共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 73 毫秒
1.
许学工 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1996,6(3):212-222
ＴＨＥＳＹＳＴＥＭＡＴＩＣＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＯＦＴＨＥＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＡＮＤＲＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＯＦＴＨＥＨＵＡＮＧＨＥＲＩＶＥＲＤＥＬＴＡ￥ＸｕＸｕｅｇｏｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＧｅｏｇｒａｐｈｙ，ＰｅｋｉｎｇＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｂｅｉ... 相似文献
2.
Research activities on land-use/cover change in the past ten years in China using space technology 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
１ ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｒｅｃｅｎｔａｎｄｆｕｔｕｒｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｓｐａｃｅｂａｓｅｄｒｅｍｏｔｅｓｅｎｓｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙｈａｓｂｒｏｕｇｈｔａｒｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｔｏｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｗｏｒｋａｓｗｅｌｌａｓｆｏｒｍｕｌａｔｉｎｇｓｕｉｔａｂｌｅｐｏｌｉｃｙｆｏｒｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ,ｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ,ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｎｄｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ．Ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｒｅａｌｔｉｍｅａｎｄｐｅｒｉｏｄｉｃｏｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｓｏｆａｌａｒｇｅａｒ… 相似文献
3.
Li Mingsen 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1996,6(4):321-331
ＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳ ＡＮＤ ＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＬ ＥＸＰＬＯＩＴＡＴＩＯＮ ＯＦ ＬＡＮＤ ＲＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳ ＩＮ ＸＩＺＡＮＧＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＡＮＤＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＥＸＰＬＯＩＴＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＬＡＮＤＲＥＳＯＵＲＣＥＳＩＮＸ... 相似文献
4.
夏宜铮 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1994,4(1):8-18
ＴＨＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＴＨＥＴＨＲＥＥＧＯＲＧＥＳＰＲＯＪＥＣＴＯＮＥＣＯＬＯＧＹＡＮＤＥＮＶＩＲＯＮＭＥＮＴＸｉａＹｉｃｈｅｎｇ（夏宜铮）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＨｙｄｒｏｂｉｏｌｏｇｙ，ｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，Ｗ... 相似文献
5.
黄河三角洲具有极高的生态价值，研究其景观格局及生态风险对促进黄河三角洲高质量发展具有重要意义。本文以黄河三角洲1980年、2000年和2020年土地利用数据为基础，分析土地转移及景观格局特征，同时构建生态风险评价模型揭示生态风险时空演变及空间相关性。结果表明：（1）耕地是黄河三角洲最主要的地类，占比在60%以上，1980—2020年土地转移主要发生在耕地、建设用地、水域和未利用地之间。（2）1980—2020年黄河三角洲景观斑块数、景观斑块密度、景观最大斑块指数、景观形状指数和香农多样性指数均呈下降趋势，区域整体趋向简单化和聚集化。（3）黄河三角洲高风险区和较高风险区主要环渤海分布，1980—2020年各级风险区转出最大面积均为更低级风险区，生态风险有所降低。 相似文献
6.
Spatial-temporal pattern and population driving force of land use change in Liupan Mountains region, southern Ningxia, China 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Bin Quan M. J. M. Römkens Jianjun Tao Bicheng Li Chaokui Li Guanghui Yu Qichun Chen 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2008,18(4):323-330
The Liupan Mountains is located in the southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China, which forms an important dividing line between landforms and bio-geographic regions. The populated part of the Liupan Mountains region has suffered tremendous ecological damages over time due to population pressure, excessive demand and inappropriate use of agricultural land resources. In this paper, datasets of land use between 1990 and 2000 were obtained from Landsat TM imagery, and then spatial models were used to characterize landscape conditions. Also, the relationship between the population density and land use/cover change （LUCC） was analyzed. Results indicate that cropland, forestland, and urban areas have increased by 44,186ha, 9001ha and 1550ha, respectively while the grassland area has appreciably decreased by 54,025ha in the study period. The decrease in grassland was most notable. Of the grassland lost, 49.4% was converted into cropland. The largest annual land conversion rate in the study area was less than 2%. These changes are attributed to industrial and agricultural development and population growth. To improve the eco-economic conditions in the study region, population control, urbanization and development of an ecological friendly agriculture were suggested. 相似文献
7.
本文以济南市泉水补给区为研究对象,利用GIS空间分析方法,在其景观变化分析的基础上,参照中国陆地生态系统的生态服务价值系数,估算了泉水补给区生态服务功能价值变化,重点分析景观变化对研究区生态服务功能的影响,进而为区域可持续发展和城市建设提供理论支持。结果表明:(1)20世纪90年代以来,泉水补给区耕地和草地景观面积呈减少趋势,林地、园地和建设用地景观面积大幅增加,其中,以林地面积增加最大;从景观类型转化看,耕地与其他景观类型相互转化较为密切,特别是与建设用地和园地之间的转化;林地面积的增加主要来源于草地和耕地;(2)泉水补给区生态服务功能价值主要由林地和耕地景观生态服务价值构成,其变化对该研究区生态服务价值变化起决定作用;从生态服务价值构成类型来看,该地区土壤形成与保护服务功能单项价值所占比重最大,约占总服务功能价值的20%;(3)90年代以来,该地区总生态服务价值呈增加趋势;从单项服务价值变化来看,水源涵养、废物处理和食物生产服务功能价值则呈现出减小趋势,其中,以水源涵养减幅最大,为4.01%,主要是由该区建设用地增加,地面硬化面积增多而引起的。研究认为,济南市南部山区作为重要的泉水补给区,其生态服务功能尤为重要,特别是水源涵养功能,因此,研究区水源涵养服务功能价值的降低应在今后南部山区开发过程中得到足够的重视与保护,逐步增加泉水补给区的整体生态效益。 相似文献
8.
STUDY ON THE SPATIAL PATTERNS OF LAND-USE CHANGE AND ANALYSES OF DRIVING FORCES IN NORTHEASTERN CHINA DURING 1990-2000 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
Land-use change is an important aspect of global environment change. It is, in a sense, the direct result of human activities
influencing our physical environment. Supported by the dynamic serving system of national resources, including both the environment
database and GIS technology, this paper analyzed the land-use change in northeastern China in the past ten years (1990–2000).
It divides northeastern China into five land-use zones based on the dynamic degree (DD) of land-use: woodland/grassland —
arable land conversion zone, dry land — paddy field conversion zone, urban expansion zone, interlocked zone of farming and
pasturing, and reclamation and abandoned zone. In the past ten years, land-use change of northeastern China can be generalized
as follows: increase of cropland area was obvious, paddy field and dry land increased by 74.9 and 276.0 thousand ha respectively;
urban area expanded rapidly, area of town and rural residence increased by 76.8 thousand ha; area of forest and grassland
decreased sharply with the amount of 1399.0 and 1521.3 thousand ha respectively; area of water body and unused land increased
by 148.4 and 513.9 thousand ha respectively. Besides a comprehensive analysis of the spatial patterns of land use, this paper
also discusses the driving forces in each land-use dynamic zones. The study shows that some key biophysical factors affect
conspicuously the conversion of different land-use types. In this paper, the relationships between land-use conversion and
DEM, accumulated temperature (⩾10°C) and precipitation were analysed and represented. We conclude that the land-use changes
in northeast China resulted from the change of macro social and economic factors and local physical elements. Rapid population
growth and management changes, in some sense, can explain the shaping of woodland/grassland — cropland conversion zone. The
conversion from dry land to paddy field in the dry land — paddy field conversion zone, apart from the physical elements change
promoting the expansion of paddy field, results from two reasons: one is that the implementation of market-economy in China
has given farmers the right to decide what they plant and how they plant their crops, the other factor is originated partially
from the change of dietary habit with the social and economic development. The conversion from paddy field to dry land is
caused prmarily by the shortfall of irrigation water, which in turn is caused by poor water allocation management by local
governments. The shaping of the reclamation and abandoned zone is partially due to the lack of environment protection consciousness
among pioneer settlers. The reason for the conversion from grassland to cropland is the relatively higher profits of farming
than that of pasturing in the interlocked zone of farming and pasturing. In northeastern China, the rapid expansion of built-up
areas results from two factors: the first is its small number of towns; the second comes from the huge potential for expansion
of existing towns and cities. It is noticeable that urban expansion in the northeastern China is characterized by gentle topographic
relief and low population density. Physiognomy, transportation and economy exert great influences on the urban expansion.
Foundation item: Under the auspices of Knowledge Innovation program Key Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX-2-308).
Biography: LIU Ji-yuan (1947 - ), male, a native of Shanghai Municipality, professor, Director General of Institute of Geographical
Sciences and Natural Resources Research, the Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research interests include environment and resources,
remote sensing and geography. 相似文献
9.
ＴｈｅＹａｒｌｕｎｇＺａｎｇｂｏＲｉｖｅｒ,ａｌａｒｇｅｒｉｖｅｒｗｉｔｈｈｉｇｈｅｓｔａｌｔｉｔｕｄｅｉｎｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ,２０５７ｋｍｉｎｌｅｎｇｔｈ,ｆｌｏｗｓｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎｐａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅＱｉｎｇｈａｉＸｉｚａｎｇ（Ｔｉｂｅｔ）Ｐｌａｔｅａｕｆｒｏｍｗｅｓｔｔｏｅａｓｔａｎｄｄｒａｉｎｓａｎａｒｅａｏｆ２４０４８０ｋｍ２ｂｅｉｎｇａｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅａｒｅａｔｏｔｈｅｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｃｈａｎｇｅｓ（Ｇｕａｎｅｔａｌ．,１９８４;Ｙａｎｇｅｔａｌ．,… 相似文献
10.
山西省土地覆盖时空变化特征及其驱动因子分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以遥感与GIS为技术支撑,对山西省20世纪80年代到2005年的土地覆盖进行了动态监测,并分析了土地覆盖的变化特征及其驱动因子;监测表明,山西省土地覆盖时空变化特征:(1)变化数量:城镇建设用地和农村聚落面积增加显著,草地有所增加;旱地和水浇地减少明显,森林和河湖滩地略有减少。(2)变化速度:城镇建设用地增速迅猛,沼泽和农村聚落面积增速较快;河湖滩地减少速度最快,其次,是旱地和水浇地减少速度较快。(3)空间转换:以农田和聚落之间的转换为主,另外城镇建设用地的增加包括其扩展融入的农村聚落等;典型草地的增加主要来自旱地;灌丛减少主要是转变成典型草地,其次是转变成灌丛草地;河湖滩地减少主要是变为内陆水体,再是转变成水浇地。驱动力分析表明,区域自然因素相对稳定,对土地覆盖变化的影响较小,人口、经济、农业结构调整、政策和交通等是山西省土地覆盖变化的主要驱动力。山西省土地覆盖变化的总体特征与区域经济发展、产业布局及其工业化、城市化演变的特征基本一致。 相似文献
11.
The degeneration of forest landscapes is mainly caused by human impact on the natural environment, which is posing a great
threat to biodiversity. We studied the relationship between forest landscapes and birds in mountain regions of Xishuangbanna,
Yunnan Province. In Jinuo ethnic region, forest landscape is degenerating, and bird diversity is reducing as a result of human
influence. However, in Hani ethnic region of Mengsong area, a comparative study area, there are also traditional practices
of agriculture and forestry. The traditional practices are dynamically adaptive to local geographic environment and social
economic conditions. A great deal of biodiversity exists in the place where people have lived for many generations and use
the resources of environment in a sustainable manner. Considering bird diversity and forest landscape of mountainous area,
both economic and ecological benefits should be taken into account, which relate to land use and landscape protection. Biodiversity
conservation, resource management and policy making should pay much attention to the best interconnection of land use and
landscapes protection. 相似文献
12.
丁字湾地区是山东半岛蓝色经济区划9大核心区之一,是胶东经济圈一体化建设的焦点,发展远景广阔。本文选取2005年、2010年、2016年三期TM影像进行遥感解译研究丁字湾地区土地利用变化特征及其空间分布。研究结果表明,丁字湾地区土地利用类型以耕地为主,2005—2016年间建设用地、草地的面积显著增加,水域、海域面积大幅减少。土地的转移主要发生在"建设用地与耕地、耕地与水域、养殖盐田与海域、草地与养殖盐田"之间。城乡建设的不断发展,也给丁字湾地区带来了海岸侵蚀、海水入侵等生态环境负面影响。建议在湾口地区开展"退围还海、退养还滩、退耕还湿"等海岸整治修复工作后,发展人地环境和谐的生态旅游经济。 相似文献
13.
14.
本文以土库曼斯坦马雷绿洲为研究区,建立土地利用程度指数模型,利用2期遥感图像进行土地利用分类,对不同土地利用类型赋予相应属性;用正六边形网格采样,计算每个网格单元的土地利用程度综合指数;利用Kriging方法,对整个研究区进行土地利用程度综合指数插值和预测,分析马雷绿洲土地利用程度。结果表明:(1)研究区可利用土地利用类型主要为草地、耕地和撂荒地,占研究区的50%左右,呈减少态势;(2)研究区土地利用程度由中心向外围呈带状分布,土地利用程度综合指数等值线0.5为研究区绿洲与荒漠分界;(3)研究区中等及以上土地利用程度面积以年均0.079%递减,主绿洲与荒漠的面积比也由2001年的45.14∶54.86分别降为2010年的42.06∶57.94,说明研究区生态环境有恶化的趋势;(4)低、较高、高土地利用程度自身转移率均大于80%,而较低、中等土地利用程度自身转移率在50%左右。本文得到了马雷绿洲土地利用程度空间分布及变化,对研究区社会经济的发展及生态环境的保护具有指导意义,其技术流程和方法对今后的相关研究有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
15.
黄河三角洲油田集中区土地利用演化的遥感分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文利用多时相的 TM卫星影像及相关资料 ,圈定油田集中区 ,并提取其土地利用要素 ;就 1984～ 1999年15年来 ,黄河三角洲油田集中区内土地利用变化进行分析。结果表明 ,油田集中区是处于生态极其脆弱的地带 ,土地利用类型变化比较快 ,变化的面积所占的比例相对较大。 相似文献
16.
该文在对研究区资源环境本底基本了解的基础上,建立了包括耕地资源、水资源、社会经济资源、土壤环境、极端气候发生率和地质环境6个二级指标的资源环境承载力评价指标体系,采用定性和定量相结合的方法,利用层次分析法确定相关指标权重,分别对6个要素进行承载力评价。在各单元要素评价基础上,结合黄河三角洲高效生态经济区农业发展要求,划分出了沿海湿地生态系统保护带、北部盐渍化土质特色种植区、南部优质粮食生产区和果蔬集中种植区4个生态农业布局适宜区,并提出发展建议。 相似文献
17.
黄河源区玛多县土地利用/覆被及景观格局变化的遥感分析 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
采用了黄河源地区1977、1990及2003年MSS、TM的3个时相遥感影像,通过人机交互的解译与GIS的空间分析,提取了玛多县3个时期的土地利用/覆被信息。分析了玛多县各地类的数量变化和空间变化特征。另外对景观生态空间分布格局,利用FRAGSTATS软件对玛多县景观级别的动态特征进行了分析。结果表明:玛多县的土地利用/覆被类型以草地为主,占全区总面积77.93%;退化现象十分严重,主要是草地覆盖度的降低以及草地沙化;景观破碎化程度在前期呈下降趋势,而后期呈上升趋势,景观斑块形态越来越偏离规则而变得复杂、多样。 相似文献
18.
Xinxiang Cao 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2008,18(2):146-154
It is very significant for urban development and urban wetland protection and utilization to probe into the process and reasons of urban wetland landscape dynamics. Taking the information of remote sensing and detailed land survey data as the basic information sources, with the help of RS and GIS, according to the principles and methods of landscape ecology, this paper analyzed wetland landscape pattern dynamics and its reasons in Kaifeng City, Henan Province of China, from 1987 to 2002. The results show that the total wetland area in Kaifeng City firstly reduced by 20.1% from 1987 to 1990 and then increased from 1990 to 2002, with an average annual growth rate of 3.3%. At the same time, landscape fragment degree and landscape dominance degree increased, respectively from 0.64 to 0.72 and from 0.3754 to 0.5563, but mean patch area, maximum patch area, patch fractal dimension reduced. As far as single landscape element concerned, fi＇om 1987 to 2002, patch area, patch number, patch density, patch shape and patch location changed in varying degrees in all wetland types in Kaifeng City, among which rice field changed most and others relatively less. In the recent 20 years, rice fields, lake wetlands, puddles and ponds had a higher stability, but river and bottomland wetlands were mostly transformed to land use types. The change of wetland landscape pattern was the result of the combined action of the Huanghe （Yellow） River, urban expansion, wide cultivation of rice, and rapid development of fishery. Among them human activities were the main driving factors for wetland landscape changes. 相似文献
19.
王直军 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1999,(2)
１ＧＥＮＥＲＡＬＳＩＴＵＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＳＴＵＤＩＥＤＡＲＥＡ１．１ＮａｔｕｒａｌＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔＴｈｅｓｔｕｄｙｗａｓｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅＪｉｎｕｏＭｏｕｎｔａｉｎ（２０°５３′１１″－２２°９′５９″Ｎ,１００°５５′３３″－１... 相似文献
20.
长江三角洲土地资源遥感动态分析 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
戴锦芳 《地球信息科学学报》2002,4(4):69-74
对土地资源需求的增长与有限的土地资源量之间的矛盾 ,是长江三角洲区域经济持续发展的主要矛盾之一。随着长江三角洲区域经济的快速发展 ,城市化、工业化进程加快 ,土地资源在高强度的开发中发生快速变化。在经济发展的同时 ,人与土地资源的矛盾更加尖锐 ,成为当前制约国民经济持续、协调发展的重要因素。长江三角洲地区是我国经济高度发达的地区之一 ,也是我国历史上少有的大面积粮食高产、稳产区。本文在利用遥感和 GIS技术对 1985～ 2 0 0 0年间全区土地资源进行动态分析 ,特别是在对耕地资源数量的定量分析基础上 ,结合区域土地资源的结构变化特点 ,深入研究其时空过程及动态变化规律 ,探索长江三角洲地区耕地动态平衡的措施与土地资源合理利用的对策 ,为区域农业持续发展服务。 相似文献