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1.
《山地科学学报》2020,17(1):203-215
Changes of cultivated land patterns caused by major water conservation projects are rarely reported. We selected the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China to study the change in area and landscape pattern of the cultivated land in the head,central, and tail areas of the reservoir that took place between 1992 and 2015; we then studied the spatial distribution of the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir; finally, we studied the driving forces behind the changes in the cultivated land. The results derived are as follows.(1) During the construction of the Three Gorges Project(TGP, 1992–2015), the area of cultivated land around the reservoir decreased by30.23 million ha. This reduction occurred in phases:the most severe change in cultivated land occurred during the later stage of the project(2002–2010);only 0.62 million ha of cultivated land did not change between 1992 and 2015.(2) Spatial pattern analysis showed that the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir changed from a northern distribution to a southern distribution; thus, the area of cultivated land in the north decreased over the time period. The area of cultivated land in the head and tail areas decreased by varying degrees, while it increased in the central area over the 23 years, indicating that the change in cultivated land showed regional differences.(3) The TGP, the policy of reverting farmland to forest,and urbanization were the main driving factors for the change of cultivated land, but there were differences in their impacts at different stages.(4) According to the patch dynamics of the land cover change, the degree of change gradually intensified during the early and later stages of the project and then stabilized during the operational period. Our research provides scientific support for the protection of cultivated land resources and food security in the reservoir area and for the coordination of social and economic development, which is of great significance to sustainable development in the reservoir area.  相似文献   

2.
Fuqing County of southeast Chian has witnessed significant land use changes during the last decade.Re-mote sensing technology using multitemporal Landsat TM images was used to characterize land use types and to monitor land use changes in the county.Two TM scenes from 1991and 1996 were used to cover the county and a five-year time period.Digital image processing was carried out for the remotely sensed data to produce classified images.The images were further processed using GIS software to generate GIS databases so that the data could be further spatially analyzed taking the advantages of the software.Land use change areas were determined by using the change detection technique.The comparison of the two classified TM images using the above technologies reveals that during the five study years,a large area of arable lands in the county has been lost and deforestation has taken place largely because of the dramatic in-crease in built-up land and orchard.The conclusive statistical information is useful to understand the processes,causes and impacts of the land use changes in the county.The major driving force to the land use changes in the county ap-peared to be the rapid economic development.The decision makers of the county have to pay more attention to the land use changes for the county‘s sustainable development.  相似文献   

3.
Mountain area is an important geographical unit of land,and its ecology is sensitive and fragile.Over the past few decades,human activities have caused dramatic changes in land use in mountainous areas,which caused changes in landscape patterns and impacts on the ecological environment.It is unknown how the mechanism of land use affects the landscape pattern at different scales.The Hantai District,a typical human settlement in the mountain area in Shaanxi,China,was chosen as the study area.Based on the remote sensing images,the mathematical models and landscape indexes were adopted to evaluate the impact of land use change from 1998 to 2017 on the landscape pattern at different scales,and its main driving forces were analyzed.The results showed that the urbanized land expanded largest from 15.39%to 24.30%,and cultivated land experienced the largest decline from 43.54%to 35.35%.Changes in land use have made the patch morphology of most land types developed from a natural random to a sawtooth shape,and its spatial pattern evolved from a ruleset to a fragmented expansion.This reflects the continuous strengthening of human intervention in the process of regional development.Under the jurisdiction of Hantai District,the biggest change in landscape pattern is in Hanzhong City and Qili Town.The improved economy and increasing population and urbanization rate were the main factors that cause these changes.This research could provide necessary information for understanding the evolution mechanism of land resources in mountainous human settlements for mountainous areas with significant geomorphic differentiation.  相似文献   

4.
What rural households think and what kind of strategies they take, the basic driving force in land use activities, contribute greatly to the increase of their own revenues, the development of agricultural yields, and even the prosperity of rural areas. Differentiation in rural household behaviors and their consciousness in land use activities is widespread in rural China nowadays. It is important to understand the changing characteristics and laws of land use behaviors of rural households driven by their consciousness, so as to regulate their land use activities. In most empirical studies of land use change at rural household level, the land use consciousness, which acts directly on land use behaviors, is often neglected. In our research, the changes of land use behaviors of rural households are analyzed, through identifying how the land use consciousness affect the land use objectives, land management scales and land inputs of all the rural households in Bailin Village of Chongqing Municipality in the western mountainous China. Also, how the land use consciousness of different rural households comes into being under external stimuli is examined and the self-adjustment process of their consciousness according to their own conditions is also discussed. Finally, broad policy instruments are suggested to promote the rationalization of rural households′ land use consciousness and the standardization of their land use behaviors.  相似文献   

5.
The land use patterns in Guyuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China, have changed greatly over the years, due to population growth and farming and stock raising development. This study, using 50-year statistical data of cultivated land and 14-year spatial data of land use pattern, analyzed the developmental stages, the character, and the spatial variance of farmland in the city, and discussed the driving forces of cultivated land changes based on empirical and conceptual statistical models. First, the change of cultivated land area went through different stages of rapid increase, fluctuating change, decrease and rapid decrease from 1949 to 2004, additionally, social and economic policies in different stages had an important impact on farmland variance. Second, from 1986 to 2000, the quantity of cultivated land increased, but its quality decreased. Third, social and economic factors are determinant factors in cultivated land transition. Five constructed paths explain cultivated land transition. Factors that have direct or indirect effects on farmland include the economy （Xeco）, the population （Xpop）, agricultural output （Xagr）, and scientific input （Xsci）. The sequence of impact was Xeco〉Xpop〉Xsci〉Xagr. Among all these impacts, Xeco was the major positive one, and Xpop was the major negative one. It is urgent to take measures or adopt a policy to stop the vicious cycle in eco-environment and agriculture production. Otherwise, negative patterns of farmland use will increase, and high-quality cultivated land will continue to decline.  相似文献   

6.
Three-River Headwaters(TRH) region involved in this paper refers to the source region of the Changjiang(Yangtze) River,the Huanghe(Yellow) River and the Lancang River in China.Taking the TRH region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as a case,the annual evapotranspiration(ET) model developed by Zhang et al.(2001) was applied to evaluate mean annual ET in the alpine area,and the response of annual ET to land use change was analyzed.The plant-available water coefficient(w) of Zhang’s model was revised by using vegetation-temperature condition index(VTCI) before annual ET was calculated in alpine area.The future land use scenario,an input of ET model,was spatially simulated by using the conversion of land use and its effects at small regional extent(CLUE-S) to study the response of ET to land use change.Results show that the relative errors between the simulated ET and that calculated by using water balance equation were 3.81% and the index of agreement was 0.69.This indicates that Zhang’s ET model based on revised plant-available water coefficient is a scientific and practical tool to estimate the annual ET in the alpine area.The annual ET in 2000 in the study area was 221.2 mm,11.6 mm more than that in 1980.Average annual ET decreased from southeast to northwest,but the change of annual ET between 1980 and 2000 increased from southeast to northwest.As a vast and sparsely populated area,the population in the TRH region was extremely unbalanced and land use change was concentrated in very small regions.Thus,land use change had little effect on total annual ET in the study area but a great impact on its spatial distribution,and the effect of land use change on ET decreased with increasing precipitation.ET was most sensitive to the interconversion between forest and unused land,and was least sensitive to the interconversion between cropland and low-covered grassland.  相似文献   

7.
Ecological migration is the process of increasing the population density in the immigration area and transferring the ecological pressure from emigration area to immigration area. This process may result in significant changes in land use and land cover in the area of immigration and have an important effect on ecosystem services. Therefore, scientifically revealing the effects and differentiation mechanisms of ecological migration on ecosystem services is becoming an important issue related to the implementation of the national ecological migration strategy in China. This study employed the Hongsibu District as a typical example of ecological migration. Hongsibu District is located in the central Ningxia steppe and desert steppe areas. Remote sensing data covering five periods from the period before ecological migration in 1995 and after migration in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015 was used to measure the value of ecosystem services(ESV). A geographical detector model and the value of ecosystem services model were used to diagnose the dynamic mechanism of the effects of land use change on ecosystem services. The results showed that: 1) The development of large-scale ecological resettlement has caused the area of cultivated land and urbanized land area to increase significantly in the area of immigration, while the grass area decreased significantly. 2) The overall value of the Hongsibu ecosystem services increased in a form of a ‘V'. Among them, during the period of 1995–2005, the overall ESV decreased and had an annual rate of change of-0.67%. During the period of development 2005–2015, the ESV increased steadily, with an annual rate of change of 0.79%. 3) The proportion and total ESV in soil formation and protection, waste treatment, and biodiversity conservation of the Hongsibu District decreased from 57.61% in 1995 to 56.17% in 2015, indicating that the region's ecological regulation function slightly decreased. 4) The ESV in the Hongsibu District, showed a low distribution pattern of ecosystem services increasing from northeast to southwest, and the capacity of three townships, Hongsibu, Taiyangshan, and Liuquan, to provide ecosystem services gradually declined over time. The ecological service function of Xinzhuangji Township and Dahe Township gradually improved. 5) The sensitivity index of the ESV of each land use type was less than 1, indicating that the environment lacks flexibility in providing a strong ESV index in Hongsibu, which shows that the research results are reliable and believable. 6) During the study period, the decisive force of the change of land use on ecosystem services in Hongsibu District was: grassland(0.9934), climate regulation(0.9413), soil formation and protection(0.9321) and waste treatment(0.9241).  相似文献   

8.
The landscape pattern of Da＇an County, Northeast China has undergone significant changes since the 1950s as a result of climatic change and human activities. The aim of this paper is to quantitatively study landscape pattern and its spatial dynamics of Da＇an County at the landscape level over the nearly 50-year span. Patch dynamics were examined according to land use and land cover change processes built from a series of images, as well as topographic maps, and temporal patterns built from landscape pattern metrics. The transition matrix of landscape patch types and changes of various landscape metrics were applied. The results showed that, from 1956 to 2000, the landscape within the study area had undertaken a complicated evolution in landscape structure and composition. The outstanding characteristic is that saline-alkali land increased and grassland decreased. As some smaller patches amalgamated, the heterogeneity of patch decreased. All those changes were the synthetic result of both climatic and anthropogenic influences, but the predominant factor was different in different parts. In the southern part of the study area, the landscape pattern changes resulted from the modification of climate obviously, while in the northern part, the landscape pattern changes were mainly caused by human activities, such as the conversion between farmland and saline-alkali land. This phenomenon showed that human activities played more important role in the north than in the south of Da＇an County.  相似文献   

9.
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10.
Integrated transportation and land use studies are of major interest to planners because they consider the interaction between transportation development and land use change. Quantifying the impact of transport infrastructure on land use change is necessary for evaluating the role of transportation development in the process of land use and land cover change in the urban-rural fringe. Taking Qixia District of Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, China as a typical urban-rural fringe area, this paper analyzes the patterns and characteristics of land use change along three major transportation arteries using land use data from 2000 and 2008. We examine the spatial differentiation and gradient of land use pattern around railway, expressway, and highway corridors to investigate whether land use change in the urban-rural fringe is related to distance from transportation arteries and to clarify the varying impacts of different forms of transport infrastructure on land use patterns. We find that construction land generally tends to be located close to major transportation arteries, and that railways have the most obvious influence on land use change in the urban-rural fringe, while the impact of expressways was not significant. We conclude that there exists a causal relationship between the presence of transportation arteries and land use change in the urban-rural fringe, but this relationship varies across different types of linear transport infrastructure.  相似文献   

11.
1IN TR O D U C TIO NA s old as hum anity itself, land use change has runthrough the w hole history ofhum an existence and evo-lution. This change has not only objectively recordedthe space patterns of the earth surface changed by hu-m ankind,but also redi…  相似文献   

12.
福州土地利用变化及其驱动力多元综合分析   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  
运用地球信息技术对福州土地利用变化特征和驱动力进行了深入分析。主要以TM数据作为信息源获取两时相土地利用状况及其变化信息:用GPS快速提供变化区准确的空间位置信息和野外调查时的快速定位;并利用GIS对多种数据进行处理、集成管理、空间统计和相关分析;对土地利用变化驱动力进一步研究。  相似文献   

13.
AN INSIGHT ON DRIVERS OF LAND USE CHANGE AT REGIONAL SCALE   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
1INTRODUCTION Land use change (LUC) involves both changes to a dif- ferent function and shifts in intensity within a function. Today, researches on LUC are aiming at regional scale, andthestudiesofthetypicalregionalLUC drivingforces at meso- and small-scale become a key issue (VAN DIGGELEN et al., 2005; CHAPLOT et al., 2005). The studies of regional LUC driving forces are to reveal the realmotivationbehindtheLUCanditsinteractingmech- anism, so as to simulate and predict the p…  相似文献   

14.
Regional land use changes are an important part of global changes. The research on land use changes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of China attracts a lot of attention owing to the Three Gorges Dam building. The Three Gorges Reservoir Area becomes one of the important research areas. This study analyzed the transforming processes and traits of each land use type and the regional differences of land use changes during the past 30 years, summarized the distribution of different land use types in different buffer zones and regresses the equation areas and different buffer distances based on buffer analyses and regression analyses, and then analyzed the transforming rules in different buffer distances, got the optimal influence distances. The research results indicate that, (1) cultivated land lies at the northwest of the reservoir and was decreasing, however, the construction land was increasing, especially the urban construction land, a large number of land was flooded because of the reservoir water level rise; (2) urban area was sprawling quickly in developed and neighboring areas, and a great deal of cultivated land and a considerable amount of grassland were occupied; in the earlier time, rural settlements occupied lots of cultivated land and a sum of forestry land in the later time; (3) the optimum influenced distances for cultivated land and forestry land were 10–35 km, and for urban and rural settlements were in 5–20 km. Overall, this research can reflect the spatial-temporal characteristics of land use changes during the 30 years, and it is helpful for urban planning and land use planning in the reservoir area.  相似文献   

15.
The Three Gorges project accelerates economic development in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.This paper aimed to investigate the distribution,changes and features of cultivated land in this area,analyze the forces driving the changes in cultivated land area,and propose the countermeasures for cultivated land management.Transition matrix was used to analyze the features of cultivated land changes,and quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis were adopted to research the driving forces according to the features of cultivated land changes.Cultivated land in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area mainly lay to the northwest of the Yangtze River,especially the upper reaches.The areas of cultivated land increased from 1996 to 1999,then decreased from 2000 to 2006,and finally increased again from 2007 to 2009.The important forces driving changes in cultivated land included government policies,employment and food security,increasing construction land,agriculture structure adjustment,land rearrangement,inundation.During cultivated land management,firstly,it is necessary to insist on the principle of cultivated land protection,standardize land exploitation and strictly restrict the transformation of cultivated land into non-farming land.Secondly,land rearrangement must be implemented,which can not only increase the area of the cultivated land,but also improve the quality of the cultivated land.Thirdly,it is feasible to intensify eco-agriculture construction to increase the quantity and quality of cultivated land.Fourthly,it is helpful to improve the traditional agriculture production methods to promote cultivated land quality.Lastly,it is important to propagandize cultivated land protection and realize the enormous pressure of cultivated land shortage,making more people obligated to protect cultivated land.  相似文献   

16.
IINTRODUCTION niques in China（ZHANG。t al，1999； CHEN et al，2000b）．Since the early 1990s，he acceleration of land With its abundant forest，land and water re－use／cover change（LUL乙）has spurred renewed con－sources，the area of the Nenjlang River valley Is one ofcerns about the role ofland use change Indrlvingmany the lmpoFtant lumber products and commodity grainenvironmental problems．Research on the causes and ba…  相似文献   

17.
以1986、1996和2006年三期Landsat TM影像为基本数据源,采用最大似然法分类,并以同期高分辨率的SPOT5影像进行分类后处理,最后分类后变化检测法监测了福州市1986~2006年的土地利用变化及其转移模式。结果表明,福州市近20年间土地利用发生了较大的变化,城乡建筑用地处于快速增长阶段,而耕地数量却在不断下降。经济发展、人口增长、政府决策等因素是福州市土地利用发生变化的主要驱动力。  相似文献   

18.
中巴经济走廊的规划和建设离不开对走廊沿线土地资源、生态环境空间格局及变化过程的科学认识。未来土地利用变化模拟研究,可为区域土地资源管理、生态环境可持续性和潜在风险评估等研究提供可靠的预测数据。本文通过耦合系统动力学模型（SD）和未来用地模拟模型（FLUS）,并结合中巴经济走廊建设和区域的生态环境政策等设置多种情景对中巴经济走廊进行土地利用模拟,充分发挥2个模型在宏观土地需求模拟以及微观土地分配上的优势。首先根据2009—2015年的历史数据构建并验证了区域土地利用SD-FLUS模型,然后模拟了2016—2030年中巴经济走廊区域惯性发展、投资优先以及和谐发展3种不同情景下的土地利用变化。结果表明：① 历年的总量模拟相对误差均小于9.00%,2015年喀什和巴基斯坦模拟的总体精度均达到90.00%以上、Kappa系数达到0.90以上,说明SD和FLUS耦合模型能有效模拟中巴经济走廊土地利用变化格局,适用于其土地利用变化的情景模拟;② 到2030年,不同情景之间的土地利用存在明显的差异。在3种情景下建设用地均扩张,和谐发展情景扩张速度居中,该情景下喀什建设用地增加了235.17 km2,巴基斯坦增加了4942.80 km2,而扩张最快的投资优先情景下,喀什建设用地增加了265.23 km2（惯性发展情景仅增加163.71 km2）,巴基斯坦建设用地增加了5918.91 km2（惯性发展情景仅增加2861.84 km2）;巴基斯坦和谐情景下的耕地增量（4768.60 km2）不到增长最多的惯性发展情景的一半,喀什耕地在和谐发展情景增加了604.44 km2,不到投资优先情景的3/4;3种情景中只有和谐发展情景下的林地得到了有效的恢复。总体而言,和谐发展情景兼顾了社会经济发展和生态环境保护,是3种情景中最理想的情景。模型模拟结果可为中巴经济走廊的可持续性研究和生态环境评估等提供一定的数据和方法支撑。  相似文献   

19.
长江三峡库区(奉节-巴东段)移民工程遥感动态监测   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
在长江三峡库区移民工程中 ,我们采用 ETM+、SPOT、IKONOS等多源、多时相、多分辨率航天、航空遥感数据组合 ,监测移民工程的动态变化 ,通过对库区奉节 -巴东段移民搬迁建与安置、新开发用地分布、土地利用与土地结构变化、地质灾害及衍生地质灾害与防治、库区环境及生态平衡与改善经济结构以及移民工程遥感动态监测等 ,取得突破性进展 ,获取了一批重要成果。为三峡移民工程进一步全面、安全地实施、改进规划管理工作及库区经济可持续发展 ,提供了科学依据和决策性建议。  相似文献   

20.
While urbanization has accelerated, the rural population in China has started decreasing in recent years. However, the expan- sion of rural settlement has not been sufficiently curbed. The questions of why this has happened and who has driven the land-use change （LUC） of rural settlement in China have aroused great interests among researchers. In this paper, it is suggested that population is not always a positive driving force for the LUC of rural settlement in China. Furthermore, socio-economic driving forces other than urbanization, population and industrialization are analyzed. On a national scale, the major driving forces are the per-capita rural housing area and the cultivated land area. On a regional scale, the main driving forces in the eastern China are the house-building capacity of rural households and the per-capita rural housing area; while in the central China, the main driving forces are rural housing investment, the proportion of primary industry employees in the rural working population, and the cultivated land area. For the western China, the main driving forces are rural register population and cultivated land area.  相似文献   

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