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《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》2016,(0)
磁屏蔽系统是被动型氢原子钟的重要组成部分,它的好坏直接影响到物理系统输出信号的具体数值,表现为氢钟抵御外界磁场干扰的能力。通过仿真较为直观地展示并分析了特定磁屏蔽系统在特定外界磁场环境中的工作情况,并且通过原理分析,仿真了在使用特定退磁工艺时磁场在磁屏蔽上的分布情况。根据仿真结果建立了模型,探索了适应于被动型氢原子钟的退磁方法,及相应的结构设计。该方法贴合被动型氢钟磁屏蔽材料的特性,使得退磁工艺的设计有针对性。 相似文献
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张为群 《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》1997,(18):209-213
氢脉泽量子振荡器中(F=1,mF=0)→(F=0,mF=0)跃迁是与磁场方有关的,所以希望将外磁场在储存泡处的影响降低到最小。最可行的办法是采用磁屏蔽。实验证明紧凑、同轴柱形的磁屏蔽最有效。本文将给出氢脉泽磁屏蔽的设计考虑与性能测定要求。 相似文献
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《天文研究与技术》2020,(3)
星载氢原子钟具有频率稳定度高、频率漂移率低的优点,在卫星导航定位和频率计量中得到了广泛应用。星载氢原子钟的腔泡系统用于实现氢原子的量子跃迁及其信号采集,原子跃迁信号幅度直接决定了系统的信噪比,进而影响整机性能指标,所以腔泡系统是星载氢原子钟的核心组件。目前,星载氢原子钟腔泡系统主要采用直螺线管来产生原子跃迁所需的C场。由于星载氢原子钟物理部分的结构限制,直螺线管的磁场均匀度有进一步提高的空间。探讨使用多段线圈代替直螺线管用于产生C场的可行性。首先对多段线圈产生的磁场进行理论分析计算,同时使用ANSYS电磁场仿真软件对多段线圈的各项参数进行仿真和优化,包括各段长度、段数、间距以及匝数、内径和总长度等。然后优选磁场均匀度较好的线圈配置参数,可将C场的非均匀度由直螺线管约10%降低到多段线圈约1%。根据仿真优化结果建立了试验九段线圈,对比测试了原子跃迁信号增益,同时结合电路部分进行闭环测试,对频率稳定度指标进行了对比。实验结果表明,原子跃迁信号可有效提升,阿伦方差在中短稳(1~1 000 s)表现更好。此项工作为星载氢原子钟整机性能指标的进一步提升打下了基础。 相似文献
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Coronal Magnetic Flux Rope Equilibria and Magnetic Helicity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1 INTRODUCTIONObservations show that the magnetic helicity of solar magnetic structures has a predominantsign in each hemisphere of the Sun, positive in the southern hemisphere and negative in thenorthern, regardless of the solar cycle (Rust, 1994). The magnetic helicity is strictly conservedin the frame of ideal MHD (WOltjer, 1958), and approximately conserved in the presence ofresistive dissipation and magnetic reconnection in a highly conductive plajsma (Taylor, 1974;Berger, 1984; H… 相似文献
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A. V. Mordvinov 《Solar physics》2007,246(2):445-456
A comparative analysis of solar and heliospheric magnetic fields in terms of their cumulative sums reveals cyclic and long-term
changes that appear as a magnetic flux imbalance and alternations of dominant magnetic polarities. The global magnetic flux
imbalance of the Sun manifests itself in the solar mean magnetic field (SMMF) signal. The north – south asymmetry of solar
activity and the quadrupole mode of the solar magnetic field contribute the most to the observed magnetic flux imbalance.
The polarity asymmetry exhibits the Hale magnetic cycle in both the radial and azimuthal components of the interplanetary
magnetic field (IMF). Analysis of the cumulative sums of the IMF components clearly reveals cyclic changes in the IMF geometry.
The accumulated deviations in the IMF spiral angle from its nominal value also demonstrate long-term changes resulting from
a slow increase of the solar wind speed over 1965 – 2006. A predominance of the positive IMF B
z
with a significant linear trend in its cumulative signal is interpreted as a manifestation of the relic magnetic field of
the Sun. Long-term changes in the IMF B
z
are revealed. They demonstrate decadal changes owing to the 11/22-year solar cycle. Long-duration time intervals with a dominant
negative B
z
component were found in temporal patterns of the cumulative sum of the IMF B
z
. 相似文献
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Jin-LinHan RichardWielebinski 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2002,2(4):293-294
Magnetic fields are observed everywhere in the universe. In this review, we concentrate on the observational aspects of the magnetic fields of Galactic and extragalactic objects. Readers can follow the milestones in the observations of cosmic magnetic fields obtained from the most important tracers of magnetic fields, namely, the star-light polarization, the Zeeman effect, the rotation measures (RMs, hereafter) of extragalactic radio sources, the pulsar RMs, radio polarization observations, as well as the newly implemented sub-mm and mm polarization capabilities. The magnetic field of the Galaxy was first discovered in 1949 by optical polarization observations. The local magnetic fields within one or two kpc have been well delineated by starlight polarization data. The polarization observations of diffuse Galactic radio background emission in 1962 confirmed unequivocally the existence of a Galactic magnetic field. The bulk of the present information about the magnetic fields in the Galaxy comes from anal 相似文献
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A. Reisenegger 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2007,328(10):1173-1177
Neutron stars contain persistent, ordered magnetic fields that are the strongest known in the Universe. However, their magnetic fluxes are similar to those in magnetic A and B stars and white dwarfs, suggesting that flux conservation during gravitational collapse may play an important role in establishing the field, although it might also be modified substantially by early convection, differential rotation, and magnetic instabilities. The equilibrium field configuration, established within hours (at most) of the formation of the star, is likely to be roughly axisymmetric, involving both poloidal and toroidal components. The stable stratification of the neutron star matter (due to its radial composition gradient) probably plays a crucial role in holding this magnetic structure inside the star. The field can evolve on long time scales by processes that overcome the stable stratification, such as weak interactions changing the relative abundances and ambipolar diffusion of charged particles with respect to neutrons. These processes become more effective for stronger magnetic fields, thus naturally explaining the magnetic energy dissipation expected in magnetars, at the same time as the longer-lived, weaker fields in classical and millisecond pulsars. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
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In our previous work on the 3-dimensional dynamical structure of planetary nebulae the effect of magnetic field was not considered. Recently Jordan et al. have directly detected magnetic fields in the central stars of some planetary nebulae. This discovery supports the hypothesis that the non-spherical shape of most planetary nebulae is caused by magnetic fields in AGB stars. In this study we focus on the role of initially weak toroidal magnetic fields embedded in a stellar wind in altering the shape of the PN. We found that magnetic pressure is probably influential on the observed shape of most PNe. 相似文献
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太阳和天体物理吸积盘中的场是一种空间间歇的磁流。在整个太阳上都可发现这种间歇磁流片,其中光球上90%以上的磁流呈现为强场形态,其强度为0.1-0.2T,大小为50-300km;在吸积盘中,已知脉动磁场比宏观磁场强几个数量级。磁场的重联湮灭,导致在薄电流片区形成小尺度的磁环胞以及同涨的横等离激元。磁流和等离激元之间的非线性相互作用引起自类似塌缩,形成更为空间间歇的塌缩的磁环元胞。而横等离激元诱发的自生磁场具有调制不稳定性,导致磁场塌缩,形成高度间歇的磁流。分别在磁流力学和等离子体动力论两种情况下,分析了这种磁塌缩不稳定性,并用于解释太阳上的间歇磁流以及寻求天体物理吸积盘中的反常粘滞。 相似文献
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Jianke Li & Dayal T. Wickramasinghe 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,300(3):718-732
The role of an external magnetic field in the magnetic braking of a star with a dipolar field is investigated. In a magnetic cataclysmic variable system (i.e. the primary compact star has a strong magnetic field), the field external to the braking star (a late-type main-sequence star with a dynamo-generated field) originates from the compact star. A closed field region — the system dead zone — is formed within the binary system, and it does not take part in magnetic braking. The overall braking rate depends on the extent of this region and of the open flux, and is dependent on centrifugal effects. In the case of two interacting dipoles, the dipole orientations relative to the spin axes and to each other are found to be important, leading to different amounts of open flux and therefore of magnetic braking, owing to different centrifugal effects on closed field regions. However, in circumstances consistent with observations and dynamo theory, the white dwarf's field reduces the magnetic braking of the secondary significantly, a finding qualitatively similar to the results previously obtained for two anti-aligned dipoles perpendicular to the orbital plane. In the cases where the two dipole axes are not perpendicular to the orbital plane, but are inclined in the plane that links them, the 'cut-off' in magnetic braking is less abrupt, and this effect is more obvious as the inclinations increase. Only in the extreme cases when the two dipole axes are aligned in the orbital plane does the braking increase with white dwarf field strength. We conclude that detailed evolutionary modelling of AM Herculis systems needs to take account of the inclination effect. 相似文献
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K. Subramanian 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2010,331(1):110-120
We give a pedagogical introduction to two aspects of magnetic fields in the early Universe. We first focus on how to formulate electrodynamics in curved space time, defining appropriate magnetic and electric fields and writing Maxwell equations in terms of these fields. We then specialize to the case of magnetohydrodynamics in the expanding Universe. We emphasize the usefulness of tetrads in this context. We then review the generation of magnetic fields during the inflationary era, deriving in detail the predicted magnetic and electric spectra for some models. We discuss potential problems arising from back reaction effects and from the large variation of the coupling constants required for such field generation (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献