共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 578 毫秒
1.
本文用Harrison-Wheeler物态方程,通过“自洽场方法”,对Einstein场方程和广义相对论流体静力学平衡方程作数值求解,研究了快速旋转致密天体的平衡位形及其某些引力效应。结果表明:其平衡位形是扁的旋转椭球,当角速度大于3.0×10~2/秒时,偏心率和天体质量随角速度的增加而迅速增大,在极限情况下,偏心率可达0.7,质量增大可达10％—35％;旋转引起的天体表面引力红移的差异,光线顺逆旋转方向通过天体表面时的偏转角差异都是相当显著的。 相似文献
2.
韩韬 《紫金山天文台台刊》1994,(4)
在本文中我们得到了慢速运动中两个球对称非旋转天体在辐射作用力影响下的运动方程。此方程相对论改正达到了(v/c)~2、(v/c)~4、(v/c)~5量级。运动方程只依赖于相对论质量,而与天体的内部结构和致密度无直接关系。这意味着运动方程可以应用于象中子星和黑洞一类具有强内引力的天体。 相似文献
3.
IAU 1976天文常数系统中的基础常数 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
对ＩＡＵ１９７６天文常数系统中的基础常数的测定方法进行了评述,指出十个基础常数已发生了许多变化,光速已成为常数,地球赤道半径可用于大地水准面的重力势代替,黄经总岁差需进行修改,章动常数已不能称为基础常数,其它常数也都有了新的测定结果,ＩＡＵ１９７６天文常数系统已跟上不天文学的发展,并存在很大的缺陷,必须进行修订和改进,天文常数的测定方法和理论研究都在迅速发展之中,我们应当关心这个领域的研究。 相似文献
4.
收集了ＢＬ Ｌａｃ天体的有关信息作为前文（Ｆａｎ＆Ｌｉｎ１９９６）的补充,并在文中加入了具有喷流、具有超光速子元和具有高能γ射线辐射的ＢＬ Ｌａｃ天体表。同时在表１ｃ中列出了ＢＬ Ｌａｃ天体的发射线,对偏振度与大幅光变的统计相关在相对论成束框架下给予了解释。 相似文献
5.
收集了ＢＬＬａｃ天体的有关信息作为前文（Ｆａｎ＆Ｌｉｎ１９９６）的补充,并在文中加入了具有喷流、具有超光速子元和具有高能射线辐射的ＢＬＬａｃ天体表。同时在表１ｃ中列出了ＢＬＬａｃ天体的发射线,对偏振度与大幅光变的统计相关在相对论成束框架下给予了解释。 相似文献
6.
IERS1996规范中地球引力势模型和测量模型的改进 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
简要而系统地介绍ＩＥＲＳ１９９６规范采用的地球引力势模型和各种测量模型,着重叙述了其与ＩＥＲＳ１９９２标准相比所作的改进。规范用ＪＧＭ－３地球引力势模型取代ＧＥＭ－Ｔ３模型,在计算地球潮汐形变产生的附加势时展开到３阶,并考虑了地幔的滞弹效应。在测站位移的计算中,规范引入了３倍洛夫数,计及地幔的滞弹性,引入了计算冰后期回弹的ＩＣＥ－４Ｇ模型,列出了改正ＶＬＢＩ观测中天线形变改正的公式。关于地球自转和 相似文献
7.
在收集大量资料的基础上,较为全面的综述了Ｂｌａｚａｒｓ天体的基本观测特征,给出了目前较为完整的ＢＬＬａｃ天体总表。对该类天体的相关理论,多波段相关性,光变周期分析,Ｈｕｂｂｌｅ关系,ＢＬＬａｃ天体的偏振度的变化作了一定研究。并介绍了我们用ＣＣＤ测光和光谱对３Ｃ３４５作准同时性观测的结果,我们讨论了３Ｃ３４５的历史光变曲线和光变周期分析,研究结果表明：３Ｃ３４５具有（１０±０．８）ａ（年）的光变周期,其中心有一个１０６Ｍ⊙的黑洞。Ｊｕｒｋｅｖｉｃｈ方法是一种Ｂｌａｚａｒｓ天体的光变周期分析研究的好方法 相似文献
8.
中科院光学天文联合实验室昆明基地“１ｍ望远镜Ｃｏｕｄé系统观测终端改造”项目于１９９９年４月９日通过台级验收。经测试鉴定,验收组一致认为改造后的Ｃｏｕｄé终端天体光谱图像数据化观测处理系统达到国内先进水平,为天体的高色散分光观测和谱线的精细结构测量分析提供了一套稳定可靠的观测设备。云台１ｍ望远镜Ｃｏｕｄé摄谱仪是从前东德Ｚｅｉｓｓ引进的,于１９８０年６月完成安装调试并投入使用。１９８９年前,该系统一直采用天文照相干板进行分光观测。此后,以谭徽松研究员和赵昭旺高级工程师为主的研制组成功地研制出国内… 相似文献
9.
回顾了1900年以来LAU采用天文常数系统的简况,以及一些天文常数之间的数学关系,并描述了以前每次改变天文常数系统的主要因为.介绍了1991年以来IAU在天文常数方面的工作:包括IAU天文常数工作组和天文常数最佳估计值的情况.叙述了IAU 2009年天文常数系统替代IAU 1976天文常数系统的因为:随着人类对太阳系的探测,获得新的天文常数测定值;1991年以来在相对论框架下BCRS和GCRS的使用;P03岁差模型和MHB2000章动模型的采用.比较了IAU2009和1976天文常数系统的差异.最后介绍中国在天文常数方面工作的情况和今后工作的建议. 相似文献
10.
中国天文学会天文地球动力学和星表与天文常数两个专业委员会于1984年12月3—8日在北京联合举办了天体测量学术年会,参加者有各天文、测地、气象、地震等19个单位的70多名代表。北京天文学会理事长冯克嘉到会讲话,祝贺年会召开。北京天文台台长王绶琯会见了与会代表,表示欢迎。 相似文献
11.
简要地回顾和介绍了IAU时间尺度和参考系的历史和进展，其主要内容：（1）牛顿时空观和相对论时空观，（2）IAU各种时间尺度的历史演变和相互关系；（3）IAU的天文参考系，有关的最新决议,相对论框架下度规及其规范问题，四维时空中的空间1PN坐标变换，也介绍了一些有关工作，阐明了与IAU最新决议稍有不同的观点，指出目前IAU有关决议可能仍存在的某种程度上的不完善。 相似文献
12.
天文地球动力学利用空间与地面观测手段 ,监测和研究地球整体与各圈层的物质运动以及它们间的相互作用 ,这都离不开广义相对论涉及的时间与空间。随着空间对地观测精度的提高 ,为了充分利用高精度观测提供的信息 ,在天文地球动力学的研究中必须考虑相对论效应。所涉及的相对论效应包括 :( 1 )相对论参考系的建立 ,( 2 )在恰当的参考系中对观测者和被观测对象的相对论运动方程 (平动和自转 )的描述 ,( 3 )观测者和被观测对象间的电磁信号传播 ,( 4 )依赖于坐标选择的结果与具有物理意义的可观测量间的转换 ,( 5)某些基本概念与定义在广义相对论框架下的重新确认。本文对天文地球动力学中的这些相对论效应作了简要的评述。 相似文献
13.
Yi Xie 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2014,(9)
With the rapid development of techniques for astronomical observations,the precision of measurements has been significantly increasing. Theories describing astronomical relativistic reference systems, which are the foundation for processing and interpreting these data now and in the future, may require extensions to satisfy the needs of these trends. Besides building a framework compatible with alternative theories of gravity and the pursuit of higher order post-Newtonian approximation, it will also be necessary to make the first order post-Newtonian multipole moments of celestial bodies be explicitly expressed in the astronomical relativistic reference systems.This will bring some convenience into modeling the observations and experiments and make it easier to distinguish different contributions in measurements. As a first step,the global solar system reference system is expressed as a multipolar expansion and the post-Newtonian mass and spin moments are shown explicitly in the metric which describes the coordinates of the system. The full expression of the global metric is given. 相似文献
14.
The systematic differences between the trigonometric parallaxes of the Hipparcos and TGAS catalogues have been investigated using spherical harmonics. The most significant harmonics in the expansion have been determined. The distribution of the parallax difference dispersion in various regions of the celestial sphere has also been studied. The distribution of the rms deviation has the simplest form in the ecliptic coordinate system. 相似文献
15.
Toshio Fukushima Masa-Katsu Fujimoto Hiroshi Kinoshita Shinko Aoki 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1986,38(3):215-230
The relation between the units and readings of time and space coordinates of terrestrial and barycentric reference frames is discussed from the viewpoint of general relativity. Attention is paid to the unit of space coordinates since the International Astronomical Union (IAU) regulates only the unit of time in the above two frames. Two definitions of unit of length are examined and their effects on the numerical expression of coordinate transformation, equations of planetary motions, and those for light propagation time are discussed. A clear conflict is found between the IAU (1976) recommendation on the definition of the time-scales in different frames of reference and the statement that all constants in the IAU (1976) new system of astronomical constants are defined in terms of the Internationsl System of units (SI units). One of the above two definitions is proposed to resolve this conflict by the least alteration to current procedures for analysing the recent astrometric observations such as the radar/laser rangings, the range and range-rate, and the very long baseline interferometric observations. Also, an interpretation of numerical values in the IAU (1976) new system of astronomical constants is presented. It is stressed that the definition proposed in this paper requires that a formula slightly different from that in current use be employed in the numerical transformation of readings of coordinates between the terrestrial and barycentric reference frames. 相似文献
16.
Jin-He Tao 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2006,302(1-4):93-98
This article applies a new scheme of the first post-Newtonian theory (Damour et al., 1991–1994) to the problem of gauge in
relativistic reference systems. Choosing and fixing gauge are necessary when the precision of time measurement and application
needs to reach the 2PN level (10−16 or better). We present a general method for fixing the gauges of both the global and local coordinate systems, and for determining
the expressions of gravitational potentials and coordinate transformations. The results relevant are consistent with the newest
IAU resolutions, therefore they can be applied to astronomical practice. 相似文献
17.
叙述了1990年7月至1993年1月期间中国的星表和天文常数工作。它包括仪器的改进与研制,星表的观测和编算,天文常效、天球参考系的研究,以及其相应的方法与技术. 相似文献
18.
Since 1984, the new IAU (1976) System of Astronomical Constants has become effective; meanwhile, the new lunar and planetary ephemerides (DE200/LE200) have been introduced into the Astronomical Almanac. In order to obtain the best fit of these ephemerides to the observational data, some modifications to the constants were made (Kaplan 1961). The modified values of these constants have been accepted by many users (particularly in the Merit Project), (Melbourne et al. 1983), although there has not been any new resolution of IAU. To avoid these inconsistencies, it seems to be necessary to rediscuss the adopted value of some astronomical constants in the new system. This paper discusses the problems for selection of the precession quantities and derives the precession expressions based on the motion of ecliptic from the DE ephemeris. 相似文献
19.
B. P. Kondratyev 《Solar System Research》2013,47(3):147-158
The Moon’s physical libration in latitude generated by gravitational forces caused by the Earth’s oblateness has been examined by a vector analytical method. Libration oscillations are described by a close set of five linear inhomogeneous differential equations, the dispersion equation has five roots, one of which is zero. A complete solution is obtained. It is revealed that the Earth’s oblateness: a) has little effect on the instantaneous axis of Moon’s rotation, but causes an oscillatory rotation of the body of the Moon with an amplitude of 0.072″ and pulsation period of 16.88 Julian years; b) causes small nutations of poles of the orbit and of the ecliptic along tight spirals, which occupy a disk with a cut in a center and with radius of 0.072″. Perturbations caused by the spherical Earth generate: a) physical librations in latitude with an amplitude of 34.275″; b) nutational motion for centers of small spiral nutations of orbit (ecliptic) pole over ellipses with semi-major axes of 113.850″ (85.158″) and the first pole rotates round the second one along a circle with radius of 28.691″; c) nutation of the Moon’s celestial pole over an ellipse with a semi-major axis of 45.04″ and with an axes ratio of about 0.004 with a period of T = 27.212 days. The principal ellipse’s axis is directed tangentially with respect to the precession circumference, along which the celestial pole moves nonuniformly nearly in one dimension. In contrast to the accepted concept, the latitude does not change while the Moon’s poles of rotation move. The dynamical reason for the inclination of the Moon’s mean equator with respect to the ecliptic is oblateness of the body of the Moon. 相似文献
20.
Chang-Sheng Shi College of Material Science Chemical Engineering Hainan University Hainan China Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy Astrophysics Nanjing University Nanjing 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2011,(11)
We discuss the modes of the Alfve'n waves in the accretion disk with a toroidal magnetic field in black hole low mass X-ray binaries in a rotating frame.By solving the perturbed general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic equations in the rotating frame,we find two stable modes of the Alfve'n wave which are the same as those in the fiducial observer frame.This gives a feasible way to transform between the two different frames,which validates the possible Alfve'n wave modes in the accreting celestial bodies wit... 相似文献