI Zhongqiao BAI Youcheng LI Hongliang ZHANG Yang CHEN Jianfang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(3)
The organic matter(OM) preserved in Arctic Ocean sediments is of great importance to the global carbon budget. However, works that apply multiple proxies to determine the distribution and concentration of organic carbon(OC) in the surface sediments of the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas remain limited. Here a multiproxy approach based on bulk OM parameters and the branched vs. isoprenoid tetraether(BIT) index was used to investigate the distribution and sources of OM in the surface sediments of the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas. Binary and ternary mixing models were applied to trace the contribution of different OC sources to the total OC in the study area. The ?13 C values of the sediments provided by the binary model showed that the proportion of terrestrial OC fell in the range of 27.4%-79.8%(46.2% on average). The BIT index returned the lowest fraction(4.8%-27.3%, 12.0% on average). The ternary mixing model was employed to determine the plant-, soil-, and marine-derived fractions of the total OM. The ternary model showed that 11.5% ? 6.3%, 31.4% ? 9.5%, and 57.1% ? 12.4% of OM in the sediment of the study area was derived from soil, plants, and marine sources, respectively. The differences in OM composition between the west and east sides of the Chukchi Sea were controlled by OM inputs from key water masses(i.e., Anadyr Water and Alaska Coastal Water), river discharge, and the nutrient supply from the Pacific inflow that supports marine productivity. 相似文献