共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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【目的】研究雷州半岛东部近岸海域大型底栖经济甲壳动物的群落结构及其影响因素,为甲壳类资源评估与合理利用提供参考依据。【方法】于2016年4月至2017年2月按季度在该海域开展4个航次的渔业资源底拖网调查,采集经济甲壳动物样品,并进行分类鉴定,同时采集环境数据。采用聚类分析和冗余分析(RDA),评价该海域不同季节甲壳动物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系。【结果】共有甲壳动物98种,隶属2目24科43属;全年优势种有变态蟳(Charybdis variegata)、哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii)和须赤虾(Metapenaeopsis barbata)等10种;各季节丰富度指数(D)、多样性指数(H′)、均匀度指数(J′)均以夏季最高,冬、春季次之,秋季最低;各季节均可划分为两个群落(Anosim test:0.579相似文献
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调查了硇洲岛底栖海藻的种类组成、垂直分布特点和区系性质。硇洲岛的海藻计有４３属６７种，其中包括４０种经济海藻。马尾藻属等在潮下带构成环岛的海底林带。其区系性质属亚热带。并对合理开发利用和保护现有的海藻资源，开展经济海藻的人工养殖提出了建议。 相似文献
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2010年5月,在湛江湾海域设立10个站点对大型底栖生物进行调查,分析湛江湾大型底栖生物的种类组成、生物量、栖息密度和生物多样性特征,并通过聚类(CLUSTER)和MDS排序对大型底栖生物群落进行划分。结果表明,调查海域共有底栖生物共7门112种,环节动物门、软体动物门和节肢动物门为湛江湾大型底栖生物的主要类群。生物量分布范围为0.93～98.20 g.m-2,其中软体动物门的平均生物量最高值。栖息密度分布范围为6.11～24.80 ind.m-2,其中以环节动物门(24.08 ind.m-2)和星虫动物门(22.22 ind.m-2)最高。该海域大型底栖生物群落物种较为丰富,但多样性差。根据Bray-Curtis相似性系数聚类分析和多维尺度排序分析结果,可将湛江湾大型底栖动物划分为4个群落。丰度生物量曲线(ABC)分析结果,湛江湾大型底栖生物受到严重的环境污染或者扰动,群落结构不稳定。与其他海域大型底栖生物种类数、生物量和丰度的比较分析结果,湛江湾的生物量和丰度偏低。 相似文献
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【目的】了解马氏珠母贝(Pinctada fucata martensii)肠道及其养殖水体可培养细菌的群落组成。【方法】采用2216E平板涂布法研究海区养殖马氏珠母贝肠道与养殖水体的可培养菌群种类及丰度。【结果与结论】马氏珠母贝肠道及其养殖水体的可培养细菌归属于2门(变形菌门和厚壁菌门)3纲7目10科23属56种。属水平上,肠道中以弧菌属(74.7%)和假交替单胞菌属(18.7%)为主;养殖水体中α-变形菌纲的FJ943236_g属(40.7%)丰度最大,弧菌属(16.7%)相对肠道丰度较低。样品共有菌属为弧菌属、假交替单胞菌属、发光杆菌属和芽孢杆菌属;肠道特有菌属为希瓦氏菌属和盐单胞菌属;养殖水体特有菌属主要为FJ943236_g、鲁杰氏菌属和Nautella。在种水平上,7个种为二者共有;马氏珠母贝肠道和养殖水体特异性菌种分别为18个和31个。虽然门水平上马氏珠母贝肠道中可培养细菌群落与其养殖水体中的细菌群落大致相似,但在属、种水平上二者差异明显。 相似文献
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对 2 0 0 0年 5～ 7月北太平洋中东部海域鱿钓探捕调查所获的不同深度海水温度和柔鱼渔获量等资料进行分析 ,结果表明在西经调查水域的 1 74°W和 1 71°W附近 ,1 0 0m ,2 0 0m和 3 0 0m水温分布均形成明显的暖水舌 ,其特征水温依次为 1 0～ 1 1℃ ,9～ 1 0°C及 8～ 9°C ;在东经调查水域 ,表层以下各层水温较往年有所偏低 1～ 2度。分析结果还表明 ,西经调查水域的中心渔场均处在暖水舌前锋一侧 ,中心渔场形成的水温指标为 :表层 1 3～ 1 4°C ,1 0 0m水层 1 0～ 1 1°C、2 0 0m水层 9～ 1 0°C及 3 0 0m水层 8～ 9°C ;在东经调查水域 ,调查期间没有形成中心渔场 ,这可能与深层水温偏低有关 相似文献
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根据 2 0 0 1年 11至 2 0 0 2年 1月间北部湾海域秋、冬季 2个航次的底拖网渔业资源调查资料 ,对北部湾海域甲壳类的种类组成及分布进行研究。本次调查共渔获虾类 2 4种 ,隶属于 6科 11属 ;蟹类 30种 ,隶属 9科 19属 ;虾蛄 9种 ,隶属 2科 6属。各种类沿水深和地理分布有明显变化 ,主要集中分布于湾中部水深 2 1～ 80m海域。 相似文献
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【目的】评价北京北运河水系河流生态系统状态,分析底栖动物群落与环境因子之间的相关性。【方法】2015年6月对北京地区夏季北运河水系33个样点的大型底栖动物群落结构和水环境理化因子特征进行野外调查,基于香浓维纳指数、均匀度指数、底栖动物功能摄食类群的划分以及典范对应分析等方法,分析底栖动物群落组成和空间结构特征。【结果】共鉴定出底栖动物3门23种,各采样点位平均密度为1037.35 ind/L,香浓维纳指数平均值为0.88,均匀度平均值为0.41。全区大型底栖动物共划分成5类功能摄食类群,其中刮食者物种数占绝对优势,滤食者密度占绝对优势。典范对应分析表明,夏季影响北运河底栖动物功能摄食类群的主要环境因子是水温和p H。【结论】北运河水系底栖动物群落香浓维纳指数较低,水体污染较为严重。 相似文献
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调查北仑河口北岸竹山岛沿岸3条潮间带断面大型底栖动物的生态特征,共采集到大型底栖动物63种,其中软体动物29种,甲壳动物18种,多毛类12种,其他类4种。优势种为珠带拟蟹守螺(Cerithidea cingulata)、长腕和尚蟹(Mictyris longicarpus)、智利巢沙蚕(Diopatra chilienis)和艾氏活额寄居蟹(Diogenes penicillatus)。平均生物量为155.06 g/m2,平均栖息密度为343.8 ind/m2。香农-维纳多样性指数平均值为2.27,种类均匀度指数平均值为0.48,丰富度指数平均值为3.53。ABC曲线分析结果表明,3条断面的潮间带大型底栖动物均受到了中等程度的扰动。Ⅰ~Ⅲ断面的大型底栖动物污染指数(MPI值)分别为2.61、0.16和-17.08。该海域的潮间带环境受到了一定程度的人为活动干扰。 相似文献
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2007年7月对茂名市小东江的浮游生物及污染状况进行调查和分析,结果共检出浮游植物122种,其中蓝藻门15属34种,占(总种类数,下同)27.9%,硅藻门16属26种,占21.3%,绿藻门29属52种,占42.6%,裸藻门3属6种,占4.9%,金藻门1属1种,占0.8%,黄藻门3属3种,占2.5%;浮游动物78种,其中原生动物门26属36种,占46.2%,轮虫动物门9属16种,占20.5%,节肢动物门枝角类8属14种,占17.9%,桡足类10属11种,占14.1%,水生昆虫1属1种,占1.3%。各调查断面浮游植物的种类数平均为37种,细胞密度在11.3×104~19.5×104/L,Ⅴ断面最高,Ⅰ断面最低,平均为14.4×104/L;浮游动物种类数平均为27种,密度平均为2 895/L。相邻断面间Jaccard种类相似性指数范围为0.13~0.23,各断面环境异质性相差较大,该季节河水流动性小。叶绿素a含量为19.9~45.3μg/L,它与细胞密度呈显著的正相关,与无机氮、无机磷和COD均不存在明显的相关性。各断面的浮游植物多样性指数为3.1~4.5,均匀度为0.62~0.85;浮游动物的多样性指数为2.7~3.9,均匀度我0.59~0.80。对βm-αm指示种种类组成和群落结构分析,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ断面水质属生态中污类型,而Ⅰ断面属生态寡污类型。以国家地表水质量标准评判,各断面COD含量为Ⅰ类水;无机氮含量除Ⅰ断面外,其他断面均为Ⅲ类水;无机磷含量均优于Ⅱ类水;石油类除Ⅰ、Ⅱ断面为Ⅳ类水外,其他断面均为Ⅴ类水。单因子污染指数分析表明,小东江流域水质为中污染至重污染之间。 相似文献
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Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel, a harmful microalga, and its production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate
The production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and its cleavage products (DMS) are well studied in phytoplankton worldwide. However, less is known about their sources, distributions, and impacts in the coast of China. We examined the production of DMSP and DMS in Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel and other benthic macroalgae from the South China coast in relation to environmental conditions. P. globosa was a harmful marine microalgal species and its bloom took place in the eutrophic waters along the South China Sea frequently. It also produced high content of DMSP at different growth stages, with the highest concentration usually observed in the stationary period. Moreover, the production of DMSP in P. globosa was significantly affected by salinity and temperature with the highest contents associated with high salinity (e.g. 40) and low temperature (e.g. 20°C). In field benthic macroalgae, there was also a marked difference in the DMSP of various species or different samples of the same species. Chlorophyll a contents were also determined for each macroalgal species. The highest chlorophyll a (238.7 ng/g fresh weight) was recorded in Chlorophyta Ulva lactuca at Guishan Island (Zhuhai), while the lowest value (1.5 ng/g fresh weight) was found in Rhodophyta Gracilaria tenuistipitata in Zhanjiang. Further correlation analysis indicated that there was no significant relationship between the content of DMSP and chl-a in macroalgae samples (P > 0.05). All the results suggested that the production of DMSP in marine algae was not only species- and stage-related, but also greatly affected by various environmental factors. 相似文献
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<正>柔鱼(Ommastrephes bartramii)广泛分布在北太平洋,20世纪70年代初首先由日本鱿钓船开发,我国大陆于1993年开始利用该资源,1994年进行较大规模地商业性生产。目前北太平洋鱿钓渔业已成为我国远洋渔业的支柱[1]。据估计,历史上北太平洋柔 相似文献
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Seasonal changes in food uptake by the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in a farm pond: Evidence from C and N stable isotopes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study investigated the seasonal changes in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotope values of several typical food sources of Apostichopus japonicus in a farm pond, including particulate organic matter (POM), macroalgae, benthic microalgae and animals such as nematode and copepod. The stable isotope technique was used to quantify relative contributions of various sources to the food uptake by A. japonicus. The results showed that significant changes occurred in the C and N stable isotope values of sea cucumber food sources due to the seasonality of micro-or macroalgae prosperity and the fluctuation of environmental conditions. The sea cucumber A. japonicus exhibited corresponding alterations in feeding strategy in response to the changes in food conditions. Calculation with a stable isotope mixing model showed that macroalgae was the principal food source for A. japonicus throughout the 1-yr investigation, with the relative contribution averaging 28.1% - 63.2%. The relative contributions of other food sources such as copepod and nematode, POM, benthic microalgae to the total food uptake by sea cucumber averaged 22.6% - 39.1%, 6.3% - 22.2%, 2.8% - 6.5%, and 2.8% - 4.2%, respectively. Together these results indicated that the seasonal changes in food sources led to the obvious temporal differences in the relative contribution of various food sources utilized by A. japonicus. Such findings provide the basic scientific information for improving the aquaculture techniques of A. japonicus, particularly for optimizing the food environment of A. japonicus culture in farm ponds. 相似文献
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The annual bloom of the green macroalgal Ulva prolifera from May through July since 2008 and another of giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai from June through September have been frequent events in the Yellow Sea. However, the patterns of benthic ciliate communities during and after the blooms are still not known. In combination with analyses of benthic environmental factors, we investigated the distribution and community composition of benthic ciliates in the Yellow Sea in July and November 2011. In July, ciliates had high standing crops and diversity in the northern Yellow Sea, and in the inshore area off the southern Shandong Peninsula, where large numbers of green macroalgae accumulated. In November, the abundance, biomass and diversity of ciliates were high in the sea areas off the Shandong Peninsula and Changjiang estuary, where a large quantity of jellyfish occurred in August. Neither the abundance nor the biomass had significant difference between seasons, or between different compartments of the Yellow Sea. The species number, and both Margalef and Shannon-Wiener indices of ciliates were all significantly higher in November than in July. In both seasons, prostomateans and karyorelicteans consistently constituted the first and second most important ciliate groups in biomass; and carnivorous ciliates constituted the primary feeding type in terms of biomass as well as species richness, followed by bacterivores, algivores and omnivores. Compared with that in June 2007 when no macroalgae occurred, the percentage of small-sized bacterivores (e.g. Metacystis spp., Euplotes spp. and scuticociliates) increased in July 2011. The proportion of carnivorous ciliates increased in November, and this increased dominance of carnivorous ciliates may be a response to the increase in predominance of heterotrophic nanoflagellates, which might in turn be ascribed to an effect of green macroalgal and giant jellyfish blooms in the Yellow Sea. 相似文献
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邢福武，李泽贤，叶华谷，陈炳辉，吴德邻ＡＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＦＬＯＲＩＳＴＩＣＰＬＡＮＴＧＥＯＧＲＡＰＨＹＯＦＸＩＳＨＡＩＳＬＡＮＤＳ，ＳＯＵＴＨＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＸｉｎｇＦｕｗｕ；ＬｉＺｅｘｉａｎ；ＹｅＨｕａｇｕ；ＣｈｅｎＢｉｎｇｈｕｉ；ＷｕＤｅｌｉｎ（... 相似文献
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Study on the dominant species of Pteropoda in East China Sea 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1 INTRODUCTION Pteropoda is a group of marine pelagic mol- lusks, which belongs to Opisthobranchia of Gastro- poda. Although Pteropoda is not a major group in pelagic zooplankton in terms of abundance and number of species, their ecological characters are… 相似文献
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为分析湛江流沙湾海域优势渔种卵鳎的遗传多样性,应用微卫星标记技术,选用15对微卫星引物,以等位基因数、基因杂合度、多态信息含量、固定指数等遗传参数为指标,评估卵鳎群体内的遗传多态性。结果表明:共检测到90个等位基因,等位基因数从1~12不等,平均为6.0;有效等位基因数从1.0~8.4,平均为4.0,多态性位点比例为53%,显示其具有中等杂合子水平,其中8个多态位点的期望杂合度(He)为0.670~0.881,平均为0.800,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.353~1.000,平均为0.773,多态信息含量(PIC)值为0.616~0.870,平均为0.773,群体内固定指数F为-0.199~0.564,平均为0.046;流沙湾卵鳎群体具有高度遗传多样性。 相似文献