首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
l Some problems on the astronomical theory of ice ageThe astronomical theory of ice age, as the up todate solution for the global climatic changes in theQuaternary period, has been accepted by the most ofthe scientists in the world. However, there are stillsome arguable problems to need further research.Zhou Shangzhe (t994) pllt forward three questionslike as follows:The astronomical theory of ice age suggestedthat the ice age occurred when the eccentricity of theorbit of the earth was at its…  相似文献   

2.
地幔结构的地震层析图象显示热心南偏和质心北偏可能是地球南北反对称的动力基础。建立了南北半球密度反对称分布的数学模型,计算结果表明:地壳地幔南北半球的密度不均匀分布可使地核偏离地球质心1~3公里,完全符合张焕志1982年的计算结果。质心偏移将造成地球各圈层相同数量级的等位移动与等位变形,从而产生大幅度的全球海平面变化和地壳形变。  相似文献   

3.
地核内部的压力和温度比以前人们的设想高得多。地核加热部分下地幔使之在地幔中升起形成热幔柱。有些热幔柱穿透岩石圈在地表形成热点,其余热幔柱消溶在上地幔形成热室。这是上地幔在结构和温度上不均匀的原因.也是激发控制全球变化的头等重要因素。  相似文献   

4.
利用地震层析成像研究地幔非对称结构   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
利用Su,Vasco,Hilst,Grand等提供的地震层析成像模型,根据实验室结果外推得到的地震波速度异常与密度异常之间的线性关系,将地幔进行分层,网络化处理,计算了地幔各层异常密度,密度异常质心和全地幔密度异常质位置。结果表明,地幔密度异常表现出的总体特征是:整体地幔密度异常为负值,上地幔异常大,中,下地幔密度异常较小;地幔整体和多数分层密度异常质心分布在北半球。这一结果反映,现今地幔热动力学演化呈现出南半球膨胀和北半球收缩的非对称基本格局。  相似文献   

5.
由于地质体的质量和之间的结合力不等 ,在地球旋转作用下 ,半球加速、半球减速、半球向心、半球离心、不停交叉、交替作用 ,引起运动的地质体之间的撞动。这是地震的原因。实际是往复潮汐作用、方向改变时引起运动体之间的震动。往复相对运动的地质体之间运动的机械能转化的热能载体 (金属和非金属物质———热气液和岩浆 ) ,在结合面 (层或带 )中储聚、冲开封闭盖层、喷出到地表 ,就是火山的成因。热能熔化的固体岩石和地层形成的岩浆 ,就是岩浆的成因  相似文献   

6.
评述了卫星重力大地测量的最新发展及其对地球科学的重大影响。为了更好地理解地球内部物理构造与海洋动力学,以及大陆,冰川和海洋的相互作用,改善现有地球重力场模型(包括精度和空间解析度)是非常重要的。IUGG等国际组织对此已经强调了很多年。最近,由德国的GFZ(GeoForschungsZentrum),美国的NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Adminitration)以及欧洲宇航局ESA(European Space Agency)开发研制了最先进的地球监测技术-SST(Satellite-to-Sateilite Tracking)。其主要特点是利用现有的GPS连续追踪新发射低轨道卫星,并由低轨道卫星对地球重力场作精密观测。已经发射和即将发射的卫星有3颗:GHAMP(Challenging Mini-Satellite Payload for Geophysical Research an Application)已经于2000年发射;GRACE(Gravity Recovery and Climate Experimert)定于2002年发射;GOCE(Gravity Field and Steady-state Ocean Cirulation Explorer)计划2004年发射,它们可以统称为重力卫星。载有SST技术的人造卫星的主要目的是获得具有前所未有的高精度和高空间解析度的全球重力场和大地水准面模型,加强人们对地球内部构造的理解并为海洋和气象研究提供更好地参考。上述3个重力卫星工作在有明显区别的不同波谱内,它们有不同的科学应用,仅有一小部分重合。所以,就应用而言它们是完全互补的。它们在地球科学中的应用将是广泛的,特别对于固体地球物理学,海洋学以及大地测量学等领域,它们将会带来革命性的变化,其意义不亚于GPS。  相似文献   

7.
本文利用WDM—89地球重力模型(完整到180阶)的位系数计算了南北构造带中段的30—50阶、50—100阶、100—150阶、150—180阶及2—180阶卫星重力异常,并探讨了该区的壳幔结构。结果表明,该区上地幔存在一个规模较大的低密度区。若尔盖和雅江一带有两个底部相连的高密度地幔块体。该区壳幔结构不但横向很不均匀,而且纵向也极为复杂。据此对区域岩石圈动力学特征进行了讨论。  相似文献   

8.
北极海冰对全球气候起着非常重要的调制作用,海冰范围是海冰监测的基本参数。近40年,北极地区持续变暖,北极海冰显著减少,进而引发北极自然环境恶化、北半球极端天气频发、全球海平面上升等一系列环境和气候问题。准确获取北极海冰范围及其演变趋势,确定海冰变化对全球气候系统的响应,是研究和预测全球气候变化趋势的关键之一。HasISST和OISST海冰数据集在海冰监测中应用最为广泛,可为北极地区长时间序列海冰变化研究提供基础数据,但这2套数据集空间分辨率相对较低,应用于北极关键区对中国气候响应研究方面存在很大的局限,为解决这一问题和弥补国内海冰监测微波遥感数据的空白,2011年6月27日,国家卫星气象中心(National Satellite Meteorological Center, NSMC)发布了FY(Fengyun, FY)北极海冰数据集,该数据集利用搭载在FY卫星上的微波成像仪(Microwave Radiation Imager, MWRI)数据,使用Enhance NASA Team算法制作,该算法利用前向辐射传输模型模拟北极地区4种海表类型(海水、新生冰、一年冰和多年冰)在不同大气条件下MWRI辐射亮温,进而得到每种大气条件下0~100%的海冰覆盖度查找表(海冰覆盖度每次增加1%),通过观测值与模拟值的比对得到海冰覆盖度,由该数据集计算得到的北极海冰范围在大部分区域与实际情况相符。该产品虽已进行通道间匹配误差修正和定位精度偏差订正,但由于其搭载的微波成像仪(Microwave Radiation Imager, MWRI)天线长度有限,造成传感器探测到的地物回波信号相对较弱,难以区分海冰和近岸附近的陆地,影响了该数据集的精度和应用。为解决这一问题,本文基于美国冰雪中心(National Snow and Ice Data Center, NSIDC)发布的海冰产品对FY海冰数据集进行优化,NSIDC产品利用判断矩阵对海岸线附近的像元进行识别,并对误差像元进行不同程度的修正,由NSIDC产品计算得到的北极海冰范围与实际情况更为符合。数据集优化大大提高了FY海冰数据集的精度,研究结果表明,优化后FY海冰数据集与NSIDC产品相关系数高达0.9997,且二者日、月、年平均最大海冰范围偏差仅为3.5%、1.9%、0.9%,且FY海冰数据集优化过程对其较好的空间分异特征无明显影响。该数据集可正确地反映北极海冰范围及其变化情况,且海岸线附近海冰的分布情况更准确,可为北极海冰变化研究提供可靠的基础数据。  相似文献   

9.
1 INTRODUCTION Marginal seas in the Northwest Pacific includethe Bering Sea, the Okhotsk Sea, the Japan Sea, theEast China Sea, the South China Sea and the Philip-pine Sea, surrounded by adjacent coastal regions,the islands on the continental crust side and theocean trench at oceanic crust side. More than 4000heat flow data have been obtained since the firstmeasurement in the area in 1957 around the Japa-nese Islands (Uyeda and Horai, 1964) and the firstmarine survey in the Be…  相似文献   

10.
洋中脊是大洋的胚胎,从洋中脊为地堑式中央裂谷的形态特征来看,大洋是拉张应力的产物,因此必须依据大陆漂移造成海底被动扩张这一结论来分析研究板块运动的动力源问题。大陆漂移的方向是有规律的,根据世界大洋年龄图等资料进行逆推,还原不同阶段的洋陆展布状态,可以看出,白垩纪以来南半球大陆分解向北运动、北半球大陆分解向南运动,大陆在向低纬度地区运动的过程中向西运动,这种大陆漂移的方向性特征与地球自转力作用的方向性特征完全吻合。根据模拟实验,在空心不锈钢球体的中高纬度表面吸附具有一定质量的磁扣并旋转不锈钢球体,当达到一定转速时,磁扣会向赤道漂移,同时向西漂移。同理,地球上的大陆高出大洋,当中高纬度的大陆自转离极力大于前方大洋阻力时,必然会造成大陆在大洋之上仰冲,也就是大陆在大洋之上漂移。根据离极力理论计算可知,中心在中纬度的大陆产生的离极力足以使前方大洋破裂屈服,从而发生指向赤道方向的逆冲运动;而向赤道运动的大陆因旋转半径变大会产生强烈的向西的同步力,造成大陆西侧大洋破裂并发生逆冲运动,从而向西漂移。板块运动的本质就是大陆挤压大洋造成洋壳破裂逆冲,陆壳于洋壳之上作仰冲运动,大陆前方的古大洋逐渐被俯冲消亡,最终与前方大陆碰撞造山合并成新的大陆;而由于大陆的前行造成其后的岩石圈普遍处于张裂状态,导致原大陆被拉张分解为2个或多个陆块,分裂的陆块之间沿洋中脊增长生长为新大洋。地球自转形成的地转力除造成板块运动外,还可能使岩石圈内部发生断裂,并在已有断裂上积累和释放势能,从而造成地震。  相似文献   

11.
胶西北是我国最大的黄金矿集区,不仅黄金储量巨大,而且成矿时间集中(115±5)Ma。研究认为燕山运动以来,华北东部地区进入了地幔热柱演化阶段;胶西北形成了莱阳地幔亚热柱及其外围郭家店、艾山、盘石店等幔枝构造体系。深源含矿流体通过地幔热柱→地幔亚热柱→幔枝构造→有利构造扩容带,迁移到幔枝构造的脆韧性韧脆性剪切带、侵入岩体的内、外接触带、密集的构造裂隙带、各种脉岩与围岩的接触带等有利部位集聚成矿,从而构成以幔枝构造为中心的金成矿密集区。该文以郭家店幔枝构造研究为例,分析了成矿作用,归纳了成矿模式。  相似文献   

12.
Volcanism is mainly controlled by the intermittent release of energy in the earth. As far as the differential rotation of the earth's inner core is concerned, the Galactic Year may change the gravitational constant G, the solar radiative quantity and the moving speed of the solar system and affect the exchange of angular momentum between core and mantle as well as the energy exchange between crust and mantle. As a result, this leads to eruptions of superplumes and magma, and controls the energy flow from core - mantle boundary (CMB) to crust. When the earth' s speed decreases, it will release a huge amount of energy. They are the reason of the correspondence of the volcanic cycles one by one with the astronomical periods one by one. According to the astronomical periods, volcanic eruptions may possibly be predicted in the future.  相似文献   

13.
One of sea ice core samples was taken from Arctic by the First Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition Team in 1999. 20 vertical and 2 horizontal ice sections were cut out of the ice core sample 2.22 m in length, which covered the ice sheet from surface to bottom except losses for during sampling and section cutting. From the observation and analysis of the fabrics and crystals along the depth of the ice core sample, followings were found. Whole ice sheet consists of columnar, refrozen clastic pieces, granular, columnar, refrozen clastic pieces, granular, columnar and refrozen clastic pieces. This indicates that the ice core sample was 3-year old, and the ice sheet surface thawed and the melt water flowed into ice sheet during summer. Hence, the annual energy balance in Arctic can be determined by the ice sheet surface thawing in summer, and bottom growth in winter. The thickness of the ice sheet is kept constantly at a certain position based on the corresponding climate and ocean conditions; A new  相似文献   

14.
?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1969????1976???????????????????3??7?????????????????????????Щ????????: ??????????????????????????????????28 km;?????????????????????????????α??????????????????;?????????????????????????????λ???????;??????????????3??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????й??  相似文献   

15.
利用中国14个台站的DZW型重力仪观测资料,对东日本9.0级大地震激发的地球自由振荡进行时频分析, 展示其二维及三维时频分布特征。对比14个台站的谱图发现,地球自由振荡能量在频率轴的展布很均匀,均可清晰展示频率信息|而在时间轴上存在一些差异,大部分台站展布相近,宜昌台、西昌小庙台、厦门台和深圳台4个台站的展布相对较窄。  相似文献   

16.
1SeesawphenomenonofoceaniccrustSince 1996, Yoshino etal.(2002) have been us-ing the space geodetic techniques to observe crustal deformation at four sites in Tokyo metropolitan area. It is called Keystone project (KSP). At the end of June in 2000, volcanic and seismic events star-ted at Izu islands, south of Tokyo. Following the ev-ent, extraordinary crustal deformation was observed not only around the Izu islands, but also at the Key-stone network, where the closest site is over 100…  相似文献   

17.
Climate and tectonics are two interactive factors in the earth's system. They are controlled by astronomical cycles. It has been unheeded for a long time that large-scale material motion caused by global climatic change is one of the powers for tectonic movement. Tectonic movement makes the distributional pattern of continent and ocean change and makes global climate type change strongly in large scale. It is a good example that the change of the sea-ice around Antarctic Continent and in the Drake Passage has the switch process for global climatic changes. Tide makes the oceanic crust of the East Pacific Ocean and the West Pacific Ocean rise or fall 60 cm oppositely. Before and after El Nino events,the oceanic level of the East Pacific Ocean and the West Pacific Ocean may rise or fall 40 cm oppositely. Because of isostasy, oceanic crust may fall or rise 13 or 20 cm. They are the reasons why El Nino events are interrelated with the earthquakes and volcanoes. This is so called seesaw phenomenon of oceanic crust.  相似文献   

18.
The differential rotation between the solid and fluid spheres caused by tidal force could explain the 1500 to 1800-year cycle of the world's temperature. Strong tide increases the vertical and horizontal mixing of water in the oceans, drawing the cold Pacific water from the depths to the surface and the warm water from the west to the east, where it cools or warms the atmosphere above, absorbs or releases CO2 to decrease or increase greenhouse effect and to make La Nina or El Nino occur in the global. The moon's declination and obliquity of the ecliptic affect the tidal intensity. The exchange of tidal energy and tide-generating force caused by the sun, moon and major planets makes the earth's layers rotate in different speeds. The differenti-al rotation between solid and fluid of the earth is the basic reason for El Nino and global climate change.  相似文献   

19.
根据万有引力常数G与宇宙年龄成反比这一原理,利用古生物资料,讨论了G减小与地球半径r'的关系模式。认为G减小引起地球内部压强减小,从而引起地球膨胀,而各国层、各块体的膨胀状态有差异,从而产生地壳运动;大陆漂移、海底扩张是地球膨胀的直接结果。  相似文献   

20.
由于地表观测大地热流值的精度较低 ,并且测点分布不均匀 ,加之我们对地球内部介质热学参数随深度分布的了解也很模糊 ,因此 ,由通常解热传导方程获得的岩石层温度模型比较粗糙。本文提出一种利用重力异常资料精化传统的单纯依赖地热资料确定岩石层温度模型的方法 ,并对方法的有效性与局限性进行了讨论。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号