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1.
以山东省济南市章丘区北部表层土壤中As等8种重金属元素为研究对象,利用多元统计进行重金属来源分析,采用污染负荷指数法及潜在生态危害指数法进行污染评价,结果表明:研究区表层土壤重金属元素含量低于济南市土壤背景值,Cd和Hg元素含量为强度变异,在表层土壤产生一定的富集;不同土地利用类型下重金属元素含量具有差异性。土壤中Cr,Cu,Ni和Zn来源于土壤母质,Cd和Pb元素来源于人类活动,As元素来源复杂。土壤综合污染以轻度污染为主,重金属元素污染程度大小为AsNiPbZnCrCuCdHg。综合潜在生态风险以轻微和中度为主,潜在生态风险强弱程度为HgCdAsCuPbNiCrZn,建议防范Hg和Cd元素污染及生态风险。 相似文献
2.
近年来,随着烟台东部高新技术海洋经济新区的快速发展,城市地表土壤重金属污染状况愈渐严重,以烟台东部高新技术海洋经济新区范围作为研究区,在地表深度1 m以内的表土(0~20 cm)和心土(20~40 cm),取土壤样205件进行分析测试,采用单项污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法,对研究区进行了地表土壤重金属污染评价,7种重金属元素单项污染程度依次为PbCuCdHgCrNiAs;根据内梅罗综合污染指数法评价研究区土壤环境质量,认为整体较好,大部分属于清洁区和尚清洁区;区内地表土壤重金属污染主要分布于芝罘区、莱山区西北以及解甲庄镇西南工业集中地区,其中Pb,Cu,Cd,Hg 4种元素为造成研究区地表土壤重金属元素污染的主要污染元素,Ni,Cr为造成区内地表重金属污染的次要因素,As未发现污染,与重金属元素单项污染程度相呼应。 相似文献
3.
通过对青岛城区土壤进行调查取样,运用单因子评价和内梅罗指数法对青岛表层土壤8种重金属元素(As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Hg,Pb和Zn)的测试结果进行评价,查明了土壤环境质量现状及其污染程度:青岛市土壤环境质量总体较高,绝大部分地区土壤环境保持在清洁水平;污染区域以孤岛状零星分布于青岛市内,区内胶州湾入海口污染指数偏高,很可能是由于河流上游污水排放导致的。通过对未来20年城区土壤在大气降尘影响下重金属Cd,Zn的累积情况进行了预测,结果表明:随着时间的推移,土壤有害元素含量会有所增高。其中,大气降尘中Zn元素对青岛市区土壤影响明显。该研究对于正确认识青岛区域地球化学特征和地质环境具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
4.
通过对桓台县域内表层土壤开展1∶5万土地质量地球化学调查与评价工作,统计了表层土壤地球化学参数,厘定了桓台县土壤地球化学背景值,并与山东省、淄博市元素平均值进行对比,发现土壤元素中Se、有机质、N,Zn,P,Hg,Cd,V,F,I含量明显偏高于山东省土壤均值;土壤元素中Se,I,P,N,Hg,Cd含量明显偏高于淄博市土壤均值;Se元素高于淄博市土壤均值。对表层土壤进行聚类分析和因子分析,根据聚类分析分组结果和各因子得分空间分布特征情况,结合研究区内土壤类型、地形地貌、土地利用方式的不同,综合考虑影响元素含量的各种因素,将研究区表层土壤分为5个地球化学分区,各分区元素组合特征不同。研究结果表明:土壤元素分布特征主要受控于地质背景,人类活动对土壤元素含量产生一定程度的影响。 相似文献
5.
通过对滨州近海海域海底沉积物测试数据及海岸带陆域土壤地球化学分析,对滨州海岸带陆域土壤和海底沉积物中7种重金属(Hg,Cd,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cr,Ni)的空间分布特征进行了研究,并绘制了各指标含量陆海联合分区图。分析结果表明,滨州市海岸带重金属元素含量基本上均低于国标规定的海洋一类沉积物的最高标准,仅有个别元素含量超过一级标准值,表明局部存在一定的重金属污染。从滨州海岸带重金属含量空间分布上来看,除Hg元素外,其余重金属元素含量呈现一定的规律,基本上陆域含量高于海域含量,且大部分元素都呈现出陆域城镇值高,郊区值低的态势。区内化工企业较发达,Ni,Cr属于中度变异区,Cd,Hg,Pb属于高度变异,受人为影响因素较大,考虑区内土壤及海底沉积物重金属富集主要来源于工业"三废"。 相似文献
6.
研究长江经济带矿区土壤重金属污染特征,是完善长江经济带矿区环境保护措施的前提.在收集２０００ 年以来有关长江经济带矿区土壤重金属污染特征资料的基础上,统计分析了矿区土壤重金属元素含量,并分区评 价了污染特征.结果表明:从地区来看,长江经济带的 As,Cr,Ni,Zn,Cd平均含量以中游地区最高,Cu,Pb,Hg平 均含量以上游地区最高.从元素来看,Cd,Hg是长江经济带矿区土壤重金属元素污染的主要元素,上游地区２种 元素的地累积指数 平 均 值 分 别 为 ６．３２ 和 ７．０４;中 游 地 区 分 别 为 １６．９３,－１４．１９;下 游 地 区 分 别 为 －１８．４１ 和 －１０５．２３.从分布来看,w(Cd)均值大于１．５mg/kg的矿区均匀分布在长江经济带内,w(Hg)均值大于２mg/kg 的矿区分布在长江中、上游地区.为今后长江经济带矿区土壤重金属元素污染预防和治理制定了健康风险评估、 开展农产品安全研究、合理调控开发总量的策略. 相似文献
7.
海岸带处于陆地和海洋的接合部,人类开发活动密集,环境影响因素日趋复杂。选取烟台南部海岸带为研究对象,系统采集686个表层土壤样品对As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb,Zn共8个重金属元素含量进行测量,采用多元统计法及地统计法分析了8个重金属元素的来源及分布特征。最后对烟台南部海岸带地区进行了潜在生态风险评价。研究结果表明烟台南部海岸带地区整体污染程度较轻,所有重金属元素含量平均值均未超过国家二级标准。其中Cr,Ni,Cu元素主要来源于成土母质;As,Pb为混合源;Cd,Zn主要来自于工业三废、农业生产。研究区整体处于中低生态风险水平,Cd,Hg元素高生态风险点数量较多,需优先治理。 相似文献
8.
贵港城区土壤重金属的空间分布特征及来源解析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
文章在对贵港市城区土壤进行系统采样分析,测定了表层土壤中Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr、Pb、Cd、As和Hg含量的基础上,利用GIS技术和多元地统计结合的方法,研究了上述8种重金属的空间分布特征和来源。.结果表明:8种重金属元素含量平均值均高于玉林地区土壤背景值,As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn分别是背景值的2.7、21.5、2.7、2.4、2.5、3.3、1.9和4.3倍,说明随着贵港城市化进程的快速发展,土壤中重金属呈现积累趋势。贵港城区土壤中8种重金属元素来源被分成3个类别,即农业交通源因子类别(Cd、Zn)、自然因子类别(Cr、Ni)和燃煤因子类别(As)。Pb、Cu和Hg的来源受3个因子的控制。 相似文献
9.
文章采用Ti元素标准化法确定农耕土壤元素As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn的地球化学基线值,并以此为参比值,计算重金属元素的潜在生态风险指数(Er)。其结果显示,贵港市覃塘区的土壤重金属环境质量优良,土壤元素Hg、Cd是潜在中等生态危害风险的主因子,其他元素均为低生态风险。 相似文献
10.
通过系统生态地球化学调查与评价,在山东日照地区共采集了5 323个表层土壤样品,获取了表层土壤重金属元素地球化学分析数据。以表层土壤As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn等8种重金属元素为研究对象,按照《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618—1995),采用单因子指数和综合评价指数对土壤环境质量进行评价。土壤单因子环境质量评价结果表明:As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn等8种元素Ⅰ类土壤的面积比例分别为100.00%、98.21%、94.14%、98.10%、99.90%、89.18%、96.61%和98.37%,说明山东日照地区土壤环境质量良好;土壤单因子环境质量平均达到Ⅰ类土壤的占调查区土壤总面积的96.81%,Ⅱ类土壤占3.17%,Ⅲ类土壤仅占0.02%。表层土壤重金属元素污染综合评价结果表明:表层土壤环境质量属于Ⅰ类土壤(清洁—较清洁)的占调查区土壤总面积的86.39%,属于Ⅱ类土壤(轻度污染)的占13.55%,属于Ⅲ类土壤(中度污染)的占0.06%,说明山东日照地区表层土壤重金属综合污染很少,土壤环境质量总体状况良好。土壤重金属元素综合指标评价结果显示,未富集区面积累计占区域总面积的5.50%,弱富集区占38.63%,中度富集区占53.27%,重度富集区占2.60%,说明区域表层土壤中污染物已有积累趋势,虽未达到有害程度,亦应引起重视。 相似文献
11.
通过对鲁西南煤炭基地若干混堆的煤矸石山周围耕作层土壤的实际调查及分析测试资料,研究了煤矸石堆附近耕作层土壤中重金属污染状况。结果表明,土壤局部已经受到Cd、Ni的污染,但未出现多金属复合污染状况。煤矸石堆附近土壤已经受到采矿等人类活动的影响,其中Cd,Hg的人为影响最大。从8种重金属元素含量随深度的变化曲线形态来看,Hg,Cd 2种元素与Cr,Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,As 6种元素曲线形态显示差异性,Hg,Cd元素在土壤中赋存、迁移等应具特殊性,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
12.
Spatial Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Paddy Soils of Yongshuyu Irrigation Area from Songhua River Basin,Northeast China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
There is an increasing concern for potentially hazardous metals pollution, which can threaten crops production and human health. In this study, the spatial distribution and environmental risks of eight heavy metals in surface soil samples collected from the paddy fields in Yongshuyu irrigation area, Northeast China were investigated. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd, Hg and As were 34.6 ± 4.67, 82.8 ± 9.51, 17.3 ± 4.09, 21.2 ± 12.0, 88.6 ± 17.9, 0.18 ± 0.15, 0.22 ± 0.07 and 8.77 ± 2.47 mg/kg, respectively, which were slightly higher than their corresponding background values of Jilin Province, indicating enrichment of these metals in the paddy soils, especially for Ni, Cd and Hg. The spatial distribution of heavy metals was closely correlated with local anthropogenic activities, such as agricultural production, mining and transportation. The hot-spot areas of As and Cd were mainly concentrated in the up-midstream where were associated with agricultural activities. Cr and Cu showed similar spatial distributions with hot-spot areas distributed the whole irrigation area uniformly. Ni was mainly distributed in the downstream where Ni quarries concentrated, while the spatial distribution patterns of Hg was mainly located in the upstream and downstream where the soil was significantly influenced by irrigation and coal mining emission. The spatial distributions of Pb and Zn were mainly concentrated along the highway side. The pollution levels of Yongshuyu irrigation area were estimated through index of geo-accumulation(Igeo), Nemerow integrated pollution index(NIPI) and potential ecological risk index(PERI). The results showed that Cd and Hg were the main pollutants in the study area. Health risk assessment results indicated that children were in higher non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks than adults with the carcinogenic metal of As. Ingestion was the main exposure pathway to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk for both adults and children. Principal component analysis(PCA) indicated that Cr and Cu were mainly from parent materials, while Cd and As were mainly affected by agricultural activities. Pb and Zn were controlled by traffic activities, and the accumulations of Ni and Hg were associated with mining activities. This study would be valuable for preventing heavy metals inputs and safety in rice production of the Songhua river basin. 相似文献
13.
According to the historical changes of coastal lines, seven soil sampling districts, from land to sea, were arranged in Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province to sample soils from surface and profile. Concentrations of seven major heavy metals （HMs）, granularity, pH, organic matters and C/N of the soil samples were analyzed. Results show that concentrations of heavy metals in agricultural land present a certain spatial variance, decreasing from land to sea. Pollution assessment indicates that the agricultural soils were not polluted by HMs, but the potential pollution of Cu and Hg needs to be alerted. Different HMs accumulate in the surface and sub-surface of the soil profiles, and concentrations of Hg and Pb decrease significantly with the increment of soil depth. Concentrations of HMs exhibit a significantly negative correlation to pH, but have no significant relation with organic matters in soil. Principle component analysis show that the concentrations of HMs relate to the land use history. Concentrations of Hg, Ni and Cr in soil are closely related with land use history, and concentrations of Pb, Cu and Cr are affected by land use history as well as other factors. However, there is no significant relation between concentration of As and land use history. 相似文献
14.
在日照市开展多目标区域地球化学调查，获取了表层土壤和深层土壤地球化学数据，通过对获得的地球化学参数进行统计分析，确定了日照市土壤地球化学基准值和背景值，认为日照市除部分元素或指标外，大部分元素或指标土壤地球化学基准值和背景值与全省土壤地球化学基准值和背景值接近。研究发现，日照市As，Cd，Cr，Cu，Hg，Ni，Pb，Zn等8种重金属元素背景值含量低于国家土壤环境质量标准的土壤一级标准限值，日照市土壤质量基本保持自然背景水平；而受工业化生产和城市化建设等后期人为活动影响，日照市表层土壤中Cd，C，Hg，N，P，S，Se，Corg等元素或指标出现明显富集，应引起重视。 相似文献
15.
Aijun WU 《世界地质(英文版)》2008,11(4)
According to "Environmental quality standard for soil" and using As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn elements as evaluation index, the author evaluated soil environmental quality in Xihe area of Shenyang. The results show that the soil in Xihe area is polluted rifely by heavy metal elements. The polluted areas are mainly distributed near the upstreams of Xihe River, Shenxin River and Shenliao irrigation canal. There exist large distinctions among the heavy metal elements to the pollution degree. Cd pollution area is the biggest and the most serious in pollution degree. 相似文献
16.
Aijun WU Liaoning Survey Academy of Geology Mineral Resources Shenyang China 《东北亚地学研究》2008,11(4):209-213
According to ＂Environmental quality standard for soil＂ and using As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn elements as evaluation index, the author evaluated soil environmental quality in Xihe area of Shenyang. The results show that the soil in Xihe area is polluted rifely by heavy metal elements. The polluted areas are mainly distributed near the upstreams of Xihe River, Shenxin River and Shenliao irrigation canal. There exist large distinctions among the heavy metal elements to the pollution degree. Cd pollution area is the biggest and the most serious in pollution degree. 相似文献
17.
山东省曹县地区土壤地球化学调查是按浅层土壤样品1点/4 km~2,深层土壤样品1点/16 km~2。测试N,P,K,Cu,Zn,B,Mo,Mn,F,As,Hg,Pb,Cr,Cd等14种指标。在统计这些指标的表层、深层土壤地球化学特征参数的基础上,对其与世界、全省同类参数的差异进行了分析,并分析了区内表层、深层土壤元素含量的相关性,认为该区表层土壤元素含量的显著特征是高F而低P,Zn,Mo。大部分元素在表层土壤中的含量继承了土壤母质的成分特征,但N,P,F,Hg等受人为活动和污染源的作用在表层土壤中明显富集。 相似文献