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1.
The Cretaceous of Afghanistan is marked by great facies diversity. The evolution of Cretaceous basins is part of a complex accretionary history involving three distinct tectonic units namely the Asian (Russian) Block separated from the Indian plate by a rather well defined transcurrent fault (Chaman-Nuski). The southwestern component is representedby the Iran-Afghanistan plate. The Lower Cretaceous of the Asian Block is represented by the Red-Grit Series which isconformable to the underlying Upper Jurassic sequences. The transition is marked by evaporitic facies dominated by salt,gypsum and marl deposits. In south Afghanistan volcanic rocks occur at Farah, with the emplacement of plutonics inwest-central Afghanistan. The Upper Cretaceous of north Afghanistan is marked by richly fossiliferous, lime stone-dominated sequences. The Upper Cretaceous of southern Afghanistan is marked by strong ophiolitic magrmatism. 相似文献
2.
蒙阴盆地是在库拉板块向亚洲大陆下俯冲，中国东部隆升伸展板块裂解阶段发育起来的。在中生代，盆地的成生演化经历了侏罗纪拗陷盆地发育阶段和早白垩世拗陷—裂陷阶段。在相应沉积演化过程中，形成侏罗纪湖相红色碎屑岩建造，早白垩世早期滨浅湖—半深湖相灰绿色细粒陆屑岩沉积，早白垩世中期河湖相凝灰质复陆屑岩类夹火山碎屑岩类沉积，早白垩世晚期中基性火山熔岩、火山碎屑岩组合。沉积中心在侏罗纪和早白墨世早期皆偏于西北部，此后，向东南部迁移。晚白垩世，盆地处于风化剥蚀阶段。古近纪，受新生太平洋板块向亚洲大陆下俯冲影响，盆地又处于拗陷—裂陷阶段，相应形成山间河湖相—山麓堆积相类磨拉石建造。古近纪末期，该盆地整体隆起处于长期风化剥蚀状态。 相似文献
3.
《世界地质(英文版)》2019,22(4)
The article presents the results of many years of studies of the Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene sediments in the territory of West Siberian Plain. The heterogeneous structure of these sediments in different regions of the plain is shown. The lithological and palynological characteristics of a number of studied wells drilled in different years in Omsk and Kulunda Depressions, in Baraba Lowland and Bakchar Basin are given. The obtained palynological data allowed to substantiate the age of the deposits and to make suggestions concerning their depositional environment, and to clarify the subdivision of geological section into formations. The sections of the Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene deposits in different lithofacial regions of the Western Siberia differ from each other in completeness, genesis, and paleontological characteristics. The Upper Cretaceous sediments in Western Siberia are represented by formations of both marine(Pokur, Kuznetzovo, Ipatovo, Slavgorod and Gan'kino Formations) and continental genesis(Lenkovo and Sym formations). The Paleogene sediments, with the exception of Oligocene, mostly have a marine genesis-these are Talitsa-, Marsyat-, Lulinvor-, Tavda-and Yurki formations, but there are also continental sediments(Ostrovnoje Formation). A large stratigraphic break in the Upper Cretaceous and Paleogene boundary deposits, covering a significant part of the Maastrichtian, Paleocene, Ypresian, and Lutetian stages of the Eocene, was established in the sourheast of the West Siberian Plain(Bakchar Basin, Baraba Lowland and Kulunda Depression). The most complete sections are located in the Omsk Depression, where the Upper Cretaceous Gan'kino Formation is covered by Talitsa and Lulinvor Formations of Paleogene age. The most important events occurring at the boundary of the Cretaceous and Paleogene in Western Siberia can be traced currently in a few sections located in the Trans-Ural area, since there was no sedimentation in the rest of the territory at that time. 相似文献
4.
The Jiayin area along the Heilongjiang River in Northeast China has attracted stratigraphic and sediment-ological interests recently because the Cretaceous－Tertiary (K/T) boundary should be located in this non-marine succession. Dinosaur remains disappear suddenly at the upper part of the Maastrichtian, whereas plants gradually evolved throughout the succession. Analysis of sedimentary facies has been carried out and paleo-environments through Upper Cretaceous to lower Paleocene sections are reconstructed. Fluvial to lacustrine sedimentary environments are inferred from the facies. Several debris flow events have been identified, and it is in these deposits that the dinosaur fossils are concentrated. 相似文献
5.
Songliao Basin is filled predominantly with continental facies sediments including alluvial fan, fluvial plain, fan delta, lacustrine delta, shore - shallow lacustrine, beach salty flat, semi - deep to deep lacustrine, subaqueous gravity flow,lacustrine swamp and pyroclastic sediments. However, some event units were formed during lake - marine linking periods of the Mid - Cretaceous in the basin, which include black shales with high values for salinity (Sr/Ba) , alkalinity ( Ca + Mg)/(Si + Al) , reducibility (Ni + Zn)/Ga and sulfide sulfur as well as heavy isotopes. The Breitenholz -section to be represented for facies comparison with the Cretaceous evaporitic series in Northeast China is localized in Southwest Germany. Stratigraphically it belongs to the Crabfeld Formation of Keuper of the Germanic Triassic corresponding to Ladinian - Carnian of the international reference scale, and is generally called Lower Gipskeuper. The Germanic Triassic was deposited in the epicontinental (cratonic) central Europe Basin. It covered the area in between Great Britain, North Sea, Poland and Southern Germany. It is composed of cyclic deposits of multicolored mudstones, gypsum/anhydrite, and dolomite beds. The two cases of marine ingression - influenced sequences share some common features. 相似文献
6.
The Jiayin area along the Heilongjiang River in Northeast China has attracted stratigraphic and sedimentological interests recently because the Cretaceous--Tertiary (K/T) boundary should be located in this non-marine succession.Dinosaur remains disappear suddenly at the upper part of the Maastrichtian,whereas plants gradually evolved throughout the succession.Analysis of sedimentary facies has been carried out and paleo-environments through Upper Cretaceous to lower Paleocene sections are reconstructed.Fluvial to lacustrine sedimentary environments are inferred from the facies.Several debris flow events have been identified,and it is in these deposits that the dinosaur fossils are concentrated. 相似文献
7.
1 ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＳｏｎｇｌｉａｏＢａｓｉｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎｂｅｉｎｇｔｈｅｌａｒｇｅｓｔｏｉｌａｎｄｇａｓｐｒｏｄｕｃｉｎｇｂａｓｉｎｏｆＣｈｉｎａｕｐｔｏｎｏｗ .Ｔｈｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｒｅｍｎａｎｔａｒｅａｏｆｔｈｅｂａｓｉｎｉｓａｂｏｕｔ 2 6 0 相似文献
8.
Reservoir Volcanic Rocks: Geology and Geochemistry, the Mesozoic Non-Marine Songliao Basin, NE China
Pujun Wang Zhiqiang Feng Frank Mattern Xuanlong Shan Wanzhu Liu Rihui Cheng Chunguang Qiu Huafeng Tang Yan Zhang Quanlin Li Nuan Wen 《世界地质(英文版)》2003,6(2)
The reservoir volcanic rocks in Songliao Basin include the Lower Cretaceous (Klyc Form., 114～135 Ma,acidic rocks) and the Upper Jurassic (J3hs Form., 145～158 Ma, intermediate rocks). Vesicles coupled with faults make the volcanic reservoir spaces which do not as badly getting worse with buried depth as those of sediments generally doing. The flood rhyolites of the Lower Cretaceous cover ca. 100 000 km2 with relict thickness from 100 m to more than 1000 m. They are high-silica, rich in aluminum and potassium, high REE contents with large negative Eu anomalies,thus believed also be formed by the large-scale sialic crust partial-melting. The andesitic rocks of the Upper Jurassic are rich in Al and K, but with lower REE contents and minor negative Eu anomalies, as well as dispersal patterns of HREE.They are believed to be produced by progressively shallower partial-melting where the fractionation of garnet and/or zircon may be involved. The most probable heat sources provided for the long-lasting volcanisms in the Songliao Basin is the subduction of the Okhotsk plate. 相似文献
9.
10.
Songliao Basin is filled predominantly with continental facies sediments including alluvial fan, fluvial plain, fan delta , lacustrine delta, shore ?shallow lacustrine, beach salty flat, semi - deep to deep lacustrine, subaqueous gravity flow, lacustrine swamp and pyroclastic sediments. However, some event units were formed during lake - marine linking periods of the Mid - Cretaceous in the basin, which include black shales with high values for salinity ( Sr/Ba) , alkalinity (Ca Mg)/ (Si Al) , reducibility ( Ni Zn)/Ga and sulfide sulfur as well as heavy isotopes. The Breitenholz ?section to be represen-ted for facies comparison with the Cretaceous evaporitic series in Northeast China is localized in Southwest Germany. Stratig-raphically it belongs to the Crabfeld Formation of Keuper of the Germanic Triassic corresponding to Ladinian - Camian of the international reference scale, and is generally called Lower Gipskeuper. The Germanic Triassic was deposited in the epiconti-nental(cratonic) central Euro 相似文献
11.
蒙甘青地区白垩纪原型盆地分布特征及盆山格局 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过野外地质调查并结合前人资料,对蒙甘青地区白垩纪原型盆地沉积特征及盆山格局进行了研究。结果表明,白垩纪时期,因受北侧西伯利亚板块、东侧太平洋板块和西南印度板块共同影响,研究区由晚侏罗世的挤压和抬升作用进入松弛拉张裂陷阶段,早白垩世盆地沉降中心较侏罗纪向北迁移,发育了以坳陷和断陷为主的8个大小不一的沉积盆地群。晚白垩世本区受西南部印度板块与青藏高原碰撞对接的强烈影响,沉积盆地逐渐消失,此时沉积中心转移到祁连山东部及阿拉善一带,主要发育了2个沉积盆地群。早白垩世为本区烃源岩形成时期,研究该区白垩纪盆山构造发育及原型盆地沉积特征对寻找以白垩系为烃源岩的油气藏具有重要意义。 相似文献
12.
鄂尔多斯盆地中部上古生界沉积相演化 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
张晓莉 《地球科学与环境学报》2005,27(3):26-29,37
利用钻井资料和地质资料对鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界沉积相演化进行详细的研究。分析了本溪期（海侵）、太原期（海侵扩大）、山西期（海退）、石盒子期（海陆交互）和石千峰期（陆缘湖泊）等5个时期的古地理环境、岩石类型、沉积相类型和平面展布特征。得出这5个时期在盆地内构成了一个海侵海退旋回，形成了从滨浅海相到海陆过渡的三角洲相、河流湖泊相陆源沉积。控制生成了三角洲相分流河道砂砾岩、水下分流河道砂砾岩以及潮坪相砂坝等有利储集岩带，潮坪相发育的煤系地层为烃源岩。上石盒子组洪泛平原形成泥质岩盖层。生油岩和储集岩叠置或互侧式组合关系，形成本区受砂体分布控制的岩性气藏。 相似文献
13.
准噶尔盆地南缘东段油气成藏条件及成藏模式 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
准噶尔盆地南缘东段是准噶尔盆地油气勘探的重点地区。以成盆、成烃和成藏理论为指导,应用盆地分析、有效烃源岩评价、储层(裂缝)预测、盆地模拟及流体包裹体分析等技术和方法,综合研究分析了准噶尔盆地南缘东段油气成藏条件,预测了油气资源潜力,建立了油气成藏模式。研究结果表明,该区发育上二叠统、中上三叠统和中下侏罗统三套烃源岩。最主要的烃源岩层为上二叠统,是油气资源分布的主要层位;主要储集层为柴窝堡区块的上二叠统和米泉区块的中下三叠统及中下侏罗统,其物性较差,总体为较好含气储层,是主要的勘探目的层。存在自源(侧向排烃)、它源(垂向排烃)两类油气成藏模式。柴窝堡区块北部和米泉区块仍然是有利的油气勘探地区。 相似文献
14.
黔西位于扬子板块西南缘,有关扬子板块内约2.5 Ga的岩浆事件记录极少。最近,对黔西赫章发现的石英二长闪长岩的研究表明,其成岩年龄为（2 542±9）Ma,为该区首次发现的新太古代晚期岩石。该岩石主要由斜长石、碱性长石、石英、角闪石、黑云母等矿物组成,具有较高的SiO2（59.2%~60.6%）、Na2O（4.70%~4.85%）质量分数和Na2O/K2O（3.02%~3.19%）比值,以及较低的Al2O3（17.0%~17.7%）、MgO（2.42%~2.61%）质量分数。样品稀土元素总质量分数为120×10-6~221×10-6,（La/Yb）N=8.32~17.98,轻、重稀土元素分异不明显,表现为弱的右倾稀土元素配分模式,并具有弱的Eu负异常。在微量元素蛛网图上,样品富集大离子亲石元素（Ba、Sr）、亏损高场强元素（Nb、Ta、Ti）,具有弱负到正的εHf（t）值（-0.51~+6.93）和正的εNd（t）值（+0.22~+0.88）,与太古宙低铝型高重稀土元素TTG的地球化学性质基本一致。综合研究显示,该岩石可能是在角闪岩相下,下地壳基性岩部分熔融形成的,源区残留相主要为金红石以及斜长石。黔西约2.5 Ga岩石的发现证实了扬子板块西南缘具有新太古代基底的存在,这为扬子周缘新太古代岩浆成因的碎屑锆石研究提供了依据,为扬子板块新太古代地壳演化提供了新的信息。 相似文献
15.
The Jianglangshan Geopark in the western Zhejiang Province of Southeast China is well-known for its spectacular red-colored sandstone landforms. Little is known about the depositional processes of the conglomerate-dominated Fangyan Formation, the lithologic base of the Danxia landforms in this geopark. Based on detailed field investigation of lithology, sedimentary structures, bed thickness and geometry, five facies are recognized: facies A (matrix-supported cobble conglomerate), facies B (pebble conglomerate), facies C (pebbly sandstone), facies D (fine-grained sandstone) and facies E (mudstone). The results show that streamflow-dominated fans were the main depositional processes responsible for the accumulation of the Fangyan Formation along the mountain fronts. These fan conglomerates form the base for the evolution of the Danxia landscapes owing to the uplift and erosion of the study area. In contrast, the fine-grained sedimentary successions produced by fluvial floodplains in the distal part of the fans were thinner and more easily weathered. Such sedimentary facies distribution patterns were thought to be similar during Late Cretaceous across Southeast China. The Danxia landforms are largely the geographical expressions of the conglomerate-dominated redbeds in the proximal-middle fans. 相似文献
16.
胶莱盆地东缘早白垩世早期莱阳群沉积体现了湖盆由开始形成—鼎盛—萎缩消亡的全过程,发育由冲洪积相—湖相—三角洲相—河流相沉积的完整序列,且由东至西,由湖相到河流相逐渐过渡;古水流方向显示莱阳期盆地中心位于朱吴断裂、海阳断裂带之间,以断裂带为界,以西水流方向大致为由NW至SE向,以东水流方向则为由SE至NW向;早白垩世早期莱阳期盆地的形成与演化明显受区域性牟(平)-即(墨)断裂带活动所控制。 相似文献
17.
The Kungurian-Capitanian ( Permian) Zhesi branchiopod fauna is mainly composed of cold-water typed taxa with high diversity and abundance. This fauna is similar with the coeval brachiopod faunas from Timan-Pechora,Svalbard,and Queen Elizabeth Islands of the Boreal Realm,with no real"warm-water"species. Zhesi brachiopod fauna is a cold-water fauna and should be assigned to the Boreal Realm. Considering the paleogeographic characteristics of this fauna and the basic rationale of paleobiogeographic provinces being controlled by latitude-temperate,and that the above areas were located at 50°N 70°N in the global paleoclimate reconstruction map compiled by Boucot et al. ,the paleo-latitude of the southern margin of Jiamusi-Mongolia Block,where developed the Zhesi brachiopod fauna,is suggested ranging from 40°N to 60°N. Zhesi brachiopod fauna is an endemic fauna,containing more than 75% endemic species and self-grouped as a biogeographic province,termed Inner Mongolia Province. These characteristics indicate that this area was closed or semiclosed at that time. On the Jiamusi-Mongolia Block,the Herlen-Jiamusi Old-land as an obvious "continental barrier"hindered the northward migration of the Zhesi brachiopod fauna and the immigration of brachiopod species from other areas. The Tarim plate has collided with the Kazakhstan plate and the western part of South Tianshan-Beishan-Xar Moron Ocean has been closed. At the same time,the western margin of Jiamusi-Mongolia Block was joined with the Tarim plate. The Xar Moron Ocean in south of Jiamusi-Mongolia Block was wide enough and the ocean temperature rose gradually southward,so that it is not suitable for the cold-water brachiopods to survive and thrive on the northern margin of the North China plate. Thus,the ocean with large width and high temperature formed another natural barrier for the southward migration of the cold-water brachiopods. 相似文献
18.
In the Korean Peninsula the Meso-Cenozoic basins were mainly formed due to fault block and block movement. The Mesozoic fracture structures correspond basically to modern large rivers in direction. Such faults were usually developed to rift and formed lake-type tectonic basin, such as the Amrokgang-, Taedonggang-, Ryesonggang-, Hochongang-, Jangphari-, Susongchon-, Pujon-, and Nampho basins. The Mesozoic strata are considered to be divided into the Lower Jurassic Taedong System, Upper Jurassic Jasong System, Upper Jurassic－early Lower Cretaceous Taebo System, and the Upper Cretaceous－Paleocene (Chonjaebong, Hongwon, Jaedok Series) . The Cenozoic block movement succeeded the Mesozoic fault block movement. The Kilju-Myonchon Graben and Tumangang Basin, etc, are the basins related to the fault zones developed from the Oligocene to Miocene. In addition, the Tertiary basins were formed in many areas in the Miocene ( e. g. Sinhung, Oro, Hamhung, Yonghung, Anbyon, Cholwon, etc) . The Cenozoic sedimentation occurred mainly from the late Oligocene to Miocene. The Kilju-Myongchon Graben was the fore deep connected to the sea and the basins inclined in the Chugaryong Fault Zone are intramountain basins. Therefore, coal-bearing beds and clastic rocks in the intramountain basins and rare marine strata and terrigenous clastic rocks are main sedimentary sequences in the Cenozoic. 相似文献
19.
本文介绍了陕南西乡峡口地区上二叠统地层问题,着重研究了其在大巴山西段的发育规律。据其组合类型,可划分出台地相区、台坡相区和台沟相区等三个沉积相区。对长兴期的大隆组与吴家坪组的相变问题,本文则进一步提出:在横向上,它们是同期异相;在纵向上,它们在过渡的台坡相区内表现为大隆组在上,并随着背离台地相区距离的增加,大隆组的厚度比增大。根据(竹蜒)和有孔虫的产出,对晚二叠世地层提出了分带意见,并依据岩性、岩相、古生物以及沉积间断现象存在与否,指出了二叠系与三叠系在台地相区是平行不整合,在台坡或台沟相区是整合的结论。 相似文献
20.
The ophiolite-bearing Bangong-Nujiang zone (BNZ) traversing central Tibet from east to west separates the Qiangtang block in the north from the Lhasa block in the south. The Cretaceous of the area includes Chuanba Formation (K1c), Duoba Formation (K1d), Langshan Formation (K1l) and Jiangba Formation (K2j). The K1c is composed of black shale,sandy pelite, siltstone, sandstone, coal beds and volcanic rocks, of shallow marine facies. The K1d consists of terrestrial siliciclastics intercalated with some calcareous sandstone beds bearing Orbitolina sp. indicating marine influence. The K1j is carbonate platform deposits of shallow marine and lagoon. The K2j is characterized by terrestrial thick massive red conglomerate. An active margin related to B-subduction zone is considered to be the geological setting of the Cretaceous sedimentation. 相似文献