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快速冷却作用下花岗岩可钻性的研究，对提高干热岩坚硬研磨性地层的钻进效率具有重要意义。以花岗岩为研究对象，对不同温度（室温至６００℃）遇水冷却后的岩样进行了压入硬度试验、摩擦磨损试验和室内微钻试验。试验结果表明:高温与快速冷却对花岗岩的可钻性产生了显著影响，可钻性上升明显；冷却后的岩样压入硬度减小，塑性系数增大，但６００℃的花岗岩仍然处于低塑性阶段；摩擦磨损试验下对磨件胎体与岩样失重量随温度升高逐渐增大，花岗岩的研磨性越来越强；微钻试验下钻进速度加速增大，３００℃前后的上升幅度分别为２２．５％，１１０％，这是岩石力学性质劣化、结构破坏的突出 反 映。试验结果可以为干热岩等中深层地热钻井施工过程中的破岩和钻井技术提供理论指导。 相似文献
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干热岩地热开发中的钻井、储层压裂及热交换等环节均涉及高温岩石冷却的问题,为揭示其中岩石损伤演化规律,基于巴西劈裂试验和声发射技术,研究了不同高温及冷却方式对花岗岩抗拉性质的影响。结果表明:①25~600℃下花岗岩抗拉强度随温度升高而下降,遇水冷却使抗拉强度进-步下降并使其开始大幅下降的温度阈值提前到200,500℃后抗拉强度对遇水冷却更敏感。②荷载达到峰值,声发射累计振铃计数突增,岩样内形成断裂区;受遇水冷却影响,岩样的振铃计数峰值和能量峰值有所下降,间接反映岩石内裂纹更发育,200~300℃时降幅均较大,300℃时和500℃后花岗岩对热处理方式较敏感。③花岗岩破裂面随温度升高由平整向粗糙曲折变化,由脆性向延性转变,遇水冷却促进岩石破裂并促使脆性向延性转变的温度区间提前。研究结果为地热开采中高温岩石的稳定性评价提供理论参考。 相似文献
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针对大场矿区永冻层钻进过程中出现的冻钻、塌孔和钻井液絮凝等特点,结合矿场钻探地质资料,在粗分散抑制性抗低温钻井液体系基础上,利用正交实验法优选出了适宜大场矿区永冻层钻进的配方。配方:1 000 mL水+2% Na2CO3(钠基膨润土的2%)+4% 钠基膨润土+10% NaCl+2% KCl+5% 乙二醇+0.15% Na CMC(高黏)+0.3% LV PAC(低黏)。实验表明该配方在-10℃条件下仍能保持良好的性能,未出现冻结、絮凝等现象;同时,运用DPS软件分析了该钻井液的流体类型,结果表明该钻井液为幂律流体,在低温下该钻井液的非牛顿性增强,流动性能较好。 相似文献
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宋刚 《国土资源科普与文化》2019,(2)
正人的血管如遇堵塞,解决方法之一就是采用下入支架确保血管畅通。在地质钻探孔施工过程中,井眼若遇到类似血管堵塞的复杂地层,造成井眼不畅通时,采用的膨胀波纹管护壁技术就是通过将波纹管下入到事故孔段,待其膨胀后便可将事故孔段隔离开,达到类似于血管下入支架的护壁疏通效果,保持井眼畅通。为了探索地球深部构造、发现地层中岩性特征,常常需要进行地质钻探。简单来说就是在地球表面钻 相似文献
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〗南海珊瑚礁拥有巨大的资源潜力和科研价值,通过西沙群岛琛航岛“琛科一井”的实施,拟摸清南海珊瑚礁大致分层及地质本底。从钻孔基本信息、工程概况、钻进工艺等方面,介绍和探讨了南海珊瑚礁本底调查“琛科一井”的钻探工艺。结果表明:①3套钻具配合扫孔、无固相钻井液配合正循环大泵量工艺异地层洗孔、“水锤效应”震动砂液化等工艺能有效处理泻湖相珊瑚砂层的埋钻事故;②超前钻头和半合管配合使用能确保礁格架地层岩心采取率;③在受钻孔摄像限制不能使用低固相钻井液条件下,不同标准多口径钻孔级配快速穿越后套管封隔是有效的成井方法。研究成果可为类似区域的珊瑚礁取心钻探提供借鉴作用。 相似文献
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YU Dahui Pavel Talalay XU Huiwen CAO Pinlu Mikhail Sysoev HAN Lili HAN Junjie 《世界地质(英文版)》2013,(2):99-105
Deep ice drilling in Polar Regions plays a key role in paleo-climate, microbiological and glaciological researches. For deep ice and subglacial coring the special purpose-built electromechanical cable-suspended drills with bottom-hole circulation are designed and explored. Used at present drilling fluid circulation systems are specified by very high fluid wastes during processing. Measurements in deep drilling projects in Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets showed that 25%-40% of the drilling fluid, pumped into the hole, is retrieved to the surface with cable and drill, and up to 45% of retrieved fluid goes to waste. This leads not only to increasing of the fluid consumption and cost of the project in general but also to severe contamination of air, surface and near-surface snow-firn layers at the drilling site. In order to reduce wastes and environmental impact, it is proposed to modify drilling fluid processing system by avoiding of evaporation and leakages of fluid as far as practicable. Drilling fluid is prepared and pumped into the hole according to predetermined program on semiautomatic mode, and volume and density of blended and pumped into the hole drilling fluid are measured continuously. Components of the drilling fluid are stored and mixed in the special closed containers equipped by pressure relief valves. Separation of drilling fluid from ice cuttings is carried out by two steps: firstly, fluid is separated with hydro extractor and then with thermal separator. To reduce the amount of removed drilling fluid with cable special squeezing collar is installed on the borehole mouth. All these arrangements are able to decrease drilling fluid wastes in many times. 相似文献
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FGC-15D large-diameter DTH air hammer drilling system and its application in offshore rock-socketed pile hole drilling 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Kun YIN Jianming PENG Maosen WANG Zhanjiang ZHOU 《东北亚地学研究》2006,9(2):138-140
In the past two decades,numerous large-diameter rock-socketed piles were constructed in China to support foundations of skyscrapers,great bridges or to retain soil in potential geological hazard areas.However,drilling large-diameter rock-socketed pile holes with conventional drilling method such as rotary drilling or cable tool drilling is time-consuming and the cost is usually very high.In order to drill large-diameter rock-socketed pile holes faster at relatively low cost,the FGC15A large-diameter DTH air hammer drilling system was developed in 1987 and was given the second-class award by Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources in 1991.Since it was innovated the drilling system has been used in more than twenty important and tough projects on land,and wonderful results were acquired.At the same time the large-diameter DTH air hammer drilling system was improved continuously.The FGC15D is the latest version of the technique. 相似文献
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In the past two decades, numerous large-diameter rock-socketed piles were constructed in China to support foundations of skyscrapers, great bridges or to retain soil in potential geological hazard areas. However, drilling large-diameter rock-socketed pile holes with conventional drilling method such as rotary drilling or cable tool drilling is time-consuming and the cost is usually very high. In order to drill large-diameter rock-socketed pile holes faster at relatively low cost, the FGC15A large-diameter DTH air hammer drilling system was developed in 1987 and was given the second-class award by Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources in 1991. Since it was innovated the drilling system has been used in more than twenty important and tough projects on land, and wonderful results were acquired. At the same time the large-diameter DTH air hammer drilling system was improved continuously. The FGC15D is the latest version of the technique. 相似文献
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介绍了岩土工程勘察水上钻探施工平台——"汽油桶筏"的结构、应用原理、特点、适用范围以及在搭建和施工过程中需注意的问题。另外,通过2个钻探施工实例的对比,看出"汽油桶筏"产生良好的经济和社会效益。在理论上证明了"汽油桶筏"的可行性、安全性、实用性和灵活性。笔者认为"汽油桶筏"对于水上钻探项目,简单方便、可操作性强、实用性高,值得推广。 相似文献
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考虑井底水平地应力、钻井流体压力及地层孔隙压力,基于单齿侵入理论推导单齿侵入井底岩石的侵深公式,建立纯滚动锥形齿、楔形齿和滚动、剪切复合运动锥形齿等牙轮钻头的钻速方程.通过实验分析刃尖角、井底液柱压力对单齿侵入深度的影响,以及转速、轴向载荷对微钻头、牙轮钻头机械钻速的影响.结果表明:随着牙齿刃尖角的增大,锥形齿和楔形齿的侵深呈指数递减趋势;随着井底液柱压力的增大,牙齿侵入深度呈指数递减趋势,其中锥形齿降低速率大.在软到中硬地层中,牙齿侵入深度大,冲击侵入、回转剪切复合破岩方式的破岩效率高;在硬度地层中,牙齿侵入深度小,纯滚动冲击侵入破岩效率高.为分析实钻时牙轮钻头的机械钻速提供计算方法. 相似文献
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Air down-the-hole(DTH)hammer drilling has long been recognized to have the potential of drilling faster than conventional rotary drill,especially in some hard rocks such as granite,sandstone,limestone,dolomite,etc.with the same weight on bit(WOB)and rotations per minute(RPM).So,it has been widely used in many drilling fields including mineral resource exploration drilling,oil and gas drilling and geothermal drilling.In order to reduce drilling cost by selecting optimal drilling parameters,rate of penetration(ROP)should be estimated accurately and the effects of different factors on ROP should be analyzed.In this research,ANN model with several multi-layer perception back propagation(BP)networks for predicting ROP of air DTH hammer drilling was developed using controllable parameters such as impact energy,impact frequency,WOB,RPM and bit operating time for the formations with a certain drillability index of rock.Several BP neural networks with the different neurons in hidden layers were developed and compared for selecting optimal architecture of ANN.The effects of the drilling parameters such as impact energy,impacting frequency,WOB,RPM and bit operating time on the ROP of air DTH hammer drilling were investigated by trained ANN.From the analyses,the optimum range of drilling parameters for providing high ROP were determined and analyzed for a formation with a certain drillability index of rock.The methodology proposed in this study can be used in many mathematical problems for optimization of drilling process with air DTH hammer. 相似文献
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波阻抗约束反演技术探测煤厚方法初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
现代化矿井生产技术日新月异,尤其对煤层厚度的探明程度要求越来越高。综合利用地质钻探和测井等资料,与地震资料有机结合而产生的具有高分辨率的新方法,发挥了钻探、测井和地震勘探技术各自的优势,实现了不同技术之间取长补短并提取地震属性参数,通过波阻抗约束反演可获得煤层厚度参数,达到对煤层厚度进行预测的目的。 相似文献
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煤层气L型水平井能够最大限度的沟通煤层微裂隙和裂隙系统,增加井眼在煤层中的波及面积和泄气面积,较定向井能大幅提高单井煤层气产量。在煤层气L型水平井钻井过程中,涉及钻井工艺较繁琐,通过优化井深结构、控制井眼轨迹、合理钻具组合、改进泥浆性能、提升钻井技术等方法,可有效提高了钻进效率,缩短钻进周期,提高工作效率和经济效益。2022年,通过TSJ3000水源钻机在沁水盆地郑庄区块煤层气L型水平井钻探实际应用,以钻井周期20.1d,完井井深2033.94m,钻机月速2991.67m,创造了华北油田煤层气该区块同类型井钻井周期和钻机月速的双记录。 相似文献
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LIUBao-chang SUNYou-hong ZHANGZu-pei 《东北亚地学研究》2004,7(2):200-204
This paper introduced the structure, component and sintering procedure of the Diamond/WC-Co composite insert fabricated by high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) method as well as by hot pressing method. In HPHT method, to avoid breakage and delamination of the diamond layer, two transition layers were added between the most outer diamond layer and the WC-Co body. The transition layers compensate for differences in thermal expansion coefficient and elastic modulus of diamond layer and WC-Co substrate. Thus reduces the residual stress induced by cooling the inserts from sintering temperature to room temperature. In hot pressing method, to decrease sintering temperature so as to protect diamond, an active sintering process which achieved by adding nickel and phosphorus into the starting mixed powder is adopted. To increase the toughness of the inserts to resist breakage, proper amount of rare earth compound, LaNi5 and CeO2, are added into the original mixed powder, too. Laboratory tests indicated that both of the diamond enhanced inserts fabricated by HPHT method and by hot pressing method have relatively high hardness and impact toughness, while their wear resistance is about hundreds of times greater than that of conventional cemented tungsten carbide inserts. The results of field drilling test indicated that the diamond enhanced inserts can meet the demands of rotary percussion drilling. 相似文献
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This paper introduced the structure, component and sintering procedure of the Diamond/WC-Co composite insert fabricated by high pressure and high temper ature (HPHT) method as well as by hot pressing method. In HPHT method, to avoid breakage and delamination of the diamond layer, two transition layers were added between the most outer diamond layer and the WC-Co body. The transition layers compensate for differences in thermal expansion coefficient and elastic modulus of diamond layer and WC-Co substrate. Thus reduces the residual stress induced by cooling the inserts from sintering temperature to room temperature. In hot pressing method, to decrease sintering temperature so as to protect diamond, an active sintering process which achieved by adding nickel and phosphorus into the starting mixed powder is adopted. To increase the toughness of the inserts to resist breakage, proper amount of rare earth compound, LaNi5 and CeO2, are added into the original mixed powder, too. Laboratory tests indicated that both of the diamond enhanced inserts fabricated by HPHT method and by hot pressing method have relatively high hardness and impact toughness, while their wear resistance is about hundreds of times greater than that of conventional cemented tungsten carbide inserts. The results of field drilling test indicated that the diamond enhanced inserts can meet the demands of rotary percussion drilling. 相似文献