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1.
Assessment of heavy metal pollution in estuarine surface sediments of Tangxi River in Chaohu Lake Basin 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
A total of 30 surface sediments samples from the estuary wetland of the Tangxi River, Chaohu Lake Basin were obtained and tested. Enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (I_(geo)) as well as multivariate statistical analysis methods including Factor Analysis (FA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were applied for the assessment of heavy metal pollution in surface sediments. The results of EF values show that the pollution of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) occurs in the estuarine sediments, and that zinc (Zn), lead (Pb) and chrome (Cr) may originate from crustal materials or natural weathering process. The mean EF values of the five heavy metals are in the decreasing order: Cu>Cd>Zn>Pb>Cr. Based on the I_(geo) of target heavy metals, the surface sediments collected from the study area can be approximately categorized as unpolluted with Zn, Pb and Cr, and moderately polluted with Cu and Cd. The degree of heavy metal pollution decreases in the order of Cu>Cd>Zn>Pb>Cr. Three groups of pollution factors are presented from FA: Zn-TOC, Cu-Cd and Cr-Pb, which respectively accounte for 27.22%, 25.20% and 21.05% of variance. By means of HCA, a total number of seven groups are distinguished from 30 sampling sites. Results indicate that Cu and Cd are the prior controlled pollutants in the estuarine sediments of the Tangxi River. 相似文献
2.
Aijun WU 《世界地质(英文版)》2008,11(4)
According to "Environmental quality standard for soil" and using As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn elements as evaluation index, the author evaluated soil environmental quality in Xihe area of Shenyang. The results show that the soil in Xihe area is polluted rifely by heavy metal elements. The polluted areas are mainly distributed near the upstreams of Xihe River, Shenxin River and Shenliao irrigation canal. There exist large distinctions among the heavy metal elements to the pollution degree. Cd pollution area is the biggest and the most serious in pollution degree. 相似文献
3.
Aijun WU Liaoning Survey Academy of Geology Mineral Resources Shenyang China 《东北亚地学研究》2008,11(4):209-213
According to ＂Environmental quality standard for soil＂ and using As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn elements as evaluation index, the author evaluated soil environmental quality in Xihe area of Shenyang. The results show that the soil in Xihe area is polluted rifely by heavy metal elements. The polluted areas are mainly distributed near the upstreams of Xihe River, Shenxin River and Shenliao irrigation canal. There exist large distinctions among the heavy metal elements to the pollution degree. Cd pollution area is the biggest and the most serious in pollution degree. 相似文献
4.
Twenty-nine samples of surface sediments from tidal flats in the Northern Shandong Province were collected for grain size, heavy metal(Hg, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cr), and oil pollution analyses. The geoaccumulation index(Igeo) and factor analysis were introduced to evaluate sediment quality and source of contaminants. The mean concentrations of Hg, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, and oil in the surface sediments in the study area are 0.033, 17.756, 19.121, 55.700, 0.291, 59.563, and 14.213 μg g-1, respectively. The heavy metal contamination in the old delta lobe is slightly higher than that in the abandoned delta lobe; however, the opposite was observed for oil pollution. The Igeo results revealed that the overall quality of the surface sediments in the study area is in good condition. The heavy metal pollution levels show a descending order: Cd Hg Cr Cu Zn Pb, Cd being the main pollutant. The contamination level for in the study area is relatively lower than those for China's other tidal flats. Heavy metals are mainly derived from natural sources of rock weathering and erosion, partly influenced by industrial and agricultural discharge. However, oil pollution is mainly from runoff input, motorized fishing boat sewage, and oil exploitation. 相似文献
5.
采取烟台近岸海域150个海底表层沉积物样品进行Hg,Cu,Pb,Zn,Cd,Cr,As,Ni元素分析。结果显示,烟台市近岸海域重金属主要富集在芝罘湾(Cd,Cu)、龙口(As,Cr,Cu)及海阳东部(Ni,Pb)一带,而莱州、招远及牟平近岸海域重金属含量较低。单因子、内梅罗和潜在生态危害指数评价结果显示,研究区88%海域的沉积物达到一类标准,轻污染区主要分布在芝罘岛北部及龙口市西部,龙口、招远及烟台市近岸沉积物潜在风险中等。 相似文献
6.
根据2011年7月浙江舟山西蟹峙海洋倾倒区及邻近海域表层沉积物重金属的监测结果,采用单因子指数法和Hakanson生态危害指数法分析表层沉积物重金属的污染特征,并评价其潜在生态风险。结果表明:沉积物重金属元素Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As含量均符合国家海洋沉积物质量一类标准;重金属元素污染程度由高到低依次为Zn、Cr、Pb、Cu、As、Cd、Hg,其中Cu、Pb、Cd、Hg和As 5种重金属元素为低污染水平,Zn和Cr 2种重金属元素为中等污染程度水平;7种重金属元素单个和综合潜在生态危害程度均为低风险水平,由高到低依次为Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Cu、Cr、Zn。 相似文献
7.
通过对滨州近海海域海底沉积物测试数据及海岸带陆域土壤地球化学分析,对滨州海岸带陆域土壤和海底沉积物中7种重金属(Hg,Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cr,Ni)的空间分布特征进行了研究,并绘制了各指标含量陆海联合分区图。分析结果表明,滨州市海岸带重金属元素含量基本上均低于国标规定的海洋一类沉积物的最高标准,仅有个别元素含量超过一级标准值,表明局部存在一定的重金属污染。从滨州海岸带重金属含量空间分布上来看,除Hg元素外,其余重金属元素含量呈现一定的规律,基本上陆域含量高于海域含量,且大部分元素都呈现出陆域城镇值高,郊区值低的态势。区内化工企业较发达,Ni,Cr属于中度变异区,Cd,Hg,Pb属于高度变异,受人为影响因素较大,考虑区内土壤及海底沉积物重金属富集主要来源于工业"三废"。 相似文献
8.
To determine the pollution levels and potential toxic risks of arsenic(As) and heavy metals(Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd) in water and suspended particulate matter(SPM) in tail reaches(including freshwater reach and low-salinity reach) of the Yellow River as the Flow-Sediment Regulation Project(FSRP) has been carried out for approximately 15 yr, the surface water and SPM were sampled at pre-flood(April) and post-flood seasons(October). Results showed that similar changes of As and metal levels in water and SPM were observed along the tail reaches at pre-flood or post-flood season. Compared to pre-flood season, the levels of As, Cu, Cr and Ni in freshwater reach and the concentrations of Cr and Ni in low-salinity reach rose greatly at post-flood season. The levels of As and metals in SPM of freshwater reach or low-salinity reach at pre-flood season were significantly higher than those at post-flood season(P < 0.01).The pollutions of As and metals in surface water of tail reaches at pre-flood or post-flood season were not serious. The SPM in freshwater reach at pre-flood season were polluted by Cd, As, Cr, Cu and Ni while those in low-salinity reach were polluted by Cd and Cr. The SPM in freshwater reach at post-flood season were polluted by Cd and Pb while those in low-salinity reach were polluted by Cd and Cr.Cd was identified as heavy metal of primary concern at both pre-flood and post-flood seasons. Combined with the existed data reported in present research, this study found that the toxic risk of As and metals in SPM of tail reaches at pre-flood season was higher than that at post-flood season, implying that the implementation of FSRP during flooding season, to a great extent, reduced the toxic risk of these elements. With the long-term implementation of FSRP, the pollution levels of As and metals(particularly for Cd) in SPM of tail reaches might be elevated and the potential toxic risk primarily produced by Cr, Ni and As might be increased if effective measures were not taken in future. 相似文献
9.
The southern sea area of the Huludao City, Liaoning Province might be polluted by heavy metals because it is close to the Jinzhou Bay, one of the heaviest sea area polluted by heavy metals in China. The undisturbed modern sediment core can be used to analyze the accumulation and source of the pollutants using 137 Cs and 210 Pb ex . Thirty-five samples of surface sediment and two core sediments were collected from the southern sea area of Huludao City. The concentrations of copper (Cu), lead (Pb), chrome (Cr), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) in the surface sediments as well as Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, 137 Cs and 210 Pb ex in the core sediments were determined to research the spatial distribution and accumulation characteristics, and to analyze the sources and the potential risks of heavy metals. The results show that the pollution levels of Zn and Hg are serious, and 26 stations are at moderate or heavy ecological risks. The concentrations of the heavy metals increase from east to west, as well as from open sea to offshore marine area. The concentrations of heavy metals are not high in the sediments adjacent to the Jinzhou Bay, and the influence caused by the seawater exchange with the Jinzhou Bay is little. The concentrations of the heavy metals in the core sediments show low-high-low characteristic, and it coincides with the pollution history of Huludao City. The atmospheric deposition of heavy metals from the Huludao Zinc Plant is likely to be the main source of pollution without direct discharge of wastewater. The high concentrations of heavy metals appear on the upper sediment of 20 cm. The shallow sediment with high heavy metal contents might be exposed to surface when it was disturbed by the ocean engineering and big storm surge, then cause risk to the safety of aquaculture and human healthy. 相似文献
10.
The origin,historical variations,and distribution of heavy metals in the Qiongzhou Strait and nearby marine areas 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We analyzed heavy metal concentrations in a number of surface sediments and cores from the Qiongzhou Strait and surrounding marine areas.The areas of high concentrations are primarily outside the eastern mouth of the Qiongzhou Strait and on the west side of the Leizhou Peninsula,whereas the areas of low concentrations are located primarily in the eastern Qiongzhou Strait.The maximum Cd,Pb and Zn concentrations in the samples collected in our study do not exceed the official standards for marine sediments,whereas the concentrations of Cr and Cu slightly exceed the standards.Correlations exist between the concentrations of Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr and Cd,and the concentrations of these metals are positively correlated with the mean particle size(φ value),indicating that the finer sediments have adsorbed greater amounts of heavy metal elements than the coarser sediments.An evaluation of the potential environmental risks demonstrates that certain indices of heavy metal pollution and environmental risks are relatively low and may be assigned low risk levels,thereby indicating that,in terms of heavy metals,the marine sedimentary environment in this region is only mildly impacted.Our analysis of the contaminant origins shows that the heavy metals in this region primarily originate in the Pearl River Estuary and that a small amount of them is derived from local runoff.The elevated heavy metal concentrations from the upper sections of the cores started 130 years ago,which indicats that heavy metals in the surface sediments are primarily due to human activities associated with industrialization. 相似文献
11.
Spatial distribution,sources and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in Shenjia River watershed of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Surface soil/sediment samples were collected from the Water-Level Fluctuation Zone (WLFZ), cultivated land and forest land at 50 different grid points from Shenjia watershed, the Three Gorges Reservoir area in August 2013. The spatial distribution, sources and ecological risk assessment for Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) were analyzed in this study. The results showed all tested metals had similar distribution patterns except Ni and Cr, with areas of high concentrations distributed in the southwest (WLFZ and watershed outlet) of the study area. Ni and Cr, which were highly positively correlated and present in high concentrations, were primarily distributed in the south and middle zones of the study area. Lower concentration areas of all metals were uniformly distributed west of the high-elevation zones and forest land. Factor analysis (FA) and factor analysis-multiple linear regression (FA-MLR) showed that the major sources of Cd were fertilizer and traffic sources, which together accounted for 87% of Cd. As, Zn and Cu levels were primarily supplied by industrial and domestic sources, accounting for 76% of As, 75% of Cu and 67% of Zn. Surface soils/sediments of the study watershed contaminated by Cd represent a high ecological risk, whereas other metals represent low ecological risks. The potential ecological risk index (PERI) analysis indicated that it had a low (wide-range) ecological risk and a moderate (small-range) ecological risk primarily distributed in the outlet of the study watershed. Fertilizers and traffic are the primary sources of Cd pollution, which should be more closely controlled for the purposes of water quality and ecological conservation. 相似文献
12.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2018,(6)
Two red algae, Rhodymenia antarctica and Iridaea cordata(Rhodophyta), were employed to investigate the pollution situation along Fildes Peninsula coastline, King George Island. Ten sites from east and west coastlines were investigated, and the concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, As and Hg were determined. The metal pollution index(MPI) was used to evaluate the overall pollution level represented by the investigated sites and for interregional comparisons. The two algae exhibited different preference to special trace metal. R. antarctica could accumulate more Cd(0.63 mg kg~(-1)) and Hg(0.026 mg kg~(-1)) than I. cordata(Cd 0.34 mgkg~(-1), Hg 0.019 mg kg~(-1)). I. cordata could accumulate more As(15.53 mg kg~(-1)) than R. antarctica(10.11 mg kg~(-1)). There was no significant difference in accumulating Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr between the two algae. R. antarctica could be used to monitor Cd and Hg. I. cordata would be more appropriate for monitoring As. MPI monitored by the two algae were from 1.02 to 2.26(R. antarctica), and 1.03 to 1.25(I. cordata), respectively. Pollution situation of Fildes Peninsula was becoming serious, especially of the east coastline. The objective of this research was to gather the baseline information for trace metals investigation in Antarctic. 相似文献
13.
海岸带处于陆地和海洋的接合部,人类开发活动密集,环境影响因素日趋复杂。选取烟台南部海岸带为研究对象,系统采集686个表层土壤样品对As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,Zn共8个重金属元素含量进行测量,采用多元统计法及地统计法分析了8个重金属元素的来源及分布特征。最后对烟台南部海岸带地区进行了潜在生态风险评价。研究结果表明烟台南部海岸带地区整体污染程度较轻,所有重金属元素含量平均值均未超过国家二级标准。其中Cr,Ni,Cu元素主要来源于成土母质;As,Pb为混合源;Cd,Zn主要来自于工业三废、农业生产。研究区整体处于中低生态风险水平,Cd,Hg元素高生态风险点数量较多,需优先治理。 相似文献
14.
通过对鲁西南煤炭基地若干混堆的煤矸石山周围耕作层土壤的实际调查及分析测试资料,研究了煤矸石堆附近耕作层土壤中重金属污染状况。结果表明,土壤局部已经受到Cd、Ni的污染,但未出现多金属复合污染状况。煤矸石堆附近土壤已经受到采矿等人类活动的影响,其中Cd,Hg的人为影响最大。从8种重金属元素含量随深度的变化曲线形态来看,Hg,Cd 2种元素与Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,As 6种元素曲线形态显示差异性,Hg,Cd元素在土壤中赋存、迁移等应具特殊性,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
15.
人类活动对水环境影响巨大,同时水环境影响着人类的生产生活。采用地质累积指数法及潜在生态危害指数法对武汉市东西湖区主要湖泊表层沉积物重金属情况展开评价发现东西湖主要湖泊表层沉积物平均污染程度处于相对较低水平。地累积指数法评价结果表明,东大湖和金湖中Cd元素处于中度污染水平累积,墨水湖和上金湖中Cd元素为偏中度污染累积水平,其他湖泊沉积物中重金属均处于轻度或无污染水平。潜在生态危害指数法评价结果表明金湖和东大湖沉积物中重金属的潜在风险处于重度生态风险水平,墨水湖、上金湖、下银湖处于中度风险水平,其余湖泊沉积物中重金属的潜在风险均处于低风险水平。主成分分析表明,Hg、Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb可能来自于工业和交通源的排放,而As可能与农药的使用有关。后期金湖、东大湖、墨水湖、上金湖和下银湖的内源污染治理过程中需考虑重金属的生态风险问题。 相似文献
16.
Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Paddy Soils of Yongshuyu Irrigation Area from Songhua River Basin,Northeast China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
There is an increasing concern for potentially hazardous metals pollution, which can threaten crops production and human health. In this study, the spatial distribution and environmental risks of eight heavy metals in surface soil samples collected from the paddy fields in Yongshuyu irrigation area, Northeast China were investigated. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd, Hg and As were 34.6 ± 4.67, 82.8 ± 9.51, 17.3 ± 4.09, 21.2 ± 12.0, 88.6 ± 17.9, 0.18 ± 0.15, 0.22 ± 0.07 and 8.77 ± 2.47 mg/kg, respectively, which were slightly higher than their corresponding background values of Jilin Province, indicating enrichment of these metals in the paddy soils, especially for Ni, Cd and Hg. The spatial distribution of heavy metals was closely correlated with local anthropogenic activities, such as agricultural production, mining and transportation. The hot-spot areas of As and Cd were mainly concentrated in the up-midstream where were associated with agricultural activities. Cr and Cu showed similar spatial distributions with hot-spot areas distributed the whole irrigation area uniformly. Ni was mainly distributed in the downstream where Ni quarries concentrated, while the spatial distribution patterns of Hg was mainly located in the upstream and downstream where the soil was significantly influenced by irrigation and coal mining emission. The spatial distributions of Pb and Zn were mainly concentrated along the highway side. The pollution levels of Yongshuyu irrigation area were estimated through index of geo-accumulation(Igeo), Nemerow integrated pollution index(NIPI) and potential ecological risk index(PERI). The results showed that Cd and Hg were the main pollutants in the study area. Health risk assessment results indicated that children were in higher non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks than adults with the carcinogenic metal of As. Ingestion was the main exposure pathway to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk for both adults and children. Principal component analysis(PCA) indicated that Cr and Cu were mainly from parent materials, while Cd and As were mainly affected by agricultural activities. Pb and Zn were controlled by traffic activities, and the accumulations of Ni and Hg were associated with mining activities. This study would be valuable for preventing heavy metals inputs and safety in rice production of the Songhua river basin. 相似文献
17.
资江是洞庭湖的第二大支流，其中上游锑(Sb)矿采矿冶炼工业发达，给资江下游及洞庭湖区带来了严重的重金属污染风险。以资江河口区为研究区，采集了132个农田土壤样品及7个资江水样，综合采用多种污染评价方法、空间分析、多元统计分析方法对研究区重金属进行了污染评价及来源分析。结果表明，研究区农田土壤重金属平均质量分数表现为Zn>Cr>Ni>Pb>Cu>As>Sb>Cd，旱田土壤重金属平均质量分数除Pb外均高于水田。Sb、As、Cd为主要污染元素，Sb达到了中等污染和中等生态风险的程度，总体处于轻微-中等生态风险程度。资江水体Sb质量浓度较高，平均为10.51 μg/L。Sb主要来源于中上游的锑矿工业，受高锑质量浓度地表水灌溉、垃圾填埋场以及燃煤等人为活动的控制；Cd主要来源于农药化肥、生活垃圾和城镇废水等人为活动；Cr主要来源于成土母质，而Cu、Zn、As、Ni、Pb受成土母质和人为活动的双重控制。 相似文献
18.
以山东省济南市章丘区北部表层土壤中As等8种重金属元素为研究对象,利用多元统计进行重金属来源分析,采用污染负荷指数法及潜在生态危害指数法进行污染评价,结果表明:研究区表层土壤重金属元素含量低于济南市土壤背景值,Cd和Hg元素含量为强度变异,在表层土壤产生一定的富集;不同土地利用类型下重金属元素含量具有差异性。土壤中Cr,Cu,Ni和Zn来源于土壤母质,Cd和Pb元素来源于人类活动,As元素来源复杂。土壤综合污染以轻度污染为主,重金属元素污染程度大小为AsNiPbZnCrCuCdHg。综合潜在生态风险以轻微和中度为主,潜在生态风险强弱程度为HgCdAsCuPbNiCrZn,建议防范Hg和Cd元素污染及生态风险。 相似文献
19.
于2005年8月对湛江港附近海域潮间带的海水、表层沉积物和贝类体内的重金属进行了分析,结果表明:海水中的砷优于海水水质Ⅰ类标准,而汞、铜、锌、铅、镉均有不同程度的污染,其中铜、铅、镉污染较为严重,均劣于海水水质Ⅳ类标准;表层沉积物中砷的含量低于全国海岸带背景值,而汞、铜、锌、铅、镉均高于全国海岸带背景值,其标准指数分别为1.35、1.66、1.50、2.08、3.10,汞、铜略高于海洋沉积物质量标准第一类标准,有轻微污染,砷、锌、铅均低于海洋沉积物质量标准第一类标准,未受污染,而镉略高于海洋沉积物质量标准第二类标准,环境受镉污染。各元素在各站点的分布没有规律性。牡蛎和蛤仔体内各重金属含量均优于海洋生物污染评价标准和人体消费卫生标准,其卫生质量良好。 相似文献
20.
ＷＡＴＥＲＱＵＡＬＩＴＹＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＡＮＤＡＳＳＥＳＳＭＥＮＴＯＦＲＩＶＥＲＳＩＮＪＩＬＩＮＰＲＯＶＩＮＣＥＯＦＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＷａｎｇＪｕｎ（王俊）ＺｈａｏＢａｏｚｈｏｎｇ（赵宝中）（ＤｅｐｏｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ，Ｎ... 相似文献