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1.
前文对湛江港浮游硅藻的种类组成和周年的数量变化已作了论述。本文主要论述从1981年4月至1982年3月湛江港浮游硅藻优势种的初步调查,鉴定结果共有9种。调查水域浮游硅藻优势种年总生物量的周年变化中,大约出现三个高峰期。在9个优势种中,它们生物量的周年变化皆不相同。调查结果表明,湛江港浮游硅藻总生物量的多少是由优势种总生物量的多少决定的。 相似文献
2.
前文对湛江港浮游硅藻的种类组成和周年的数量变化已作了论述。本文主要论述从1981年4月至1982年3月湛江港浮游硅藻优势种的初步调查，鉴定结果共有9种。调查水域浮游硅藻优势种年总生物量的周年变化中，大约出现三个高峰期。在9个优势种中．它们生物量的周年变化皆不相同。调查结果表明，湛江港浮游硅藻总生物量的多少是由优势种总生物量的多少决定的。 相似文献
3.
通过周年取样、种类鉴定和生物量统计分析,对黄海北部大连地区仿刺参养殖池塘浮游植物种类组成的季节演替和生物量周年变化进行了研究。结果表明:该地区仿刺参养殖池塘中浮游藻类组成依次为硅藻门、蓝藻门、绿藻门和甲藻门,硅藻门和绿藻门作为池塘主要优势种全年均有分布;实验池塘浮游藻类年平均生物量为20.91 mg/L,各池塘浮游植物生物量季节变化趋势相同,最大生物量出现于8月初,为46.18 mg/L,最小生物量出现在2月,为2.26 mg/L。分析表明,浮游植物生物量与水温、透明度成极显著的相关性,并受硝酸氮、磷酸盐、硅酸盐及硝酸氮与磷酸盐的交互作用影响。 相似文献
4.
《广东海洋大学学报》2020,(2)
【目的】研究2018年春季福建近海浮游植物群落结构变化。【方法】分别于2018年4月和5月对福建近海进行综合性调查,分析福建近海春季赤潮原因种的演替、浮游植物分布情况和群落结构变化。【结果与结论】2018年4-5月,福建附近海域从中肋骨条藻和东海原甲藻双相赤潮变为东海原甲藻单一赤潮,赤潮数量级10~6～10~7cells/L;赤潮附近海域的浮游植物多样性指数较低;表中层细胞丰度变化差异大,底层丰度变化差异小。浮游植物优势种群由硅藻为主向甲藻为主演替。 相似文献
5.
【目的】研究电厂排水口附近海域周年浮游桡足类群落对脱硫海水受纳海域环境因子的群落响应。【方法】2016年4、7、9、12月分别对湛江自备电厂附近海域的浮游桡足类群落结构及相关环境因子进行了调查。【结果与结论】共鉴定出浮游桡足类41属83种和11类幼体,其中四季种类数为春季27种,夏季31种,秋季47种,冬季43种,分别占浮游动物种类数的18.2%、20.9%、31.9%、29%。种类最多的是大眼剑水蚤属达8种,其次为长腹剑水蚤属7种,唇角水蚤属5种,隆哲水蚤属和歪水蚤属各4种。其中优势种共有8种,无四季优势种,3季都为优势种的有钳形歪水蚤Tortanusforcipatus和太平洋纺锤水蚤Acartiapacifica。浮游桡足类丰度呈现秋季夏季春季冬季的规律,大致符合涨潮丰度增加,落潮丰度减小,远岸丰度低于近岸的规律。Sperman相关性表明,浮游桡足类丰度与夏季pH和温度呈现显著负相关关系,与夏季盐度呈现极显著正相关关系,且温盐是解释夏季浮游桡足类丰度差异的最佳组合。从4个断面分析结果可知,秋季浮游桡足类分布受断面影响显著,秋季断面pH值差异显著。 相似文献
6.
采用丙酮萃取分光光度法、荧光显微计数法、平板计数法分别研究湖光岩玛珥湖5个站位表层水体浮游植物生物量、浮游细菌生物量、可培养细菌数量的周年变化。结果表明,湖光岩玛珥湖浮游植物生物量(以碳C计)和浮游细菌生物量(以C计)、可培养细菌数量周年波动范围分别为84.17~243.64 mg/m3、20.53~43.60 mg/m3、0.10×103~3.63×103 m L-1。三者的周年变化趋势呈规律性同步增减,峰值均出现在3月份,且在5个采样站位间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。与主要生态因子的相关分析显示,浮游植物与浮游细菌生物量均与总氮呈显著正相关(P0.05),而可培养细菌数量与氨氮呈显著正相关(P0.05),与溶解性氮和磷酸盐呈显著负相关(P0.05),但三者与多数调查的生态因子之间相关性无统计学意义(P0.05)。浮游植物的初级生产可能是调控细菌周年变化潜在的主导因素。 相似文献
7.
虾池浮游微藻的种类组成、数量和多样性变动 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
报道了在集约化养虾中应用有益微生物制剂对虾池浮游微藻的影响,分析了整个养虾周期浮游微藻的种类组成、生物量、优势种及多样性指数的周期变化情况。结果表明,早期虾池浮游微藻细胞数量维持在1×103~3×103mL-1的水平,养殖中期开始呈指数增长状态,后期达到顶峰,并维持在70×103~160×103mL-1的水平,生物量比自然海区高。优势种类明显,前期为中肋骨条藻和伏氏海毛藻等硅藻类,后期则为绿球藻和栅列藻等绿藻类,水色及藻相呈良好状态,而不施加芽孢杆菌制剂的对照池则在后期出现较大比例的有害的蓝藻。虾池藻类多样性指数、均匀度指数和种类丰度均呈现前期高后期低的趋势,而优势度指数则相反,呈现前期低后期高的趋势。浮游植物的多样性指数为0.60~3.80,平均为1.88,均匀度指数为0.14~0.83,平均为0.45;种类丰度为0.80~2.46,平均为1.38;优势度指数在0.17~0.85,平均为0.41。多样性指数和均匀度均比粤东海域低,但优势度则甚高。 相似文献
8.
张才学 《广东海洋大学学报》2004,24(6):28-31
以光学显微镜对在湛江港附近海域采集的浮游生物进行观察,初步鉴定出赤潮生物——— 硅藻31种、甲藻10种、蓝藻1种,简要介绍了几种主要的赤潮生物的习性、分布和形成赤潮后对渔 业生产造成的损失。 相似文献
9.
【目的】探讨放养鱼类对乌梁素海水生态的影响。【方法】2017年7月-2018年4月共设置6个采样点,分别对乌梁素海现存水草区与鱼类放养区水体表层浮游植物进行调查分析,并对两区域的营养状态与水质状况进行分析评价。【结果】调查共鉴定出浮游植物8门76属154种,其中现存水草区(142种)多于鱼类放养区(88种),现存水草区浮游植物种属组成为硅藻-绿藻-蓝藻型,鱼类放养区为绿藻-硅藻-蓝藻型。现存水草区平均多样性指数(H′)、丰富度指数(D)分别为4.29、4.23,明显高于鱼类放养区(2.46、2.30)。两区域浮游植物优势种共26种,其中现存水草区(24种)多于鱼类放养区(11种),现存水草区以蓝藻、绿藻、硅藻为主要优势种,而鱼类放养区则以蓝藻为绝对优势种。浮游植物平均密度现存水草区(25.19×106 cell/L)显著低于鱼类放养区(275.79×106 cell/L)(P 0.05),而平均生物量现存水草区(13.34 mg/L)虽低于鱼类放养区(36.20 mg/L),但差异不显著(P 0.05)。研究显示,现存水草区营养状态为中营养-轻度富营养,鱼类放养区为中度富营养-重度富营养;两区域水质均为中度污染到重度污染状态。【结论】与历史数据相比,现存水草区浮游植物群落表现为浮游植物多样性下降、种类小型化、优势种转变为蓝藻为主。与现存水草区相比,鱼类放养区浮游植物群落因放养鲢、鳙的摄食导致浮游植物多样性下降、种类小型化、优势种向可食性差、生长快的群体型蓝藻演替。 相似文献
10.
张才学 《广东海洋大学学报》2004,24(6):28-31
以光学显微镜对在湛江港附近海域采集的浮游生物进行观察，初步鉴定出赤潮生物——硅藻31种、甲藻10种、蓝藻1种，简要介绍了几种主要的赤潮生物的习性、分布和形成赤潮后对渔业生产造成的损失。 相似文献
11.
12.
Shu Yang Xiurong Han Chuansong Zhang Baiye Sun Xiulin Wang Xiaoyong Shi 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(6):926-934
The characteristics of seasonal variation in phytoplankton biomass and dominant species in the Changjiang River Estuary and adjacent seas were discussed based on field investigation data from 1959 to 2009. The field data from 1981 to 2004 showed that the Chlorophyll-a concentration in surface seawater was between 0.4 and 8.5 μg dm-3. The seasonal changes generally presented a bimodal trend, with the biomass peaks occurring in May and August, and Chlorophyll-a concentration was the lowest in winter. Seasonal biomass changes were mainly controlled by temperature and nutrient levels. From the end of autumn to the next early spring, phytoplankton biomass was mainly influenced by temperature, and in other seasons, nutrient level(including the nutrient supply from the terrestrial runoffs) was the major influence factor. Field investigation data from 1959 to 2009 demonstrated that diatoms were the main phytoplankton in this area, and Skeletonema costatum, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis, Thalassinoema nitzschioides, Paralia sulcata, Chaetoceros lorenzianus, Chaetoceros curvisetus, and Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu were common dominant species. The seasonal variations in major dominant phytoplankton species presented the following trends: 1) Skeletonema(mainly S. costatum) was dominant throughout the year; and 2) seasonal succession trends were Coscinodiscus(spring) →Chaetoceros(summer and autumn) → Coscinodiscus(winter). The annual dominance of S. costatum was attributed to its environmental eurytopicity and long standing time in surface waters. The seasonal succession of Coscinodiscus and Chaetoceros was associated with the seasonal variation in water stability and nutrient level in this area. On the other hand, long-term field data also indicated obvious interannual variation of phytoplankton biomass and community structure in the Changjiang River Estuary and adjacent seas: average annual phytoplankton biomass and dinoflagellate proportion both presented increased trends during the 1950 s-2000 s. 相似文献
13.
Diatom assemblages in surface sediments from the South China Sea as environmental indicators 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We studied diatom distribution from 62 samples from the uppermost 1 cm of sediment in the South China Sea (SCS), using grabs or box corers in three cruises between 2001–2007. Fifty six genera, 256 species and their varieties were identified. Dominating species included Coscinodiscus africanus, Coscinodiscus nodulifer, Cyclotella stylorum, Hemidiscus cuneiformis, Melosira sulcata, Nitzschia marina, Roperia tesselata, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Thalassiosira excentrica, and Thalassiothrix longissima. Most surface sediments in the SCS were rich in diatoms, except for a few coarse samples. Average diatom abundance in the study area was 104 607 valve/g. In terms of the abundance, ecology, and spatial distribution, seven diatom zones (Zones 1–7) were recognized. Zone 1 (northern continental shelf) is affected by warm currents, SCS northern branch of the Kuroshio, and northern coastal currents; Zone 2 (northwestern continental shelf) is affected by intense coastal currents; Zone 3 (Xisha Islands sea area) is a bathyal environment with transitional water masses; Zone 4 (sea basin) is a bathyal-to-deep sea with stable and uniform central water masses in a semi-enclosed marginal sea; Zone 5 (Nansha Islands marine area) is a pelagic environment with relatively high surface temperature; Zone 6 (northern Sunda Shelf) is a tropical shelf environment; and Zone 7 (northern Kalimantan Island shelf area) is affected by warm waters from the Indian Ocean and coastal waters. The data indicate that these diatom zones are closely related to topography, hydrodynamics, temperature, nutrients and especially the salinity. Better understanding of the relationship between diatom distribution and the oceanographic factors would help in the reconstruction of the SCS in the past. 相似文献
14.
高州水库(1988)发现的44种轮虫中有8种为优势种。它们是螺形龟甲轮虫、针簇多肢轮虫、圆筒异尾轮虫、奇异巨腕轮虫、裂痕龟纹轮虫、卡顿圆筒异尾轮虫、卵形彩胃轮虫和真翅多肢轮虫。它们中除奇异巨腕轮虫、裂痕龟纹轮虫和真翅多肢轮虫外,其余的种类全年出现。8种的种群密度为46.1个/升。它们的个体数量占轮虫总量的83.8%。一年中以夏、秋密度最高,分别占41.2%和39.6%,而春、冬密度最低,各为10.7%和8.5%。文中还讨论了这八种轮虫各种高峰形成的量适温幅以及它们的分布与水质的关系。 相似文献
15.
We cultured different-sized fractions of dominant phytoplankton species,Skeletonema costatum,Chaetoceros curvisetus,and Thalassiosira nordenski ldii,collected in different sea areas in various seasons,and measured and compared their C,N,P,Si contents.The N content of these species is similar,while the C,P,and Si contents of S.costatum from eutrophic Changjiang (Yangtze River) estuary are higher than those from Jiaozhou Bay (JZB),particularly the content of Si.The C,N,P,and Si contents of cultured phytoplank... 相似文献
16.
Seasonal variations of net-phytoplankton community structure in the southern Yellow Sea 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Yu Gao Zhibing Jiang Jingjing Liu Quanzhen Chen Jiangning Zeng Wei Huang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2013,12(4):557-567
Based on the field survey data of four cruises in 2011, all phytoplankton communities in the southern Yellow Sea (SYS) were investigated for the species composition, dominant species, abundance and diversity indices. A total of 379 species belonging to 9 phyla were identified, of which the most abundant group was Bacillariophyta (60.9%), followed by Pyrrophyta (23.7%) and Haptophyta (6.9%). The seasonal distribution of abundance was: summer (4137.1×103 ind m?3) > spring (3940.4×103 ind m?3) > winter (3010.6×103 ind m?3) > autumn (340.8 ×103 ind m?3), while the horizontal distribution showed a decreasing tendency from inshore to offshore regions. The dominant species of phytoplankton varied in different seasons. The dominant species were Thalassiosira pacifica, Skeletoema spp. and Chaetoceros cinctus in spring, Chaetoceros debbilis, Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus and Chaetoceros curvisetus in summer, Thalassiosira curviseriata, Alexandrium catenella and Ceratium fusus in autumn, Paralia sulcata, Phaeocystis sp. and Bacillaria paradoxa in winter, respectively. In SYS, the group of temperate coastal species was the major ecotype, and the groups of the central SYS species and oceanic species were also important constituents. The average values of Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H’) and Pielou evenness index (J) were 2.37 and 0.65 respectively. The indices H’ and J in the open sea were higher than those in coastal waters. Obvious co-variation tendencies between H’ and J were observed in all but the summer cruise of this survey. 相似文献
17.
在不同饵料条件下,对双齿许水蚤(Schmackeria dubin)的清滤率(mL.只-1.h-1)、滤食率(细胞.只-1.h-1)和摄食率(mg.只-1.h-1)进行了测定。结果表明:以湛江等鞭金藻(Isochrysis zhanjiangensis)为饵料,其浓度为15×104～120×104 mL-1时,双齿许水蚤的摄食率达到较大;分别饲以同生物量的牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros müelleri)、亚心形扁藻(Platymonas subcordiformis)、湛江等鞭金藻、小球藻(Chlorella sp.)时,饵料为角毛藻和扁藻时双齿许水蚤的摄食率达到较大;饲以同生物量的牟氏角毛藻、亚心形扁藻、湛江等鞭金藻、小球藻、颤藻(Oscillatoria sp.)、小环藻(Cyclotella sp.)六种藻的混合饵料时,双齿许水蚤对湛江等鞭金藻的摄食率和选食率均为最大,分别为0.0458 mg.只-1.h-1和17.1%。可见,饵料浓度、饵料种类、混合饵料对双齿许水蚤的清滤率和摄食率均有显著影响(P<0.05)。 相似文献
18.
在凡纳滨对虾((Litopenaeus vannamei)育苗水体中引入不同浓度的牟氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros muelleri),检测主要水质因子,测定凡纳滨对虾对主要环境因子抗逆性,研究微藻对水质和凡纳滨对虾抗逆性的影响。结果表明,不同浓度牟氏角毛藻可明显改善对虾育苗水体的水质,提高幼虾的抗逆性(P<0.05)。牟氏角毛藻浓度为0.6×108～1×108/L时,实验组氨氮含量比对照组降低37.29%～46.32%,亚硝酸氮含量降低48.65%～62.70%,化学耗氧量(COD)值降低9.99%～12.19%;实验组育苗成活率达78.7%～84.0%,对照组育苗成活率46.0%;在氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硫化氢、甲醛抗逆性实验中,实验组幼虾成活率分别为75%～80%、75%、75%～85%、65%～70%,均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。 相似文献
19.
Effect of growth phase on the fatty acid compositions of four species of marine diatoms 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
LIANG Ying and MAI Kangsen The Key Laboratory of Mariculture Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao P.R.China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(2):157-162
The fatty acid compositions of four species of marine diatoms (Chaetoceros gracilis MACC/B13, Cylindrotheca fusiformis MACC/B211, Phaeodactylum tricornutum MACC/B221 and Nitzschia closterium MACC/B222), cultivated at 22 ℃±1 ℃ with the salinity of 28 in f/2 medium and harvested in the exponential growth phase, the early stationary phase and the late stationary phase, were determined. The results showed that growth phase has significant effect on most fatty acid contents in the four species of marine diatoms. The proportions of 16:0 and 16: 1n-7 fatty acids increased while those of 16 :3n-4 and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) decreased with increasing culture age in all species studied. The subtotal of saturated fatty acids (SFA) increased with the increasing culture age in all species with the exception of B13. The subtotal of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) increased while that of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decreased with culture age in the four species of marine diatoms. MUFA reached their lowest value in the exponential growth phase, whereas PUFA reached their highest value in the same phase. 相似文献
20.
We studied the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) supply on Fv/Fm (maximal quantum yield of photosystem II) in the algae Chaetoceros debilis, Dicrateria inornata, Platymonas subcordiformis and Heterosigma akashiwo to determine the sensitivity of Fv/Fm to P-limitation of the four species. Obvious decrease of Fv/Fm value was monitored in periods of P-depletion, the decrease showing different magnitudes among algal species. A more clear decrease of Fv/Fm in Platymonas subcordiformis and Het-erosigma akashiwo was observed, compared with that in Chaetoceros debilis and Dicrateria inornata. After the resupply of P, the index Fv/Fm of the four species all recovered quickly in 24 h. Cell division was maintained and chlorophyll content continued to increase until the end of the experiment in Platymonas subcordiformis and Heterosigma akashiwo, while in Chaetoceros debilis and Dicrateria inornata, the division stopped in the later period when the growth of organisms came into the stationary phase. The most obvious respond of chlorophyll content to P-additions was observed in Het-erosigma akashiwo culture in 24 h. The sensitivity of Fv/Fm to nutrient limitations is different among algal species, and much should be done to improve the application of this index. 相似文献