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在室内水泥池，利用沙层自净养殖模式和直接铺沙养殖模式对不同规格的方斑东风螺（Babylonia areolata Link）进行了高密度养殖的研究。结果表明，沙层自净养殖模式养殖小螺、中螺、大螺组日均增重分别为0．031、0．088、0．098g／d，沙层NH4^＋-N最高含量ω分别为1．3、2．1、3．1mg,／L,H2S最高含量ω分别为0．03、0．07、0．14mg／L．各规格组东风螺保持正常生长和活动，成活率92．9％以上；直接铺沙养殖模式养殖小螺、中螺、大螺日均增重分别为：0．023、0．051、0．068g／d．成活率分别为95．2％、86．7％、84．9％，沙层NH4^＋-N最高含量ω达到13．7mg／L，H2S最高含量ω达到0．47mg／L，沙层底质恶化，东风螺活动异常、不摄食。可见，沙层自净养殖模式对方斑东风螺的生长、成活率、沙层水质控制效果显著，在一定程度上克服了直接铺沙养殖底质恶化问题。 相似文献
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综述了河蚌养殖育珠对水域水质影响以及养殖模式优化,指出采用适当的养殖模式养殖育珠,可修复水域环境与改善水质状况. 相似文献
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建立了一种虾、鱼、贝、藻多池循环水生态养殖及水质生物调控系统 ,该系统包括对虾养殖、鱼类养殖、贝类养殖、大型海藻栽培等 4个功能不同的养殖区 ,1个水处理区及 1个应急排水渠。通过在封闭循环系统内不同池塘中放养生态位互补的经济动植物 ,对虾池水质环境进行生物调控。结果表明 ,循环系统内虾池水层悬浮物数量、COD值、氨态氮含量比对照组单养对虾池明显降低 (t检验 ,P <0 .0 1)。养殖后排放水不处于富营养化状态 (E <1)。投入每千克对虾饲料生产0 .6 6 7kg对虾 ,同时生产 0 .0 37kg罗非鱼、0 .738kg牡蛎、0 .4 37kg江蓠 ,饲料利用率和经济效益显著增加。该养殖模式还具有防病性、环保性、高效性等优点 相似文献
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关于南珠产业可持续发展的思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于南珠产业的特色、优势、现状,针对其目前存在养殖环境恶化,珍珠贝生长慢、病害多、死亡大,珍珠单产低、质量差、品种单一、市场竞争力不强,产业效益下降、发展后劲不足等问题;提出实现南珠产业可持续健康发展的相应对策:进行科学规划,加强容量管理;加速良种选育与新品种开发;加强技术培训,推广规范化养殖;革新加工技术,提升市场竞争力;加大监管力度,规范市场秩序,扶强龙头企业;促进南珠产业向集约化、组织化方向发展。 相似文献
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在室内水泥池,利用沙层自净养殖模式和直接铺沙养殖模式对不同规格的方斑东风螺(Babylonia areolataLink)进行了高密度养殖的研究。结果表明,沙层自净养殖模式养殖小螺、中螺、大螺组日均增重分别为0.031、0.088、0.098 g/d,沙层NH4+-N最高含量w分别为1.3、2.1、3.1 mg/L,H2S最高含量w分别为0.03、0.07、0.14mg/L,各规格组东风螺保持正常生长和活动,成活率92.9%以上;直接铺沙养殖模式养殖小螺、中螺、大螺日均增重分别为:0.023、0.051、0.068 g/d,成活率分别为95.2%、86.7%、84.9%,沙层NH4+-N最高含量w达到13.7mg/L,H2S最高含量w达到0.47 mg/L,沙层底质恶化,东风螺活动异常、不摄食。可见,沙层自净养殖模式对方斑东风螺的生长、成活率、沙层水质控制效果显著,在一定程度上克服了直接铺沙养殖底质恶化问题。 相似文献
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林东年 《广东海洋大学学报》2001,21(4):63-65
为了促进对虾养殖业可持续发展 ,我们对养殖周期短、虾苗成活高、抗病力强的南美白对虾进行了普通池塘养殖、沙滩提水式养殖、高密度养殖、咸淡水养殖、淡化养殖等综合技术试验研究 ,经过一年多的试验研究与推广 ,获得了显著的效果。1 材料与方法1 .1 材料1 .1 .1 普通池塘养殖试验 池塘为泥质普通池塘 ,面积 0 .53 hm2的池塘试养南美白对虾 ,面积0 .67hm2 池塘养殖斑节对虾 ,水深均为 2 .0 m,1 999年 7月 2 3日投放体长 1 .0 cm南美白对虾苗1 2万尾和斑节对虾苗 1 3万尾 ,放苗密度分别为 2 2 .5万尾 /hm2 和 1 9.5万尾 /hm2 。1 .1 .2… 相似文献
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熊大仁 《广东海洋大学学报》1980,(1):1-5
占地球表面积5亿900万方公里73％的水表面积，只供应了人类1％的食物，而地球上可耕土地不过36亿英亩，却养活了三四十亿的人民，由这个比率来看，海淡水中的生产量，远远不如陆地提供了人类99％的食物。 相似文献
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Marsupenaeusjaponicus Bate is one of the most valuable cultured shrimp species in China and outdoor earthen pond farming is the most common method of culturing this organism. The need to increase soil usage efficiency in aquaculture has been recognized and a great deal of research effort has been directed toward development of super-intensive farming systems. However, current research and development in this field is largely devoted to Litopenaeus vannamei Boone, while to M.japonicus Bate it has been neglected. In this study, a layered fanning system was designed and a 66-day study was conducted in M.japonicus Bate culture. The system comprised bracket and sand layers that divided a shrimp tank filled to a depth of 1.2 m into four water layers. Conventional tank culture （unlayered） was used as a control. The results show that survival rate, feed conversion efficiency and production of M.japonicus Bate in the layered farming system were 68%, 18%, and 0.59 kg/m^2, respectively, all of which are significantly higher than in the unlayered fanning system （P〈0.01）. These findings confirmed the possibility of using a layered system to culture M. japonicus Bate. 相似文献
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采用延绳式、浮筏式、立桩式在外海深水区进行马氏珠母贝［Ｐｉｎｃｔａｄａ ｍ ａｒｔｅｎｓｉｉ （Ｄｕｎｋｅｒ）］人工养殖试验，结果表明：经 １１ 个月的养殖，其成活率分别为延绳式 ５６．３％ ，浮筏式 ３２．８％ ，立桩式２０．８％ ，而同期在港湾浅水区养殖时，其成活率分别为浮筏式 ２８．８％ ，立桩式 １８．５％ 。而且外海深水区养殖马氏珠母贝生长快，个体大，体质强，病害少，附着物少。此外，外海深水区延绳式养殖设施抗风浪能力强，是开发利用外海深水区的一种良好方式 相似文献
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ARTIFICIAL PROPAGATION AND BREEDING OF MARINE FISH IN CHINA 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Since the 1990s, artificial propagation and breeding technique of marine fish in China have developed by way of increasing species and fry numbers, with special stress laid on valuable species. Large quantities of artificial fry can meet the needs of both marine cage culture and pond culture for most species. Experimental results obtained by scientists have been put into use in actual production.Fish fry production has entered a period of sustainable development. So far, at least 44 species (21 families) of marine fish have been successfully bred in China. The artificial fry number of large yellow croaker ( Pseudosciaena crocea) exceeded 300 million in 1999. The species whose artificial fry numbers have each surpassed 10 million annually are red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus ), Japanese seabass ( Lateolabrax japonicus), cuneate drum (Nibea miichthioides ), spring spawning red seabream (Pagrosomus major ) and threebanded sweethp ( Plectorhynchus cinctus ). Millions of artificial fry are bred annually in the species of black porgy ( Sparus macrocephalus ), Russell‘ s snapper ( Lutjanus russeUi ), javelin gnmt ( Pomadasys hasta ), miiuy croaker ( Miichthys miiuy) and skewband gnmt ( Hapalogenys nitens ). The fish in the family Sciaenidae are the main species in artificial propagation and breeding. Some problems and prospects on marine fish culture and stock enhancement are also discussed and some proposals for sustainable development are put forward in this article. 相似文献
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鲍是我国重要的增养殖经济贝类，台湾和南方沿海分布与养殖的主要为Haliotis diversicolor，它有平纹九孔H．diversicolor supertexta和粗纹九孔H．diversicolor diversicolor两个亚种，但由于多年的相互引种，目前亚种间已无明显界限。台湾和福建称之为台湾鲍或九孑L（鲍），而广东及其以南沿海常称为杂色鲍。1979年，台湾九孔鲍人工繁殖成功后开始在东北角养殖，随后推广至岛内其他地区，养殖方式从潮间围堰发展到陆地平面及立体网笼式。大陆鲍规模化养殖起始于上世纪80代中后期的大连和山东沿海，养殖种类为当地的皱纹盘鲍H．discus hannai及随后引进的日本盘鲍H．discus discus，以潮间带养殖和沉箱养殖为主。福建东山县上世纪90年代初开始引进台湾的九孔鲍繁养殖技术，并迅速向南推广至广东、海南和广西沿海，直至越南和泰国。据笔者保守估计，目前我国南方大小鲍养殖场超过700家，鼎盛时期成鲍产量（包括台湾）超过7000t，主要杂色鲍养殖区见图l。但1999年春福建东山杂色鲍开始暴发流行性病毒病，至2001年又出现附着幼苗从硅藻膜（板）上大规模脱落死亡症状，此两种流行病迅速蔓延至包括台湾在内的鲍主要养殖区，对正高速发展的我国南方鲍养殖业毁灭性打击，连年的病害肆虐致使大多育苗场和养殖场无以为续，十池九空，损失难以计数。笔者对该养殖业目前的现状进行了概括，追述了流行病学特征，并对以后的发展进行探讨，供同仁提供参考。 相似文献
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Investigation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) at 12 stations in Yantal Sishili Bay in May, August, and November of 1997 and March and May of 1998 showed that DOC concentrations varied from 1.14 mg/L to 5.35 mg/L; that the average values at all staticrLs ineach entise varied from 1.52 mg/L to 2.12 mg/L; that POC concentrafions varied from 0.049 mg/L to 1.411mg/L; and averaged 0.159 mg/L to 0.631 mg/L in each cruise. Horizontal distribution of DOC was influ-enced by factors such as continental input, organism activity, temperature, aquieulture environment, etc. The higher POC concentration occurred along the coast. The vertical distribution of DOC and POC changed obviously in spring and summer, but not obviously in autumn and winter. DOC concentration was highest in summer and POC in spring; both were lowest in winter. The seasonal change of DOC was con-sistent with primary productivity seasonal variation, and that of POC was consistent with ehlorophyll-a sea-sanal variation. The seasonal change trend of the C/N ratio of dissolved organic matter was obvious, but the C/N ratio of particulate organic matter had no such trend. 相似文献
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Characterization of a Mutant of Alteromonas aurantia A18 and Its Application in Mariculture 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mutant J61321 with enhanced siderophore production of Alteromonas aurantia AI8 was obtained after a series of chemical-physical mutageneses. It was found that the antibacterial activity against Vibrio anguillarum W-1 and siderophore production of the mutant were higher than those by the original strain A 18 which had been used in mariculture. The results of the specific assay（Csaky and Arnow methods） of siderophore showed that the sidrophore with hydroxamate group was produced by mutant J61321 and the original strain A 18, respectively, while the siderophore with catechol group was yielded by strain W-1 （Aibrio anguillarum）. Meanwhile, the siderophore yield, antibacterial activity and anti-chelator activity of strain J61321 were higher than those of its parent strain A 18. 相似文献
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我国海水养殖珍珠业存在的问题及对策 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在详细分析我国海水珍珠养殖业存在问题的基础上，提出了统一规划海区，定量、低密度和开展外海深水海区珍珠养殖；加速大型珍珠贝全人工养殖与育珠的研究，丰富养殖品种；建立良种场、实行马氏珠母贝种质复壮；加强技术推广，延长育珠期、提高珍珠质量；抓好珍珠深加工、开拓珍珠产业链；建立龙头企业，带动珍珠业向集约型发展等可持续发展对策。 相似文献
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海水网箱养殖 ,作为一项高投入、高风险、高利润的产业 ,在我国虽然仅有 2 0多 a的发展历史 ,但其发展速度与规模却相当之快。 1 997年全国养殖面积达到 3 69.0 hm2 ,总产量 5 80 5 6t。然而 ,海水网箱养殖业快速发展的同时 ,其对养殖水域生态环境的影响效应越来越引起人们的关注。为了科学评价海水网箱养殖渔场的环境影响状况 ,作者根据近年来对我国主要海水网箱养殖渔场水化学环境、生物环境和表层沉积物环境变化特征的分析 ,初步评价了海水网箱养殖渔场的环境特征。同时 ,从促进和维护海水网箱养殖健康、稳定、可持续发展的角度 ,对制约… 相似文献
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