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1.
针对传统InSAR技术在监测地表形变时受对流层延迟影响的问题,利用地面实测气象参数和NCEP气象再分析资料建立大气校正模型,对生成的鄞州区干涉图进行对流层延迟校正,获取鄞州区2018~2020年高精度地表形变分布。为分析不同大气校正模型对对流层延迟效应的削弱效果,将监测结果与同期实测水准数据作对比。结果发现,地面气象信息模型、NCEP气象再分析资料模型和未加大气校正的InSAR监测结果的均方根误差RMSE分别为2.78 mm、3.86 mm、5.62 mm,表明利用地面气象信息模型校正大气相位误差具有更高的监测精度,能有效削弱对流层延迟对干涉测量结果的影响。  相似文献   

2.
气象观测资料质量对气象及相关领域的研究具有重要影响,气象观测资料质量控制的重要性已经被所有使用气象资料的科学家所公认。主要根据近些年来国内外关于地面气象要素质量控制方法的相关研究,简要介绍了中国在逐步实现自动化观测的基础上取得的一些成果。  相似文献   

3.
利用长三角地区多个探空站气象资料、GNSS观测数据和GPT3模型,以探空资料的大气可降水量(PWV)为参考值,评估GPT3模型、两种地面气象资料法和GNSS等4种方法计算的PWV精度、可靠性和时效性.结果表明,GPT3模型可实时获取PWV,但精度较低;GNSS-PWV精度最高,但需要实测气象参数,会限制其应用范围;两种...  相似文献   

4.
中国对地观测遥感卫星辐射校正场(即敦煌场)位于中国敦煌市西戈壁沙漠的西北角。整个敦煌场地面比较均匀、平坦,面积为30×40km2;测试区(标定区)面积为400×400m2,位于场区的中心位置。2000年8月底至9月初,中国资源卫星应用中心联合安徽光机所在敦煌场地进行了一次CBERS-1CCD传感器飞行绝对辐射标定试验。地表反射率和大气光学特性地面同步测量结果显示:敦煌场地的地面均匀性好,各个通道反射率的变化系数(即相对变化百分比)均小于3%。在可见光、近红外光谱范围内,地面光谱反射率随波长增加逐步增大,例如,在485nm波长处的地面反射率值约为0.18,在830nm波长处的反射率值约为0.26。大气光学特性测量结果显示:0.55μm波长处的大气总光学厚度(≈0.34)和气溶胶光学厚度(≈0.26)相对较小,大气水汽含量也较小。  相似文献   

5.
CBERS-02星CCD波段平均太阳辐照度反演及应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
卫星图像波段平均太阳辐照度是计算表观反射率的重要参数。本文采用两种方法对CBERS-02星CCD波段平均太阳辐照度进行了计算,一种方法是利用大气辐射传输软件SBDART模拟大气顶部的太阳光谱曲线,结合CBERS-02星CCD波段响应曲线,计算1~4波段的平均太阳辐照度;另一种方法是用6S模型对波段平均太阳辐照度进行计算。为验证计算结果,用同样的方法,计算了LandsatTM5和ETM的波段平均太阳辐照度,与Landsat公布的数据进行对比,结果表明,用模拟的太阳光谱曲线的计算结果更准确。以2005年8月24日的一景图像为例,计算了图像的表观反射率,经6S模型大气校正后,反演了地表反射率,与地面实测的地表反射率进行了对比,除第四波段误差为4%外,其余1~3波段误差仅为0.01%。  相似文献   

6.
利用ECMWF再分析地表资料,结合GPT2w模型提供的水汽递减率和温度递减率计算中国区域对流层延迟值的精度。首先,以中国地区75个探空站2015年地表实测气象参数为参考值,利用ECMWF地表资料得到的气象参数(P,T,e)的精度分别为1.76 hPa、1.96 K、1.98 hPa。然后,以相同测站2010~2015年探空站分层数据算得的ZTD为参考值,对ECMWF地表资料计算的ZTD的精度进行分析,并与利用探空仪地面观测数据为输入参数计算的ZTD的精度进行对比。结果显示,利用ECMWF地表资料计算的ZTD的平均bias为0.07 cm,平均RMS为3.72 cm,在低纬度地区优于利用探空仪地面观测数据为输入参数计算的ZTD的结果。以陆态网237个GNSS测站2015年的ZTD作为参考值,比对利用ECMWF地表资料计算的ZTD的精度,结果为3.41 cm。由此可知,ECMWF地面资料计算的ZTD的精度能满足普通用户对流层延迟的计算需求,可用于缺少气象参数的测站进行对流层延迟值的计算及其他相关应用。  相似文献   

7.
我国在1985年首次南极综合考察期间,气象工作者在长城站进行了地面气象要素、高空风、辐射、卫星云图接收、雷达回波分析、大气化学成份和气溶胶采样分析等综合性观测和分析。所获资料虽然最长仅一年,但这是我国气象工作者第一次获得由我们搜集到的第一手的南极气象情报,来之不易,极为宝贵。经气象考察人员的初步分析和研究,已撰写了内容包括:“南极地区天气和水文分析预报”“气象要素变化特征”“大气结构及辐射状况”  相似文献   

8.
美国国家气候资料中心的气象服务对象隶属于美国国家海洋大气局的美国国家气候资料中心为了更好地服务于用户,成立了气象服务组织,成员大多是气象学位获得者,负责用各种方式回答各种各样的气象问题。要求提供信息的人中有三分之一是律师,因为许多法律诉讼案件中需要天...  相似文献   

9.
对常用的3种天顶对流层延迟改正模型(Saastamoninen模型、Hopfield模型和EGNOS模型)进行误差分析,代入气象元素及测站位置误差,得出各模型的ZTD估值受误差影响的程度。使用C++语言实现以上3种模型,选取一系列不同纬度和高程的IGS站,利用IGS分析中心提供的气象文件,结合测站时空信息,导入程序进行模拟计算,并与IGS对流层产品进行比较,对改正模型进行质量评价。结果表明,Saastamoninen模型和Hopfield模型能够较准确地根据地面气象资料反映对流层延迟的日变化,Saastamoninen模型的改正精度略高于Hopfield模型;同时,无需实测气象资料的EGNOS模型RMS小于0.1 m,也可满足GNSS m级定位需求。  相似文献   

10.
利用GPS遥感的可降水量、气象数据、探空数据及降雪资料,分析中国北极黄河站区的可降水量特征,得出可降水量与地面水汽压的转换模型;分析可降水量、露点温度差、水汽压在强降雪天气中的变化特征,研究强降雪天气过程中的探空层结构,有助于利用GPS可降水量预报雨雪天气。  相似文献   

11.
基于背景知识的全球长时间序列反照率反演   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
全球范围时空连续的长时间序列地表反照率,对气候模拟与陆面过程研究具有重要意义。针对现有地表反照率产品普遍存在大量的数据缺失、有效反演比例低和时间序列短的问题,本文以多年MODIS和AVHRR数据,通过构建背景知识库进行高时间分辨率的AVHRR和MODIS数据的BRDF参数反演,实现MODIS与AVHRR数据在像元尺度上的定量融合,生成了全球时空连续长时间序列的地表反照率产品。首先,通过假设不同年份同一时期的地表状态不变,利用多年同一时期的MODIS和AVHRR观测数据构造多角度方向反射率,基于BRDF模型反演得到窄波段反照率;然后,通过宽波-窄波转换,得到MODIS的宽波段反照率;最后,结合AVHRR长时间序列优势及MODIS数据多光谱的特点,对二者进行定量融合,生成具有高度一致性长时间序列地表反照率产品。验证结果表明,本文地表反照率产品在地表异质性较小时与SURFRAD地面实测反照率之间具有非常好的一致性,在无积雪覆盖时与MODIS反照率产品之间吻合良好。本文的地表反照率产品无时空缺失,且时间覆盖率得到了极大的提高,能支持气候模式模拟与陆面过程模型进行近30 a来的地气系统模拟研究。  相似文献   

12.
Sdsealbedoisdefinedasaratioofreflectivesolarradiationtototalacradiation,whichcanindicatetheaborptionandreflectivecapabilityofthe~hforsolarradiation.Itisan~tfactortoinfluencethes~radiationbalance,espeiallyfortheformationandvariationoflocalndcroclirnate.Generally,theactualdatafromo~tionalstationSforrebationareedintheanalysisofsolacealal.HOwever,therepresentativenessOfthedateisIratedduetothescarcityofobservationalstationandunevendistributionofs~condition.Afterthe1960s,theanalysisfors~ealbedoise…  相似文献   

13.
基于随机森林算法的近地表气温遥感反演研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
近地表气温是城市热环境的重要表征,是改变和影响城区气候的重要因素。为获得空间上连续的近地表气温,本文以北京市为研究区,利用Landsat5/TM数据计算分别得到地表温度、归一化植被指数、改进的归一化差异水体指数、地表反照率、不透水面盖度,并结合气象站点气温和高程作为输入参数建立随机森林模型反演近地表气温。结果表明,随机森林反演的近地表气温平均绝对误差(MAE)为0.80 ℃,均方根误差(RMSE)为1.06 ℃,与传统多元线性气温回归方法相比,平均绝对误差(MAE)和均方根误差(RMSE)分别提高0.06 ℃和0.09 ℃。研究表明,利用随机森林模型反演近地表气温是可行的,并且具有一定的优越性。此外,对随机森林模型的输入参数进行重要性分析,地表温度对气温反演模型的影响最大,其次为高程。  相似文献   

14.
A method has been developed for estimating the filtered narrow band surface albedo with Landsat/TM data. In this method, the surface albedo from filtered range of Landsat/TM is converted to the surface albedo with unfiltered spectral range. The atmospheric effects on each channel are systematically different, because of the different spectral behavior of atmospheric parameters. As a result, in this study, atmospheric correction has been done respectively in different parameters for visible and infrared channels. The surface albedos of the Kushiro Mire gotten with this method were compared with the observed data there. The results show that the satellite inferred albedos have a good agreement to the diurnal mean of ground observed albedos with 3% systematic error. There is a seasonal variation of albedo in high and low mires, the albedo decreased gradually from April to July and reached its minimum in July, further it rose gradually from August to October. It is also clear that there is a characteristic pattern of surface distribution according to the vegetation types of this area. The average surface albedos of each type of community are 0.164 for Sphagnum, 0.175 for Carex, 0.179 for Pragmites and 0.166 for Alnus. In the other words, the albedo in high mire (mainly covered by Sphagnum) is lower than that in low mire (mainly covered by Phragmites and Carex).  相似文献   

15.
Evolution of the Arctic sea ice and its snow cover during the SHEBA year were simulated by applying a high-resolution thermodynamic snow/ice model (HIGHTSI). Attention was paid to the impact of albedo on snow and sea ice mass balance, effect of snow on total ice mass balance, and the model vertical resolution. The SHEBA annual simulation was made applying the best possible external forcing data set created by the Sea Ice Model Intercomparison Project. The HIGHTSI control run reasonably reproduced the observed snow and ice thickness. A number of albedo schemes were incorporated into HIGHTSI to study the feedback processes between the albedo and snow and ice thickness. The snow thickness turned out to be an essential variable in the albedo parameterization. Albedo schemes dependent on the surface temperature were liable to excessive positive feedback effects generated by errors in the modelled surface temperature. The superimposed ice formation should be taken into account for the annual Arctic sea ice mass balance.  相似文献   

16.
反照率是反映地表能量平衡的重要参数之一,也被运用于全球变化与天气预测研究中。为了更好地获取反照率产品,学者们在不断地更新反照率产品和提出新算法。本文主要是在1 km分辨率的全球陆表特征参量(GLASS)反照率产品基础上进一步开发250 m反照率产品。算法思路是利用中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)传感器的250 m分辨率波段提供纹理信息,利用成熟的GLASS 1 km反照率产品提供均值信息,进行数据融合,实现GLASS 1 km反照率产品的降尺度。相比于GLASS 1km反照率产品,250 m产品首先展现出更为丰富的空间细节信息,并且在与地面站点观测数据(北美地区站点数据)直接对比中显示出稍高的验证精度,GLASS 1 km产品的验证精度为0.0257,而250 m产品验证精度0.0235。最后,以北京市为例,基于2003—2013年的产品分析了北京市周边反照率及其变化趋势的空间分布,可以看到250 m反照率产品视觉效果更好,相比于1 km产品能够揭示反照率变化趋势的更多空间细节信息。分析表明,在北京城市化进程中,由于加大了城市绿化,主城区反照率总体呈降低趋势。  相似文献   

17.
As a key parameter for indicating the fraction of surface-reflected solar incident radiation, land surface albedo plays an important role in the Earth's surface energy budget(SEB). Since the Sanjiang Plain has been severely affected by human activities(e.g., reclamation and shrinking of wetlands), it is important to assess the spatiotemporal variations of surface albedo in this region using a long-term remote sensing dataset. In order to investigate the surface albedo climatology, trends, and mechanisms of change, we evaluated the surface albedo variations in the Sanjiang Plain, China from 1982 to 2015 using the Global LAnd Surface Satellite(GLASS) broadband surface albedo product. The results showed that: 1) an increasing annual trend(+0.000 58/yr) of surface albedo was discovered in the Sanjiang Plain based on the GLASS albedo dataset, with a much stronger increasing trend(+0.001 26/yr) occurring during the winter. Most of the increasing trends occurred over the cultivated land, unused land, and land use conversion types located in the northeastern Sanjiang Plain. 2) The increasing trend of land surface albedo in Sanjiang Plain can be largely explained by the changes of both snow cover extent and land use. The surface albedo in winter is highly correlated with the snow cover extent in the Sanjiang Plain, and the increasing trend of surface albedo can be further enhanced by the land use changes.  相似文献   

18.
I.I~crIOXNOwadays,theremotesensingtechniqueshavebeenappliedinmeteorology,oceanography,hydrologyandsomeotherscientificfields,andbecomeauSefulmethodformonitoricsavastregion.Monitoringwithsatelliteremotesensinghas~advantageSincollectingdatacontinuously,regularlyandrepeatedlyinalargearea,inparticularinavastwetlandwherethefieldinvestigationisverydifficult.Therefore,remotesensingwithsatellitedataisthemostsuitablemethodforthesurveyinthiskindofregion.Untilthecoddleofthe20thcentury,wetlandhassometim…  相似文献   

19.
Energy balance at the glacier surface is important for understanding the impacts of climate change on glaciers. Here, we analyzed the characteristics of the glacier surface energy fluxes along with their contributions to glacier melt on Bayi Ice Cap in Qilian Mountains by using a point-scale energy balance model. The half-hourly meteorological data from an automatic weather station (AWS) located on the glacier was used to drive the energy balance model. The model simulated results could accurately represent the mass-balance observations from the stake near the weather station during summer 2016. Our results showed the net radiation (86%) played an important role in the surface energy balance, and the contribution of the turbulent heat fluxes (14%) to the energy budget was relatively less important. A distinct behavior of energy balance, as compared to other continental glaciers in China (e.g., two adjacent glaciers Laohugou No. 12 Glacier and Qiyi Glacier), is the fact that a sustained period of positive turbulent latent flux exists on Bayi Ice Cap during August, causing faster melt rate in the month of August. Our study also presented the effect of frequent summer snowfall in slowing down surface melt by changing the surface albedo during the beginning of the melting season.  相似文献   

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