共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
XUEChunting 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(2):115-123
Studies on land loss in Tuvalu reveal the following findings. Although both sea level rise and coastal erosion can cause land loss in the tropic Pacific oceanic islands, their mechanisms are different. When sea level rises, the low elevation coastal zone submerges and the erosion datum plane rises, the beach process progresses normally as always, resulting in no beach sediment coarsening. When the sea level is stable, coastal erosion removes finer sediment from reef flat, beach and land, resulting in beach sediment coarsening. The human-induced coastal erosion in the tropic Pacific oceanic islands has the following features. 1) Erosion occurs or intensifies immediately after inappropriate human activities. 2) It occurs near the places having human activities and places related to the above places in sediment supply. 3) It often occurs on original prograding or stable coasts (on lagoon coasts for atolls) because there are more coastal engineering projects and other human activities on such coasts. 4) It is chronic, covering a long period of time. The coastal geological events in Tuvalu islands do not accord with the features resulted from sea level rise but do accord with the features resulted from coastal erosion, particularly from human-induced erosion. The land loss in Tuvalu is mainly caused by inappropriate human activities including coastal engineering and aggregate mining, and partly caused by cyclones. Moreover, all recent measurements (satellite altimetry,thermosteric sea level data and tide observations) so far have not been able to verify any sea level rise around Tuvalu islands. 相似文献
2.
多源土地利用/覆盖分类产品是陆地表层过程研究不可或缺的重要基础数据,而其一致性分析则是产品应用的前提和基础。本文基于类型面积偏差、类型面积相关、误差矩阵和类型空间混淆等方法,从面积一致性和空间一致性两方面分析了 5种土地利用/覆盖分类产品（MCD12Q1-2010、GlobCover2009、CCI-LC2010、FROM-GLC2010和GlobeLand30-2010）在全球海岸带区域的一致性。结果表明：① 各产品土地利用/覆盖类型的空间分布总体上表现出较强的一致性,但在细节上存在大面积不一致现象;② 各产品对全球海岸带土地利用/覆盖构成的描述基本一致,即以水体为主,林地和未利用地次之,耕地、草地和灌木地较少,湿地和人造地表相对最少,但在细节上存在面积偏差;③ 在产品组合中,MCD12Q1-2010/GlobCover2009的相关系数、总体精度和Kappa系数均最低,分别为0.8814、67.46%和0.5748,而GlobCover2009/CCI-LC2010的相关系数、总体精度和Kappa系数均最高,分别为0.9869、81.50%和0.7505;④ 5种产品两两对比,草地、灌木地和湿地的混淆程度最高,耕地和人造地表次之,林地和未利用地较低,水体最低;⑤ 全球海岸带有28.81%的土地具有较低的一致性,这些区域地类混淆现象较为严重,尤其是耕地、林地、草地、灌木地、湿地和未利用地之间的相互混淆对5种产品的一致性程度有直接影响。本文有望为海岸带研究在已有土地利用/覆盖数据源选择和使用等方面提供参考和建议。 相似文献
3.
Impact of Human Activities on Depositional Process of Tidal Flat in Quanzhou Bay of China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
WANG Aijun 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2007,17(3):265-269
As a very important component of a coastal system,tidal flats come to be a focus of the studies on land-ocean interaction in the coastal zone because those areas are subjected to intense human activities and are highly sensitive to the global change.The Quanzhou Bay,located along the middle part of Fujian coast of China,covers about 136.4km2,and the area of coastal wetland in the entire bay from intertidal to subtidal with 6m of water depth accounts for 96% of the total area.Seven short cores were collected and divided in situ with the interval of 5cm on the coastal wetlands of Quanzhou Bay on April 19,2006.The sediment samples were scattered and the grain sizes were measured by using Mastersizer 2000.Human beings' activities on tidal flat have disturbed the vertical distribution of sediments in stratigraphic sequence and accelerated the sedimentation rates.Grain size analysis results show that the grain size diameters increase and sediment becomes worse sorted towards the sea under the strong human disturbance;Spartina alterniflora can play a role of trapping the fine sediment;but near the bank,the sediment becomes coarse and there are two peak values on frequency curve influenced by the sandpile.The trough formed by human activities along the coastline changes the transport path of water and suspended sediment.The sediments are transported through the trough and deposit in it during the flood;the ebb flow is retarded by the flow output through the adjacent trough,and the deposited sediment can not be re-suspended;then,the sedimentation rate increases.In situ observation show that the sedimentation rate is about 8-10cm/yr. 相似文献
4.
MODIS遥感数据提取赤潮信息方法与应用——以珠江口为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
近年来,中国沿海近岸二类水体中的赤潮频发,对海洋环境、社会经济和公众健康都造成较大危害,因此,针对近岸二类水体中较小范围赤潮的遥感监测分析有重要意义。本文的工作主要集中在:(1)分析典型赤潮海水、泥沙浑浊海水、赤潮泥沙混合海水,以及清洁海水的MODIS影像光谱特征;(2)分析叶绿素a法,温度法,荧光法和波段比值法,在近岸小范围赤潮识别应用中的优势和缺点;(3)提出监督分类的赤潮信息提取方法,其中典型赤潮样本的选取基于蓝绿波段反射率比值和MODIS 1,4,3波段。利用本方法,对珠江口海域2006年2月赤潮进行了提取,取得良好的效果。 相似文献
5.
面向对象方法和多源遥感数据的杭州湾海岸线提取分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以1983-2011年的多源遥感数据为基础,利用GIS空间分析和地图代数功能,提取杭州湾海岸线,分析了其变迁的位置、长度,以及增加和减少的陆地面积。结果表明:受到自然和人为因素的影响,杭州湾南北两岸的海岸线变迁规律不同。杭州湾北岸1983-1993年共有60.2km的海岸线向陆迁移,最大迁移距离0.6km,减少的陆地面积共为23.5km2。1993-2011年由于围垦和工业填海北岸向海迁移。其中,1993-2002年最大迁移距离3.6km,新增陆地面积42.5km2,2002-2011年最大迁移距离2.9km,新增陆地面积61.0km2。由于淤积和围垦,杭州湾南岸海岸线不断向海迁移,1983-1993年、1993-2002年和2002-2011年向海迁移最大距离分别是1.8km、2.7km和5.1km,新增陆地面积分别为34.3km2、230.2km2及331.7km2。海岸线向海迁移的速度越来越快,规模越来越大。研究成果对于地图制图、滨海湿地生态资源管理,以及海岸线保护具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
6.
Edible Peanut Worm(Sipunculus nudus) in the Beibu Gulf: Resource,Aquaculture, Ecological Impact and Counterplan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,(5)
Sipunculus nudus is an important economic species because of its high nutritional and medicinal values. The exploitation and utilization of S. nudus primarily occur in the coastal regions of the Beibu Gulf. However, wild resource of S. nudus is rapidly decreasing because of the overexploitation, which has led to considerable developments of artificial breeding techniques. The cultivation scale of S. nudus has increased in response to successful artificial breeding; however, methods for culturing S. nudus in tidal flats or ponds require further study. Most studies have focused on the breeding, nutrition, medical value and ecological impact of these worms. Studies on the distribution, sediment requirements, nutrition characteristics, breeding techniques and aquaculture ecology of this species are summarized in this paper to promote the development of the aquaculture industry for S. nudus. The high biomass of S. nudus in the Beibu Gulf is positively correlated with the sediment characteristics and water quality of the region. The production of peanut worm has improved to some extent through culturing; however, the nutrient value and ecological environment problems have been observed, which reflect the over exploitation of trace elements and the sediment. These problems will worsen unless they are resolved, and the release of organic materials, nitrogen and phosphorus during harvesting impacts the coastal environment. Moreover, genetic erosion is a potential risk for larvae in artificial breeding programs in tidal flats. Therefore, culturing and collecting methods should be improved and the wild resource conservation should be implemented to promote the sustainable development of the peanut worm. 相似文献
7.
海洋文化产业作为新的产业形态是目前一些临海国家或区域发展的经济热点。拥有丰富海洋文化资源且以良好的海洋经济发展作为依托,厦门海洋文化产业发展初显成效,但过于依赖滨海旅游业、海洋文化产业人才匮乏等问题制约了厦门海洋文化产业的发展。研究认为厦门海洋文化产业今后的发展应从打造闽台海洋文化人文旅游线路、发展厦门新兴海洋文化产业、提高厦门海洋文化产业附加值、培养本土海洋文化产业人才等4个方面需求突破。 相似文献
8.
9.
ＴＨＥ ＥＲＯＳＩＯＮＡＬ ＰＲＯＣＥＳＳ ＯＦ ＴＨＥ ＳＯＦＴ ＳＨＯＲＥ ＯＦ ＣＨＩＮＡ ＩＮ ＴＨＥ ＲＥＣＥＮＴ ＤＥＣＡＤＥＳ ＷａｎｇＷｅｎｈａｉ（王文海）；ＷｕＳａｎｇｙｕｎ（吴桑云）；ＸｉａＤｏｎｇｘｉｎｇ（夏东兴）（ＦｉｒｓｔＩ... 相似文献
10.
中国数字海洋构建基准与关键技术 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
地理信息系统(GIS)以其空间数据管理、空间分析和图形图像产品制作能力的强大,在海洋领域展现了巨大的潜力。但由于地理信息系统发展于陆地应用,面对海洋特性,有诸多不足。为此,本文在分析海洋特征的基础上,以中国海岸线为基准,构建中国数字海洋的原型系统。重点讨论了数字海洋的问题和解决办法,分析了以海岸线为基准的数据组织与处理,并探讨了其结构体系与集成方式,逻辑运算与可视化方法。 相似文献
11.
ESTUARINE AND COASTAL CHALLENGES IN CHINA 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Estuaries and coasts axe conjunctions of four spheres (atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere) and important matter and energy convergence/divergence zones, where devel-oped economy, dense population and highly intensive exploitation induce adverse environmental changes and serious destruction of resources, which have great impacts on coastal sustainable development, espe-cially as the highly intensive development in river basins has direct and pronounced effects on estuaries and their adjacent coasts. In the new century, China‘s estuaries and coast are faced with four main chal-lenges : sharp decrease of sediment discharge into the sea, rapid increase of pollution matter into the sea, loss of coastal wetland, and the impacts of global sea level rise on the coastal lowlands of China. There-fore, it is undoubtedly very important and urgent to carry out studies on estuarine and coastal environmen-tal changes, in order to resolve the issue of national sustainable development, especially that of rational use of coastal zone resources. 相似文献
12.
黄河三角洲高效生态经济区是具有国家战略地位的重要生态经济区,该地区的海岸带地处海陆交接地带,属于陆缘海海岸带,生态环境脆弱,区域海岸带地形地貌系统性阐述甚少。在开展该区域生态地质环境调查的基础上,结合实际调查情况及以往文献的研读,对该地区海岸带地形地貌、岸滩地貌类型及特征进行了系统性归纳总结。整个黄河三角洲高效生态经济区的海岸带地貌分黄河三角洲粉砂淤泥质海岸、莱州湾南岸潍北平原区粉砂淤泥质海岸、莱州砂质海岸3个部分。岸滩类型分为黄河三角洲岸段冲淤平衡潮滩、侵蚀潮滩、淤积潮滩3种及莱州湾岸段侵蚀潮滩及侵蚀砂质海滩2种。 相似文献
13.
Sipunculus nudus is an important economic species because of its high nutritional and medicinal values. The exploitation and utilization of S. nudus primarily occur in the coastal regions of the Beibu Gulf. However, wild resource of S. nudus is rapidly decreasing because of the overexploitation, which has led to considerable developments of artificial breeding techniques. The cultivation scale of S. nudus has increased in response to successful artificial breeding; however, methods for culturing S. nudus in tidal flats or ponds require further study. Most studies have focused on the breeding, nutrition, medical value and ecological impact of these worms. Studies on the distribution, sediment requirements, nutrition characteristics, breeding techniques and aquaculture ecology of this species are summarized in this paper to promote the development of the aquaculture industry for S. nudus. The high biomass of S. nudus in the Beibu Gulf is positively correlated with the sediment characteristics and water quality of the region. The production of peanut worm has improved to some extent through culturing; however, the nutrient value and ecological environment problems have been observed, which reflect the over exploitation of trace elements and the sediment. These problems will worsen unless they are resolved, and the release of organic materials, nitrogen and phosphorus during harvesting impacts the coastal environment. Moreover, genetic erosion is a potential risk for larvae in artificial breeding programs in tidal flats. Therefore, culturing and collecting methods should be improved and the wild resource conservation should be implemented to promote the sustainable development of the peanut worm. 相似文献
14.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2021,(2)
Jellyfish blooms have become a hot research topic in recent decade s because they pose a serious threat to fisheries,coastal industries,tourism,and the marine ecosystem.The life cycle of scyphozoan jellyfish consists of a pelagic medusa stage and a benthic polyp stage,where asexual reproduction and strobilation of the polyps directly affect the abundance of ephyra and subsequently medusa abundance.The dynamics of polyps are affected by both environmental and biological factors,and predation by natural predators is one of the most important biological factors.Nemopilema nomurai,Aurelia coerulea,and Rhopilema esculentum are three scyphozoan species that are commonly found in Chinese coastal waters,and previous studies reported that the survivorship of polyps differs among the three species when they are exposed to the same benthic community.To identify potential natural predators of polyps of these three species in Chine se coastal waters and to deterrmine whether the predation rates on polyps of the three species differ,we collected 39 species of macro zoobenthos from the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea,and East China Sea from May 2014 to June 2016 and conducted predation tests and predation rate measurements.We found that the nudibranchs Pleurobranchaea novaezealandiae,Okenia plana,and Chromodoris tinctoria and the sea anemones Paracalliactis sinica,Calliactis japonica,Anthopleura incerta,and Anthopleura midori could prey on the polyps of all three scyphozoan species.The predation rates increased with the body length of the predators.The predations rates were also related to the polyp species,although the different predators showed no consistent preference for a particular species of polyp.Our results indicate that introducing predators to locations inhabited by polyps might be a way to control the benthic polyp populations and preve nt subsequent jelly fish blooms. 相似文献
15.
通过对昌邑滨海(下营)经济开发区土地利用现状调查,分析用地保障能力和土地节约集约利用程度,针对调查中发现的问题,提出了拓展滨海发展空间、提高节约集约水平、提升服务保障能力的建议措施。 相似文献
16.
廖宗麟 《广东海洋大学学报》2002,22(5):10-13
在漫长的旧社会 ,由于各种原因 ,使得我国沿海地区居民的法制意识比较淡薄。我国加入WTO后 ,经济生活乃至社会生活将要严格遵守规则 ,从而也将促使我国沿海地区的法制意识增强。 相似文献
17.
辽东湾海岸类型及其分布受区域地质构造控制。海岸类型可分为:港湾型基岩海岸、岛礁型基岩海岸、岬湾型沙质海岸、平原型淤泥质海岸等4类;潮间带地貌分为海滩、潮滩、岩滩3类;水下堆积地貌主要有水下三角洲及潮下浅滩。受河流输沙影响,淤积先从河口开始,然后向外围扩散。在湾顶部,地貌及内、外动力条件利于海岸淤涨,但受滨岸海洋水文条件制约,发展不均衡,可出现局部短时间的侵蚀后退现象。海岸工程可控制海岸的演化过程,滩涂地带引种植物可促进海岸持续淤涨。 相似文献
18.
Global research progress on coastal flooding was studied using a bibliometric evaluation of publications listed in the Web of Science extended scientific citation index. There was substantial growth in coastal flooding research output, with increasing publications, a higher collaboration index, and more references during the 1995–2016 period. The USA has taken a dominant position in coastal flooding research, with the US Geological Survey leading the publications ranking. Research collaborations at institutional scales have become more important than those at global scales. International collaborative publications consistently drew more citations than those from a single country. Furthermore, coastal flooding research included combinations of multi-disciplinary categories, including ‘Geology' and ‘Environmental Sciences Ecology'. The most important coastal flooding research sites were wetlands and estuaries. While numerical modeling and 3 S(Remote sensing, RS; Geography information systems, GIS; Global positioning systems, GPS) technology were the most commonly used methods for studying coastal flooding, Lidar gained in popularity. The vulnerability and adaptation of coastal environments, their resilience after flooding, and ecosystem services function showed increases in interest. 相似文献
19.
从海岸带环境与生态过程研究所面临的问题和需求角度出发,探讨了"e-Coastal Science"科研协同平台研发的必要性、框架结构、技术路线与支撑技术。即选择海岸带水域环境监测与模拟、入海河流流域空间水文与生态模拟、资源与环境胁迫下的海岸带管理决策三个密切相关的科学问题作为"研究单元"及平台系统研发的切入点,通过综合应用计算机科学和地球信息科学的基本理论与前沿技术,设计包含IT Infrastructure、GeoScience Platform和Coastal Science Platform的三个"宏观层面"系统平台,以及硬件平台、数据平台、模型模拟平台、协同与沟通平台和信息发布平台五个"技术单元"的系统框架,整个系统以Duckling1.2协同工作环境套件、Arc-GIS 9.3地理信息系统为主要支撑技术,并以专业模型工具研发及集成为技术特点。 相似文献
20.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(6)
Sea ice disaster is one of the principal natural hazards that affect some coastal areas of China, and the formation of ice cover in a wave field has important characteristics. However, analysis of the mechanism in which waves affect the thermodynamic process of sea ice is lacking, and the influence of waves is not taken into consideration in numerical models of sea ice, largely because of a lack of simultaneous observations of waves and sea ice. Using observational data of the sea ice cycle in the coastal waters of Liaodong Bay(China), we analyzed the characteristics of hydrology, meteorology, and sea ice thickness during the formation of sea ice, and explored the changes in the interrelationships among heat fluxes, waves, and sea ice under actual sea conditions. The results could provide a decision-making support as a reference to the establishment and improvement of China's early warning system to sea ice disasters, and the protection of ice drilling operations and production platform safety. 相似文献