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1.
通过第八届世界气象组织阳江国际探空比对,采取同球比对施放方式,选择全球卫星导航测风作为比对标准,对中国目前业务使用的GFE(L)1型二次雷达系统测风能力开展系统性评估。初步评估结果表明,二次雷达测量的风向风速与全球卫星导航测风结果的趋势一致性很好,风速测量准确性与稳定性明显好于风向;二次雷达风速随高度与风速误差略有增加,但差别不大,能保持很高的测量精度;而风向误差以中空最大,低空次之,16km以上高空明显好于其它层次,在风速大于16m/s误差明显减小;但二次雷达测风误差波动较大,稳定性相对较差,特别表现在近地面层与中空,因此未来测风应逐渐向卫星导航测风体制发展,以提高中国高空风探测的水平。  相似文献   

2.
城市风环境是城市微气候研究的一个重要方向,对分析城市热岛效应、空气流通等具有重要意义。本文以郑州市市区为例,使用1971—2018年气象观测数据、2018年建筑分布数据(OSM)和2016年资源三号卫星数据作为数据源,通过运用气象学和GIS技术结合的方法,探究潜在通风廊道,科学量化城市形态对风环境的影响。研究首先借助WindNinja软件,对城市背景风环境进行模拟分析,该计算方法提高了风道定位的精度。然后利用卫星遥感数据制作了数字高程模型(DSM),结合OSM计算下垫面地表粗糙度。进一步借助ArcGIS软件,利用最小成本路径法(LCP)确定城市潜在通风廊道的位置。结果表明:① 郑州市近年来平均风速缓慢下降,平均每10年下降0.26 m/s;全年主导风向东北风进入城市后受城市形态影响在京广铁路线附近以西逐渐转为东北偏东风,其中在京广快速路以东风速较高,在京广快速路以西风速较低;② 金水区西部、中原区、二七区以及管城区的地表粗糙度较高,通风环境较差;金水区东部和惠济区的地表粗糙度较低,通风环境较好;③根据盛行风向模拟的潜在通风廊道,其共同特点是趋向于低粗糙度的地区。  相似文献   

3.
本文提出定时观测整数风资料正确地用于大气稳定度分类的1/2计数修正方案,成都、重庆各十年的统计结果表明:该修正方案的统计结果与国家标准规定的自记风统计结果十分吻合,从而使整数风速能替代自记风速用于大气稳定度统计,而不带来多大误差。  相似文献   

4.
采用VAP(Velocity Azimuth Processing)方法反演多普勒雷达风矢量场,在利用各个距离圈径向速度随方位角分布的廓线推算风向和风速的设计中,要求基数据速度资料中没有明显的脉动.介绍了在多普勒天气雷达风场反演设计中,直接将方格法的速度资料处理过程融入到方格法风场反演的过程中,利用距离方格内保持中尺度特性的特点,不改变原始资料的同时保证风场反演的正确性.  相似文献   

5.
由于气象站点的布设受经济、地形、技术等因素限制,使得某风能资源丰富的无测风区域缺少气象站点数据,无法进行风场模拟。针对这一问题,尝试用NCEP再分析风速数据代替传统的气象站点数据,根据NCEP再分析风速数据的栅格数据特点,提出了一种面向无测风区域的复杂地形风场模拟方法。该风场模拟方法以SRTM DEM数据和NCEP再分析风速数据为数据源,首先通过均值变点分析法获取反映无测风区域地形起伏特点的最佳统计单元,得到无测风区域复杂地形的地形起伏度;然后对Cressman插值方法进行改进,将地形起伏度引入到权重函数中,并根据交叉检验中均方根误差最小原则求解权重函数中参数的最优解;最后将最优解代入权重函数中对风场进行加密。实验结果表明:风场模拟结果与气象站点风速之间的相关系数为0.778 2,模拟风速的变化趋势与实测风速基本一致;风电场选址区主要建设在模拟风速较大的地区,十分符合风电场一般建设在风能资源丰富的地方的特点,间接验证面向无测风区域的复杂地形风场模拟方法是有效的。  相似文献   

6.
为提高风速传感器检定校准的精确性,通过几种途径:计算各检定点测量值偏离均值百分比,分析风速传感器测量数据的一致性,评价检定环境的稳定性和气流均匀性;以3次测量数据平均值作为风速传感器示值进行比对,克服因风杯自身和环境因素对测量结果的影响;对风速传感器测量数据的误差处理,分析3种误差曲线间的趋势关系,找出传感器示值中的异常数据;对传感器测量数据和实际风速数据进行线性拟合,进一步验证传感器示值的精确度。得出拟合曲线斜率为1.0213相关系数达到0.99989。研究表明,通过以上方法综合应用,风速传感器检定校准的精确性得到显著提高。  相似文献   

7.
海洋二号搭载的笔形圆锥扫描微波散射计(HY2-scat)是国内第一个业务化运行的,可提供大量实时海面风场数据的微波传感器。由于Ku波段散射计测风原理和微波传输特性,受到降雨影响的散射计反演风场数据准确度降低。降雨导致的微波传播路径衰减,雨滴对微波直接后向散射导致的回波能量增加和雨滴对海表面毛细波的干扰等综合效应,使得降雨条件下散射计测风风速计算值偏高,风向计算值偏差较大。针对散射计反演风速受降雨影响的特点引入神经网络模型,使用准确度较高的NWP数值预报模式风场数据作为参考,对受降雨影响的HY-2散射计反演L2B级标准风场数据产品进行校正,改进HY-2散射计反演风矢量在降雨条件下的准确度。与受降雨影响的散射计反演风场风速偏差相比较,经过神经网络校正后的风速偏差减小,说明该方法适用于改善受降雨影响的HY-2散射计测风风速精度。  相似文献   

8.
海面风场是海洋学的基本参量,获取海面风场对了解海洋的物理过程以及海洋与大气之间的相互作用至关重要。宽阔的海域面积及复杂的海面状况通常使南海海面上的风场信息很难被及时获取。ENVISAT ASAR是一种全天候全天时监测海面的微波雷达传感器,可实时获取海面风场数据。本文基于已有ASAR数据对南海海面风场进行反演实验,首先将结合高斯曲线拟合的FFT风向反演方法应用于南海风向反演,并参考Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform(CCMP)风场数据去除180o方向模糊获得海面风向。然后,将高斯曲线拟合-FFT风向与传统的峰值-FFT风向进行对比,最后将准确率较高的高斯曲线拟合-FFT风向分别输入CMOD4模型和CMOD5模型获得海面风速大小。实验结果与CCMP参考数据的比较结果表明,在风条纹不明显的情况下,利用结合高斯曲线的FFT风向反演方法和CMOD4模型风速反演方法可有效地进行南海海面风场反演。该成果对利用SAR数据实时获取南海大面积海面风场信息,尤其是观测点缺乏海域的风场信息,具有重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

9.
对国家标准HJ/T2.2-93大气稳定度分级中整数风速使用问题,日、夜分界问题及太阳倾角取值问题进行了综合研究。大量统计结果指出,整数风速不能直接按标准中稳定度等级规定的风速分级带入,而应以1/2计数法代入分级;日、夜分界应以日出后1小时与日落前1小时为界,太阳倾角每10日取一概略值已十分精确。  相似文献   

10.
利用大容山自动观测站2004年8月~2006年7月气象观测资料和容县气象站1958~2006年7月测风资料,对大容山的风能资源各参数进行了详细计算和分析,并结合预选风电场的地形地貌、交通运输、联网条件、环境保护等状况对大容山风能资源开发利用进行了可行性分析评价.结果表明:大容山年平均风速为7.2m/s,年平均风功率密度为390.8W/m^2,其风能资源丰富,且交通运输、联网、工程地质等条件较好,可选择在坡度较小的山头或山腰建设风电场,预选风电场可布置750kW的风机45台,总装机容量约为34MW.  相似文献   

11.
基于空间插值的风场模拟方法比较分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
计算流体动力学方法是目前风场空间格局模拟的主要方法之一,该方法由于受到软硬件局限,多应用于小尺度的风场模拟及分析。该方法精确程度极大地依赖于3D建模的精细程度和迭代计算模型的准确程度,与现实风场的发育过程存在明显差异。而随着物联网技术的发展,我们可通过大量的现场传感器进行风场数据的实时采集,为风场动态实时化模拟提供精确的参数。为了确定风场动态实时化模拟的最佳方法,本文以中国科学院城市环境研究所园区内32个风场传感器的月平均风速数据为研究案例,综合分析了反距离权重插值、全局多项式插值、局域多项式插值、径向基函数插值、最近邻域法插值、普通克里格插值6种空间插值方法,并采用交叉验证的方法对插值结果进行比较。结果表明,反距离权重插值在模拟的误差范围、模拟的准确度、反映极值的能力上优于其他5种方法,为1:500尺度的风场空间格局模拟提供了参考。  相似文献   

12.
Comparison of two wind algorithms of ENVISAT ASAR at high wind   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Two wind algorithms of ENVISAT advanced synthetic aperture radar (ASAR), i. e. CMOD4 model from the European Space Agency (ESA) and CMOD IFR2 model from Quilfen et al., are compared in this paper. The wind direction is estimated from orientation of low and linear signatures in the ASAR imagery. The wind direction has inherently a 180° ambiguity since only a single ASAR image is used. The 180° ambiguity is eliminated by using the buoy data from the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) buoys moored in the Pacific. Wind speed is obtained with the two wind algorithms using both estimated wind direction and normalized radar cross section (NRCS). The retrieved wind results agree well with the data from Quikscat. The root mean square error (RMSE) of wind direction is 2.80? The RMSEs of wind speed from CMOD4 model and CMOD_IFR2 model are 1.09 m/s and 0.60 m/s, respectively. The results indicate that the CMOD_IFR2 model is slight better than CMOD4 model at high wind.  相似文献   

13.
A Tangential Wind Profile for Simulating Strong Tropical Cyclones with MM5   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
A new tangential wind profile for simulating strong tropical cyclones is put forward and planted into the NCARAFWA tropical cyclone bogussing scheme in MM5. The scheme for the new profile can make full use of the information from routine typhoon reports, including not only the maximum wind, but also the additional information of the wind speeds of 25.7 and 15.4 ms^-1 and their corresponding radii, which are usually provided for strong cyclones. Thus, the new profile can be used to describe the outer structure of cyclones more accurately than by using the earlier scheme of MM5 in which only the maximum wind speed is considered. Numerical experimental forecasts of two strong tropical cyclones are performed to examine the new profile. Results show that by using the new profile the prediction of both cyclones‘ intensity can be obviously improved, but the effects on the track prediction of the two cyclones are different. It seems that the new profile might be more suitable for strong cyclones with shifted tracks. However, the conclusion is drawn from only two typhoon cases, so more cases are needed to evaluate the new profile.  相似文献   

14.
THEANISOTROPYOFLOESSMAGNETICSUSCEPTIBILITYINTHENORTHEASTERNFRINGEOFQINGHAIXIZANGPLATEAUASANINDICATOROFPALAEOWINDDIRECTIONWan...  相似文献   

15.
孟加拉湾风暴暴雨的能量分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
利用MMSV3中尺度数值预报模式对2004年5月18-19日造成云南暴雨过程的孟湾风暴进行了数值模拟,在模拟结果与实况较为一致的基础上,利用辐散风和旋转风动能平衡方程,分析盂湾风暴的能量收支和转换特征,揭示孟加拉湾风暴维持的机制及其与外围暴雨增幅的关系。  相似文献   

16.
The wind system over the seas southeast of Asia (SSEA) plays an important role in China's climate variation. In this paper, ERS scatterometer winds covering the period from January 2000 to December 2000 and the area of 2-41 °N, 105- 130°E were analyzed with a distance-weighting interpolation method and the monthly mean distribution of the sea surface wind speed were given. The seasonal characteristics of winds in the SSEA were analyzed. Based on WAVEWATCH Ⅲ model, distribution of significant wave height was calculated.  相似文献   

17.
WIND WAVES SIMULATION IN THE NORTH AREA OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
A third generation wave model was developed to simulate wind waves in the South China Sea near Hong Kong. The model solves the energy conservation equation of the two dimensional wave spectrum by directly computing the nonlinear energy interaction among waves of different frequencies, thus avoiding the imposition of restrictions on the shape of the predicted spectra. The use of an upwind difference scheme in the advective terms produces an artificial diffusion which partly compensates the dispersive effect due to the phase velocity differences among various wave components. The use of a semi-implicit scheme for the source terms together with a special treatment of the high frequency tail of the spectrum allows a large time integration step. Verification of the model was done for wave hindcasting studies under conditions of two typhoons and two cold fronts in the north part of the South China Sea near Hong Kong . The model results agree well with the field measurements except that the presence of a dista  相似文献   

18.
Constructing an industrial system for a large-scale,non-grid-connected wind power industry is a key step towards the diverse utilization of wind power.However,wind power exploitation is not only a technical challenge but an industrial problem as well.The objective of this study is to introduce a concept of large-scale,non-grid-connected wind power(LSNGCWP) industrial zones and establish an evaluation model to assess their industrial arrangement.The data of wind energy,industry,nature resources and socio-economy were collected in this study.Using spatial overlay analysis of geographic information system,this study proposes a spatial arrangement of the LSNGCWP indus-trial zones in the coastal areas of China,which could be summarized as the ’one line and three circles’ structure,which will contribute to the optimization of the industrial structure,advance the wind power technology,coordinate the multi-industrial cooperation,and upgrade the industrial transformation of China’s coastal areas.  相似文献   

19.
The oasis-desert ecotone is a fragile ecological zone that is affected both by oasis and desert conditions. To understand the impact of the differences in wind power, and the influence of wind erosion and deposition on the ecotone, meteorological data and con- temporaneous wind erosion and deposition data were collected on the southern margin of Tarim Basin with serious sand-blown hazards. The wind velocity, average wind velocity, sand drift potential (DP), resultant sand drift potential (RDP), and sand transportation rate decrease significantly and successively across four landscape types with increasing vegetation coverage (VC). Flat surfaces and areas of shifting sandy ground experience intense wind erosion with fast movement of mobile sand dunes; semi-fixed sand areas experience ex- tensive wind deposition but only slight wind erosion; and fixed sand areas experience only slight wind erosion and deposition. Volume of wind erosion on bare newly reclaimed farmland is up to 6.96 times that of bare shifting sandy ground. Wind erosion volume per unit area and VC follow an exponential function relationship in natural conditions, while wind deposition volume per unit area does not conform to any functions which has close relationship with vary topography and arrangement patterns of vegetation besides for VC. The results indicate that the volume of wind erosion has a close correlation with VC, and different types and distribution patterns of topog- raphy and vegetation also profoundly influence the wind deposition volume in the field, and underground water tables in different land- scape types control the plant community distribution. Keywords: wind erosion; wind deposition; oasis-desert ecotone; vegetation coverage (VC); topography; Cele County  相似文献   

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