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1.
The objectives of this study were to analyze the biodiversity of the Traditional Gudeuljang Irrigated Rice Terraces in Cheongsando, South Korea’s representative GIAHS (Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System) site, with reference to position and land-use features, and to develop a plan to promote agricultural biodiversity in the region. We confirmed approximately 54,000 m2 of Gudeuljang paddy fields by an on-site survey. Of the Traditional Gudeuljang Irrigated Rice Terraces confirmed by onsite inspection, our survey showed that approximately 24,000 m2 are currently being used as paddy fields, approximately 15,000 m2 are being used as dry fields, and approximately 14,000 m2 are fallow. In terms of other non-agricultural land use, there was grassland, including graveyards; artificial arboreal land, such as orchards, rivers and wetlands, and man-made facilities, such as roads and residences. We also confirmed that the Traditional Gudeuljang Irrigated Rice Terraces had higher plant species diversity than conventional terraced rice paddies, and there was a difference in life form characteristics between the two types. Although the superficial topsoil structure is the same for the Traditional Gudeuljang Irrigated Rice Terraces (TGIRTs) and conventional terraced rice paddies, it is thought that the differences in the subsurface structure of the TGIRTs contribute greatly to species and habitat diversity. However, the TGIRTs in Cheongsando are facing degeneration, due to damage and reduction in agricultural activity. The main cause is the reduction in the number of farming households due to an aging population in Cheongsando. In order to address this problem, we proposed a management plan, related to fallow paddy fields in South Korea, to initiate voluntary activities in the TGIRTs. 相似文献
2.
Monitoring and minimizing tourist’s water consumption is essential for the sustainable development of mountain destinations in the world. However, available data and a generally accepted protocol on such measurement are still limited. This study uses water footprint accounting to quantify tourist’s water demand in the Liming valley, a World Heritage site and a rapidly growing tourism destination in Northwest Yunnan, China. Both the water for direct and indirect use is taken into account based on the consump... 相似文献
3.
《中国地理科学(英文版)》2019,(4)
Urban comprehensive carrying capacity is an important guarantee and external representation of regional sustainable development. Based on urban comprehensive carrying capacity, this paper constructed a performance evaluation index system of urban comprehensive carrying capacity, and used entropy method, urban comprehensive carrying capacity measurement model and urban sustainable development model to measure spatial and temporal comprehensive carrying capacity of Harbin City in Heilongjiang Province from 2012 to 2017. The results show that: 1) index weight analysis suggested the regional development mode in Harbin still followed an epitaxial development mode, which pursued the expansion of scale and the growth of total amount of regional development, neglecting the effective utilization of resources and the improvement of structural benefits. 2) In the pressure system, the index of resource support has dropped sharply. The index of environmental capacity and social progress has risen circuitously, while the degree of agglomeration and the value of transportation facilities have risen steadily; in the pressure system, the index of population development and economic growth tended to fluctuate, while energy consumption and environmental pollution showed a more synchronous change in characteristics, and the livable demand remained at a high level. 3) The carrying capacity index of resources and environment in Harbin has been declining, and the acquired carrying capacity index fluctuated. The long-term regional development model has severely impaired the carrying capacity of resources and environment. 4) The comprehensive carrying capacity of Harbin has clear spatial differentiation characteristics. Finally, the paper proposes that location conditions, economic development level, government regulation, and science and technology are the main factors influencing the spatial differentiation of urban comprehensive carrying capacity. 相似文献
4.
The Ifugao Rice Terraces in the Philippines is recognized worldwide as a sustainable landscape where humans live in harmony with nature. The success of the Ifugao Rice Terraces largely depends on the attunement of local farmers to their environment and their ability to adapt to perceived changes, as manifested in their complex body of traditional ecological and climatic knowledge. This paper examines the local perceptions on climate change and other challenges to sustainability through focus group discussions with farmers and traditional knowledge holders. Our main findings can be summarized as follows: (i) Ifugao farmers were able to observe climatic changes in recent years, and these changes were intimately linked with broader environmental and socio-cultural changes in the Ifugao social-ecological system; (ii) The climatic changes qualitatively observed by the farmers were in agreement with trends in datasets commonly used in scientific assessments, although this agreement depends on the spatial and temporal resolution of the dataset, and the type of statistical analysis performed, and; (iii) The Ifugaos stressed the importance of traditional knowledge and culture in climate change adaptation, and preferred measures which could increase internal adaptive capacity while addressing broader sources of community vulnerability. Our results support calls to recognize Indigenous and Western science as equally valid ways of knowing. Discussions with the farmers revealed that in the Ifugao context, climate change may be better framed in the context of multiple stressors on rural livelihoods, with adaptation integrated into broader development objectives. Our findings also emphasize the need for greater engagement of indigenous Ifugao people in planning processes in order to identify adaptation strategies that are culturally appropriate, equitable, and effective in responding to local needs. 相似文献
5.
CONSTRAINING FACTORS TO SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION OF WATER RESOURCES AND THEIR COUNTERMEASURES IN CHINA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ZHAIJin-liang FENGRen-guo XIAJun 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2003,13(4):310-316
This paper discusses the constraining factors to sustainable utilization of water resources in China,and the countermeasures to realize sustainable water utilization.The result of comprehensive analysis shows that constraining factors to sustainable utilization of water resources in China are complicated, including physical geographi cal factors and socio-economic factors, such as uneven distribution of water resources at temporal and spatial scales,inappropriate institutional arrangement and non-water-saving and non-water-conservation production and life mode.The countermeasures against constraining factors to water resources sustainable development are put forward as follows: l) using wetlands and forests, and through spatial conversion to realize temporally sustainable supply of water resources; 2) transferring water between basins and areas and developing various water resources in water shortagearea; 3) establishing water-saving society; 4) strengthening water pollution control and water resources protection;and 5) establishing unified water resources management mechanism. 相似文献
6.
From the point of view of urban consumption behavior, urban fresh water consumption could be classified as three types, namely,
direct, indirect and induced water consumption. A calculation approach of urban fresh water consumption was presented based
on the theory of urban basic material consumption and the input-output method, which was utilized to calculate urban fresh
water consumption of China, and to analyze its structural change and causes. The results show that the total urban fresh water
consumption increased 561.7×109m3, and the proportion to the total national fresh water resources increased by 20 percentage points from 1952 to 2005. The
proportion of direct and induced water consumption had been continuously rising, and it increased by 15 and 35 percentage
points separately from 1952 to 2005, while the proportion of indirect water consumption decreased by 50 percentage points.
Urban indirect water consumption was mainly related to urban grain, beef and mutton consumption, and urban induced water consumption
had a close relationship with the amount of carbon emission per capita. Finally, some countermeasures were put forward to
realize sustainable utilization of urban fresh water resources in China.
Foundation item: Under the auspices of Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40535026) 相似文献
7.
进行区域生态系统健康评价,可以为当地制定生态系统保护政策和措施、生态系统协调和可持续发展提供科学依据。受数据源获取困难等因素制约,从乡（镇、街道）尺度开展的生态系统健康研究尚不多见。本文通过压力-状态-响应模型,选取15个指标因子构建了适宜于乡（镇、街道）尺度的评价指标体系,然后以第一次地理国情普查成果、统计年鉴数据和Landsat8、HJ-CCD、OMI遥感影像为主要数据源,对部分指标使用统计降尺度处理的基础上,以乡（镇、街道）为评价单元,运用熵值法综合评价兰州市生态系统健康状况,并对压力-状态-响应协调度进行分析。研究结果表明：① 生态系统健康整体表现出由城市中心区较差向城市外围区较好的过渡和替换趋势,从乡镇（街道）尺度来看,属于“不健康”、“亚健康”、“健康”、“很健康”的分别有13.5%、28.8%、51.3%、6.2%;② 就协调度而言,有59%的乡（镇、街道）为中度协调区,主要连片分布在城市郊区,其余分布在安宁区的街道,剩余的41%街道为高度协调区和低度协调区,占国土面积的25%,主要分布在城区的街道,零星分布在城市郊区的一些乡镇。 相似文献
8.
Integrating multisource RS data and GIS techniques to assist the evaluation of resource-environment carrying capacity in karst mountainous area 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《山地科学学报》2020,17(10):2528-2547
The karst mountainous area is an ecologically fragile region with prominent humanland contradictions. The resource-environment carrying capacity(RECC) of this region needs to be further clarified. The development of remote sensing(RS) and geographic information system(GIS) provides data sources and processing platform for RECC monitoring. This study analyzed and established the evaluation index system of RECC by considering particularity in the karst mountainous area of Southwest China; processed multisource RS data(Sentinel-2, Aster-DEM and Landsat-8) to extract the spatial distributions of nine key indexes by GIS techniques(information classification, overlay analysis and raster calculation); proposed the methods of index integration and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the RECC by GIS; and took a typical area, Guangnan County in Yunnan Province of China, as an experimental area to explore the effectiveness of the indexes and methods. The results showed that:(1) The important indexes affecting the RECC of karst mountainous area are water resources, tourism resources, position resources, geographical environment and soil erosion environment.(2) Data on cultivated land, construction land, minerals, transportation, water conservancy, ecosystem services, topography, soil erosion and rocky desertification can be obtained from RS data. GIS techniques integrate the information into the RECC results. The data extraction and processing methods are feasible on evaluating RECC.(3) The RECC of Guangnan County was in the mid-carrying level in 2018. The midcarrying and low-carrying levels were the main types, accounting for more than 80.00% of the total study area. The areas with high carrying capacity were mainly distributed in the northern regions of the northwest-southeast line of the county, and other areas have a low carrying capacity comparatively. The coordination between regional resource-environment status and socioeconomic development is the key to improve RECC. This study explores the evaluation index system of RECC in karst mountainous area and the application of multisource RS data and GIS techniques in the comprehensive evaluation. The methods can be applied in related fields to provide suggestions for data/information extraction and integration, and sustainable development. 相似文献
9.
本文基于张家界市土地利用/土地覆盖变化,通过改进的生态系统服务价值与生态足迹的方法,测算了研究区域的生态补偿额度。研究表明:(1)从2001~2013年张家界市各县(区)生态系统服务价值变化率来看,永定区呈下降态势;增幅最大的是武陵源区,其次是桑植县,慈利县增幅最小。(2)2013年张家界市的人均生态足迹为1.3625 hm~2,而实际生态承载力为0.9556 hm~2,人均可利用生态承载力为0.8409 hm~2,则人均生态赤字为-0.5215 hm~2。(3)计算出了张家界市各县(区)的生态补偿标准,其中慈利县需要支付的生态补偿量最高,为18.61亿元;其次是永定区,为10.49亿元;再次是武陵源区,为582.12万元;最小的是桑植县,为359.70万元。评价结果将促进张家界市生态环境保护和经济社会的可持续发展。 相似文献
10.
With huge area, favorable light, heat and water conditions, rich biological diversity, and a unique ecological system of submarine
sand ridges, Jiangsu tidal flat has great significance to its economic development. Based on the geomorphological characteristics,
Jiangsu tidal flat is dynamically divided into stable, erosional and accumulative types. In light of resources distribution,
evolution rules of Jiangsu tidal flat, existing problems in coastal management, exploitation and utilization, the sustainable
development theory is applied to guide the comprehensive exploitation and utilization of tidal flat. Taking different regions
with different local conditions in consideration, and in order to make economic development coordinate with local resources
and environments, four regional sustainable development models, i.e. (A) Abandoned Huanghe (Yellow) River delta section for
salt and aquatic products industries, (B) Sheyang section for reed, aquaculture and rare animal protection, (C) Dafeng and
Dongtai section for agricultural comprehensive exploitation, (D) Nantong section for aquaculture and agriculture, are suggested.
Meanwhile, the paper takes the guiding ideology of sustainable development to be reflected in modern integrated coastal management
and legislation.
Supported by Natural Sciences Foundation of Fujian (D 97006) and State Pilot Laboratory of Coast & Island Exploitation, Nanjing
University. 相似文献
11.
Sam Buchanan 《山地科学学报》2009,6(3):286-292
A fundamental element of sustainable development is that humans live within nature＇s biological capacity. Quantifying this, however, remains a significant challenge for which there are many emerging tools. The concept of the Ecological Footprint is one such accounting tool for comprehensive assessment of the status of sustainable development, based on integration of resource consumption and land capacity, reflecting the human impact on the environment. A region＇s development is defined as unsustainable when the Ecological Footprint surpasses the biological capacity. In this paper, the Ecological Footprint concept Was applied in assessing the development of Yunnan Province, China in a period between 1988 and 2006. The results showed that the Ecological Footprint per capita in Yunnan rose from 0.854 gha in 1988 to 2.11 gha in 2006. Ecological deficit, defined as when the human demand on the land surpasses the regions biological productive capacity, emerged in 1991 and quickly increased from 0.02 gha in 1991 to 1.05 gha in 2006. The increase in the ecological deficit is primarily a result of the rapid increase in population and consumption level. To achieve sustainable development in Yunnan, production and consumption rates need to be modified. 相似文献
12.
Comprehensive evaluation on urban sustainable development of Harbin City in Northeast China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
It is an effective way in realizing urban coordinated and sustainable development to establish a series of indicators and to evaluate urban environmental and socioeconomic development. According to the characteristics of Harbin City in Northeast China, an indicator system including five subsystems and 37 indicators was established for comprehensive evaluation on urban sustainable development. The development indexes of all urban subsystems and complex system were calculated quantitatively using the comprehensively integrated methods composed of Principle Component Analysis, Analytic Hierarchy Process and weighed index method, and then the comprehensive level of urban sustainable development and the degree of urban interior coordination were analyzed. The results indicated that 1) the overall urban development presented an uptrend, however, the interior development was not well balanced from 1996 to 2006; 2) the development in each subsystem presented a strong fluctuation; and 3) the development in resources subsystem showed a downtrend. Based on those results, the suggestions of urban sustainable development were put forward at the end. 相似文献
13.
六大经济走廊是“一带一路”倡议的战略支柱,该区域横跨亚、欧、非大陆,涉及国家众多,地理条件千差万别,资源环境本底复杂。通过对沿线区域资源环境信息进行系统性、全面性的揭示,能够为科学推进“一带一路”倡议实施提供至关重要的决策支持作用。本文提出了面向协同创新的“一带一路”空间信息服务系统框架,综述了“一带一路”经济走廊地区在资源环境信息开发利用进展,具体包括资源环境格局与时空演变、联合国可持续发展目标监测与评价、防灾减灾知识服务关键技术应用、资源环境信息集成与共享、新冠疫情对经济社会发展影响,进而展望了其发展趋势和潜在的研究方向,为“一带一路”经济走廊的可持续发展提供决策支持。 相似文献
14.
15.
地下水补给资源估算是地下水资源可持续开发利用的重要依据,传统地下水资源评价工作往往是采取水均衡法或达西定律等评价地下水补给资源,很少采用环境示踪剂方法。环境示踪剂在地下水补给研究中具有重要价值,特别是在干旱半干旱地区是一种非常简单可靠的评价方法。本文介绍了两种常见的环境示踪剂（3H、Cl）方法氚峰法和氯质量平衡法的基本原理及其在地下水补给研究中的主要应用,其中氯质量平衡法不仅可以估算地下水的补给量,而且可以研究植被覆盖变化对地下水补给影响和示踪地下水补给历史及气候变化。 相似文献
16.
Evaluation and analysis of provincial differences in resources and environment carrying capacity in China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Resources and environment carrying capacity is central to not only regional sustainable development but also major function-oriented zoning. This paper presents an evaluation index system for resources and environment carrying capacity based on four aspects of carrying capacity(i.e., water resources, land resources, the environment, and ecosystems) by using a square deviation decision-making method, and on the basis of above effort evaluates the resources and environment carrying capacity across 31 provincial regions in China(not including Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan regions of China). In addition, this paper evaluates the current state of socio-economic development, and analyzes the spatial distribution of resources and environment pressure. The results showed that distinct spatial differences in resources and environment carrying capacity and pressure across provincial regions. Resources and environment pressure is affected by both comprehensive resources and environment carrying capacity and socio-economic development. Regions subjected to lower degrees of resources and environment pressure will be restricted by resources and environmental problems through future courses of development owing to excessively low carrying capacities. By contrast, regions with higher comprehensive resources and environment carrying capacity will be subjected to excessively high levels of resources and environment pressure because of rapid socio-economic development. Both of resources and environment carrying capacity and pressure must therefore be considered in the allocation of country-binding targets to provincial regions. 相似文献
17.
DENGWei BAIJun-hong YANMin-hua 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2002,12(4):289-293
According to the theory of sustainable development, the current situation and existent problemsoftheexploita-tion of water resources were analyzed in this paper. The results show that the contradiction between supply and demandof water resources is continually aggravating, water pollution is increasingly serious, water environment is worse, theover-extraction area of the underground water is expanding and water crisis stands out gradually, so it is imperative underthe situation to actualize the sustainable exploitation strategies of water resources. It is necessary for sustainable utilizingwater resources to introduce the model of sustainable utilization of water resources the model of wealth transferring be-tween the generations of water resources, establish water-saving society system and water market, form technology sys-tems, management systems and evaluation systems for many sorts of water resources, improve the utilization ratio of waterresources, transform waste water into resources and maintain and restore the water space of water environment. 相似文献
18.
ＳＵＳＴＡＩＮＡＢＬＥＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＡＮＤＣＯＡＳＴＡＬＭＡＮＡＧＥＭＥＮＴＯＦＴＩＤＡＬＦＬＡＴＩＮＪＩＡＮＧＳＵＰＲＯＶＩＮＣＥ,ＣＨＩＮＡ①ＨｕａｎｇＱｉａｏｈｕａ（黄巧华）１ＣｈｅｎＦａｎｇ（陈方）１,２ＺｈｕＤａｋｕｉ（朱大奎）１１... 相似文献
19.
ZHOU Jia XIAO Haifeng SHANG Jincheng ZHANG Xuelin 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2007,17(4):304-310
Sustainable development is a complex and systemic issue. It is essential to study it by the component analysis method from the view of system science. The urban developmental sustainability is one of focuses that people has paid more attention to, however, little common understanding how to measure and evaluate the sustainability has been gotten. In this paper, a framework is designed to evaluate the developmental sustainability of Suihua City, Heilongjiang Province in China from the aspects of economy, society, population, resources and environment. We adopt the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) to decrease dimensions and simplify the original indexes into 12 indexes. Also, the hierarchy and comprehensive multiple-criterion evaluative methods are employed to assess the sustainable development system in Suihua City. Then, the weights of indexes are attained by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. Furthermore, urban comprehensive development level, developmental sustainability, coordinate degree are calculated and analyzed. By analyzing, we know the fluctuation of development level of subsystem, especially resources and environment subsystem, is acute. The comprehensive development level of sustainable development system in Suihua has been on the rise since 1999. That results from the effect of traditional economic development mode with high energy-consumed being decreased in the city after 1999. At the same time, it is obvious that there was an instability of development level in Suihua City during 1990-2002, with a turn in 1998, and the development could be sustainable, the status trend was more harmonious in 1999-2002. 相似文献
20.
1 INTRODUCTION The Ussuri / Wusuli River watershed is located in the southeast part of Heilongjiang Province of China, which joins remote regions of Russia. The watershed consists of approximately 26 000 000 ha, which is about two thirds of the watershed ecosystem in Russia, one third in China. The Ussuri River forms part of the border between Russia and China, the shared border stretches more than 1100 km. Khanka/Xingkai Lake lies within both China and Russia. Its total area … 相似文献