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1.
通过对粤东后江湾近岸带垂岸方向上4个测站,同步观测到的波浪数据进行频域统计分析,初步探讨分析了波浪近岸传播过程中波浪统计性质的变化规律。结果表明:碎波带内波的频谱多峰特征显著,峰频两侧均存在着显著能量峰值,峰频能量发生转移;波浪经过破碎后,约束长波能量被释放出来;波浪向岸过程中谱宽度(ε)变大,同时谱尖度(Qp)减小,显著波陡(Ss)增大,峰值周期(Tp)增大,平均周期(Tm02)减小。 相似文献
2.
MODIS遥感数据提取赤潮信息方法与应用——以珠江口为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
近年来,中国沿海近岸二类水体中的赤潮频发,对海洋环境、社会经济和公众健康都造成较大危害,因此,针对近岸二类水体中较小范围赤潮的遥感监测分析有重要意义。本文的工作主要集中在:(1)分析典型赤潮海水、泥沙浑浊海水、赤潮泥沙混合海水,以及清洁海水的MODIS影像光谱特征;(2)分析叶绿素a法,温度法,荧光法和波段比值法,在近岸小范围赤潮识别应用中的优势和缺点;(3)提出监督分类的赤潮信息提取方法,其中典型赤潮样本的选取基于蓝绿波段反射率比值和MODIS 1,4,3波段。利用本方法,对珠江口海域2006年2月赤潮进行了提取,取得良好的效果。 相似文献
3.
《广东海洋大学学报》2020,(2)
【目的】研究海南岛近岸海域表层海水化学需氧量(COD)的时空分布特征,评价COD污染水平,研究区域COD浓度与多种环境因子之间的关系。【方法】根据2016年枯水季、丰水季和平水季海南岛近岸海域表层海水现场调查资料,进行单因子指数法和综合指数法分析。【结果】海南省近岸海域表层海水COD的平均质量浓度为(0.75±0.43) mg/L,浓度范围为0.14～2.74 mg/L;COD浓度高值区主要分布在龙尾河口临近小海海域,枯水季研究海域表层海水COD污染水平高于丰水季节;COD对富营养化的贡献范围为38.2%～69.7%,平均贡献率为(51.0±5.1)%,贡献率随着富营养化指数的增加而减小;3个季节COD与盐度均存在显著负相关(P<0.01)。【结论】COD时空分布主要受陆源输入和水动力过程的影响。COD是影响海南岛近岸海域富营养化的重要因子但非决定性因子。随着富营养化程度增加,来自营养盐对富营养化贡献更为显著。 相似文献
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《广东海洋大学学报》2021,(4)
【目的】研究海啸波在斜坡海堤上越浪的水动力特性。【方法】基于非静压模型NHWAVE建立高精度二维数值波浪水槽,通过对日本2011年实测真实海啸进行参数化形成类海啸波形,并设置系列计算工况,深入分析入射波高、水深、岸滩坡度及海堤坡度对类海啸波作用下海堤越浪特性的影响,并将计算结果与孤立波进行对比。【结果与结论】相同工况下,类海啸波的单宽越浪量大于孤立波,波浪经海堤消能后,能量衰减,孤立波能量损耗率大于类海啸波;随波高和水深增加,越浪量均增大;海堤坡度对越浪量的影响不大;岸滩坡度减缓,波浪速度将在堤前聚集,类海啸波在1∶20的岸滩坡度下越浪量达到最大。研究结果可为近岸水利防护工程的建设提供参考。 相似文献
6.
充分认识山东省土地资源利用所面临的形势,是保障经济社会新旧动能有序转换的基本问题。土地资源与新旧动能转换存在着相互渗透、相互促进的关系,土地资源以宏观调控的方式,促进新旧动能的有序转换,是保障新旧动能有序转换的有效手段;新旧动能转换又是土地资源管理、利用和保护的内在需求。该文从新旧动能转换基本概念出发,深入剖析了二者之间的相互关系,从土地利用方式、土地利用结构和布局、土地质量和土地生态环境四个方面,分析了新旧动能转换对土地保障能力的要求,探究了土地资源利用管理中的旧动能和新动能,总结归纳土地资源管理、利用和保护对经济发展的新旧动能转换的作用,提出了保障新旧动能有序转换的措施。 相似文献
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胡连英 《地球科学与环境学报》1988,(3)
本文论述了中国强震迁移与现代地壳波浪运动间的关系,指出了中国强震时空分布上的波浪性、方向性及丛集性特征,并将中国强震运动划分为天平式运动、单波系波浪运动、双波系波浪运动、多波系波浪运动等类型,进而对强震机制进行了探讨,指出强震波带和强震丛集区仍是今后强震活动的主要场所。 相似文献
9.
针对山东西部二叠纪奎山组厚层砂岩沉积环境尚存争议这一问题,该文通过在单县地区钻孔系统采样、磨片与室内电子探针测试微量元素等手段,对奎山组砂岩进行成因机制探讨。研究发现,奎山组砂岩其形成环境较复杂,不能简单用某个环境解释,其沉积时受到频繁的海侵海退影响,综合分析其应形成于滨海近岸带和三角洲环境。在此基础上,结合实验及沉积学等方法,分析了海水对奎山组砂岩影响变化,将奎山组砂岩划分出4个沉积旋回,建立了成因模式。 相似文献
10.
为了清晰理解湛江湾内某电厂脱硫酸性废水排放入海后的时空输移路径,及其引起海水pH变化的空间影响范围,应用ECOMSED海洋模式模拟该电厂近岸海域的水动力过程和脱硫酸性废水排放引起海水pH变化的空间影响范围。模拟结果显示:湛江湾海域潮汐特征为不规则半日潮,潮流基本沿航道深槽呈往复运动,大潮涨潮过程流速介于0.80.9 m.s-1之间,落潮过程流速在1.10.9 m.s-1之间,落潮过程流速在1.11.2 m.s-1之间;电厂脱硫酸性废水直排入海后随潮流呈带状输移,导致水体pH低于7.8的极端影响面积为30.70 km2,占湛江湾海域面积16.2%。 相似文献
11.
Oceanic turbulence plays an important role in coastal flow. However, as the effect of an uneven lower boundary on the adjacent turbulence is still not well understood, we explore the mechanics of nearshore turbulence with a turbulence-resolving numerical model known as a large-eddy-simulation model for an idealized scenario in a coastal region for which the lower boundary is a solid sinusoidal wave. The numerical simulation demonstrates how the mechanical energy of the current is transferred into local turbulence mixing, and shows the changes in turbulent intensity over the continuous phase change of the lower topography. The strongest turbulent kinetic energy is concentrated above the trough of the wavy surface. The turbulence mixing is mainly generated by the shear forces; the magnitude of shear production has a local maximum over the crest of the seabed topography, and there is an asymmetry in the shear production between the leeward and windward slopes. The numerical results are consistent with results from laboratory experiments. Our analysis provides an important insight into the mechanism of turbulent kinetic energy production and development. 相似文献
12.
Resonance due to critical slope makes the internal wave generation more effectively than that due to supercritical or subcritical slopes(Zhang et al., 2008). Submarine ridges make a greater contribution to ocean mixing than continental margins in global oceans(Müller, 1977; Bell, 1975; Baines, 1982; Morozov, 1995). In this paper, internal wave generation driven by tidal flow over critical topography is examined in laboratory using Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV) and synthetic schlieren methods in synchrony. Non-tidal baroclinic velocities and vertical isopycnal displacements are observed in three representative regions, i.e., critical, outward-propagating, and reflection regions. Temporal and spatial distributions of internal wave rays are analyzed using the time variations of baroclinic velocities and vertical isopycnal displacement, and the results are consistent with those by the linear internal wave theory. Besides, the width of wave beam changes with the outward propagation of internal waves. Finally, through monitoring the uniformly-spaced 14 vertical profiles in the x-z plane, the internal wave fields of density and velocity fields are constructed. Thus, available potential energy, kinetic energy and energy fluxes are determined quantitatively. The distributions of baroclinic energy and energy fluxes are confined along the internal wave rays. The total depth averaged energy and energy flux of vertical profiles away from a ridge are both larger than those near the ridge. 相似文献
13.
Huaming Yu Lu Wang Liang Kuang Haiqing Yu Yuchen Sun Yuhuan Qu Xin Wu 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,15(2):209-218
Based on the finite-volume coastal ocean model(FVCOM),a three-dimensional numerical model FVCOM was built to simulate the ocean dynamics in pre-dam and post-dam conditions in Bachimen(BCM).The domain decomposition method,which is effective in describing the conservation of volume and non-conservation of mechanical energy in the utilization of tidal energy,was employed to estimate the theoretical tidal energy resources and developable energy resources,and to analyze the hydrodynamic effect of the tidal power station.This innovative approach has the advantage of linking physical oceanography with engineering problems.The results indicate that the theoretical annual tidal energy resources is about 2×10~8 k Wh under the influence of tidal power station;Optimized power installation is confirmed according to power generation curve from numerical analysis;the developable resources is about 38.2% of theoretical tidal energy resources with the employment of one-way electricity generation.The electricity generation time and power are 3479 hours and 2.55×10~4 KW,respectively.The power station has no effect on the tide pattern which is semi-diurnal tide in both two conditions,but the amplitudes of main constituents apparently decrease in the area near the dam,with the M_2 decreasing the most,about 62.92 cm.The tidal prism shrinks to 2.28×10~7 m~3,but can still meet the flow requirement for tidal power generation.The existence of station increases the flow rate along the waterway and enhances the residual current.There are two opposite vortexes formed on the east side beside the dam of the station,which leads to pollutants gathering. 相似文献
14.
Combining the 3/2 power law proposed by Toba with the significant wave energy balance equation for wind waves, wave growth
in deep water for short fetch is investigated. It is found that the variations of wave height and period with fetch have the
form of power function with fractional exponents 3/8 and 1/4 respectively. Using these exponents in the power functions and
through data fitting, the concise wind wave growth relations for short fetch are obtained. 相似文献
15.
The propagation of long-waves, such as tidal waves from the coastal oceam into shallow estuarine waters,often produces asymmetries of veolcity and water level in time series resulting in long-wave breaking.Tian (1994) studied the mechanism of long-wave breaking in an infinite channel with constant depth,considering nth power bottom friction. This study is for the case of a half infinite channel with bottomslope, taking linear bottom friction into account. The wave breaking time and wave breaking location areestimated and the criteria for long-wave breaking in this particular case are obtained. The results obtainedcan also be e asily applied to the case considering wind stress. 相似文献
16.
ZOUHuazhi LIHuajun LIUXiaodong LIUAixia 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2005,4(2):177-184
Based on the Navier-Stokes Equations (NSE), numerical simulation with fine grids is conducted to simulate the coastal surface wave changes, including wave generation, propagation, transformation and interactions between waves and structures. This numerical model has been tested for the generation of the desired incident waves, including both regular and random waves. Some numerical results of this model are compared with available experimental data. In order to apply this model to actual cases, boundary conditions are considered in detail for different shoreline types (beach or breakwater, slope or vertical wall, etc. ). Finally, the utility of the model to a real coastal area is shown by applying it to a fishing port located in Shidao, Rongcheng, Shandong Province, P.R. China. 相似文献
17.
The propagation of long-waves, such as tidal waves from the coastal ocean into shallow estuarine waters, often produces asymmetries
of velocity and water level in time series resulting in long-wave breaking. Tian (1994) studied the mechanism of long-wave
breaking in an infinite channel with constant depth, consideringnth power bottom friction. This study is for the case of a half infinite channel with bottom slope, taking linear bottom friction
into account. The wave breaking time and wave breaking location are estimated and the criteria for long-wave breaking in this
particular case are obtained. The results obtained can also be easily applied to the case considering wind stress. 相似文献
18.
Response of internal waves to 2005 Typhoon Damrey over the northwestern shelf of the South China Sea
Gang Wang Fangli Qiao Yijun Hou Dejun Dai Min Lin Qilong Zhang Gang Wang Baoshu Yin 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2008,7(3):251-257
Continuous observation of sea water temperature and current was made at Wenchang Station (19°35′N, 112°E) in 2005. The data collected indicate vigorous internal waves of both short periods and tidal and near-inertial periods. The temperature and current time series during 18-30 September were examined to describe the upper ocean internal wave field response to Typhoon Damrey (0518). The strong wind associated with the typhoon, which passed over the sea area about 45 km south of Wenchang Sta- tion on 25 September, deepened the mixed layer depth remarkably. It decreased the mixed layer temperature while increasing the deep layer temperature, and intensified the near-inertial and high-frequency fluctuations of temperature and current. Power spectra of temperature and current time series indicate significant deviations from those obtained by using the deep ocean internal wave models characterized by a power law. The frequency spectra were dominated by three energetic bands: around the inertial frequency (7.75× 10-6 Hz), tidal frequencies (1.010-25 to 2.4×10-5 Hz), and between 1.4×10-4 and 8.3 × 10-4 Hz. Dividing the field data into three phases (before, during and after the typhoon), we found that the typhoon enhanced the kinetic energy in nearly all the frequency bands, es- pecially in the surface water. The passage of Damrey made a major contribution to the horizontal kinetic energy of the total surface current variances. The vertical energy density distribution, with its peak value at the surface, was an indication that the energy in- jected by the strong wind into the surface current could penetrate downward to the thermocline. 相似文献
19.
Using plants is a kind of environmentally-friendly coastal protection to attenuate wave energy. In this paper, a set of experiments were conducted to investigate the wave attenuation performance using flexible grasses on a submerged slope, and the wave attenuation coefficient for these experiments was calculated for different still water depths, slope and grass configurations. It was found that the slope plays a significant role in wave attenuation. The wave attenuation coefficient increases with increasing relative row number and relative density. For a small relative row number, the two configurations from the slope top to its toe and from the slope toe to its top performed equally to a large extent. For a medium relative row number, the configuration from the slope toe to its top performed more poorly than that from the slope top to its toe; however, it performed better than that from the slope top to its toe for a high relative row number. With a single row of grasses close to the slope top from the slope toe, the wave attenuation coefficient shows double peaks. With increasing grass rows or still water depth, the grass location corresponding to the maximum wave attenuation coefficient is close to the slope top. The dimensional analysis and the least square method were used to derive an empirical equation of the wave attenuation coefficient considering the effect of relative density, the slope, the relative row number and the relative location of the middle row, and the equation was validated to experimental data. 相似文献
20.
Surface waves comprise an important aspect of the interaction between the atmosphere and the ocean, so a dynamically consistent framework for modelling atmosphere-ocean interaction must take account of surface waves, either implicitly or explicitly. In order to calculate the effect of wind forcing on waves and currents, and vice versa, it is necessary to employ a consistent formula- tion of the energy and momentum balance within the airflow, wave field, and water column. It is very advantageous to apply sur- face-following coordinate systems, whereby the steep gradients in mean flow properties near the air-water interface in the cross-interface direction may be resolved over distances which are much smaller than the height of the waves themselves. We may account for the waves explicitly by employing a numerical spectral wave model, and applying a suitable theory of wave–mean flow interaction. If the mean flow is small compared with the wave phase speed, perturbation expansions of the hydrodynamic equations in a Lagrangian or generalized Lagrangian mean framework are useful: for stronger flows, such as for wind blowing over waves, the presence of critical levels where the mean flow velocity is equal to the wave phase speed necessitates the application of more general types of surface-following coordinate system. The interaction of the flow of air and water and associated differences in temperature and the concentration of various substances (such as gas species) gives rise to a complex boundary-layer structure at a wide range of vertical scales, from the sub-millimetre scales of gaseous diffusion, to several tens of metres for the turbulent Ekman layer. The bal- ance of momentum, heat, and mass is also affected significantly by breaking waves, which act to increase the effective area of the surface for mass transfer, and increase turbulent diffusive fluxes via the conversion of wave energy to turbulent kinetic energy. 相似文献