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1.
针对双星定位系统的近地卫星联合定轨中的多源观测数据的融合处理问题,建立了同质观测数据的二步系统误差修正的改进的方差分量估计最优加权方法;分析指出异质观测数据的多源融合测量模型本质为多结构多参数的非线性回归模型,建立了异质观测数据的模型结构特征分析和方差分量估计相结合的最优加权方法.设计了两类观测数据最优加权及联合定轨参数估计的实现算法,并以双星及备份星的距离和同质观测数据以及双星距离和与星敏感器测角的异质观测数据为例,进行了联合定轨仿真实验.理论分析和仿真计算结果表明;对于同质观测数据联合定轨,采用二步系统误差修正的方差分量估计法,可以获得比传统的经验加权算法更优的定轨精度;对于异质观测数据联合定轨,通过引入表征模型结构特征的加权因子,与平均加权方式相比,近地卫星及静地卫星的联合定轨精度均得到一定程度的改善. 相似文献
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不同导航系统中卫星的形状、材料、轨道设计和姿态控制模式等都不相同,在进行多系统数据联合处理时,要获得高精度的卫星轨道,需要区别对待不同类型卫星的姿态模型和光压模型。作为导航卫星所受量级最大的非保守力,国内外许多研究是围绕光压模型的建立与精化等方面来开展,以便建立最合适的模型,从而获取更高的定轨精度。目前的研究表明,新的Galileo以及北斗卫星采用与之前不同的姿态控制模式,适用的光压模型也不同。总结了目前比较通用的导航卫星姿态模型,尤其是官方最新公布的北斗卫星的姿态模型,详细介绍了卫星光压模型研究进展和近几年来新发射卫星光压模型以及其先验模型的构建方法,并分析了各个模型的优缺点和适应性。通过对目前导航卫星姿态以及光压模型的分析,提出在更高精度的定轨任务中有待改进的问题,为导航卫星尤其是新发射导航卫星精密定轨中的光压和姿态模型的选择和建立提供参考。 相似文献
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区域卫星导航系统采用混合星座设计,GEO(地球同步轨道)卫星是系统的重要组成部分,其精密定轨技术也是导航系统的关键技术之一。GEO卫星的高轨特性致使地面跟踪基线长度有限,定轨几何条件不佳;其静地特性致使卫星轨道与钟差存在强相关特性,对于基于伪距的GEO卫星定轨模式,需要星地与站间时间同步技术的支持。因此,如何利用区域卫星导航系统的多种测量技术实现多模式、多层次的导航卫星精密定轨,是一项值得深入研究的课题。 相似文献
4.
在基于星敏感器的航天飞行器的自主天文导航中,星图识别是关键技术之一。将改进的HD距离算法用于星图识别,避免了由于个别星体出现较大噪声,以及流星等干扰星出现时发生误匹配的问题。在匹配时利用了星图的全部空间结构信息,具有强的抗星敏感器畸变、噪声和旋转能力,同时也不需要复杂的特征提取算法。仿真实验显示它具有较高的实用价值。 相似文献
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对中俄联合火星星-星电离层掩星技术体制进行了分析和介绍,采用三维射线追踪方法对电离层掩星事件的电波观测值进行了模拟计算,并利用模拟的掩星观测数据进行了电子密度廓线反演,结果说明仿真算法可靠.利用仿真的方法,分别对掩星电波相位观测误差和卫星轨道误差等带来的反演误差进行了个例计算和分析,结果得到:5%周的相位测量误差对白天电离层掩星探测结果的影响可以忽略,而夜间电子密度测量的绝对误差小于4×108 m-3;卫星轨道误差对掩星的主要影响是导致电离层高度抬升或下降.结果表明,中俄联合火星电离层掩星探测技术体制先进,可望获得高精度的电子密度廓线;其技术体制也可以用于月球电离层环境的探测. 相似文献
6.
用非差分方法确定单颗导航卫星的轨道 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在导航系统中有时需要对单颗导航卫星进行定轨.此时由于无法组成常用的同历元单差或双差以消除卫星钟差或接收机钟差,有必要发展新的定轨策略和精度分析.该文以GPS为例,讨论在不依赖于星站间时间同步的情况下,对单颗导航卫星进行精密定轨.首先分析了GPS卫星钟差以及GPS接收机钟差的特性,发现在一定间隔内钟差主要表现为线性变化,而在去除这一线性项后,非线性钟差在3 m以内.利用GPS的伪距对单颗卫星定轨,在将钟差的主要部分作为测距的偏差和偏差变化率后,伪距测量量等价于常见的测距测量量.在利用等价的测距测量量定轨时可同时解算出偏差和偏差变化率参数.为验证该方案的可行性及其定轨精度,利用实测GPS观测数据进行了试验.结果表明,此种定轨方案定轨的径向精度优于4 m.考虑到GPS接收机的频率信号是由普通的晶振产生的,如果地面接收机采用原子钟提供的频率标准,其钟差的非线性部分将更小.模拟计算表明,采用本方案可以期望得到更高的定轨精度. 相似文献
7.
地球定向参数(Earth orientation parameters, EOP)是地球参考系到地心天球参考系之间转换的桥梁,是卫星精密定轨过程中不可缺少的重要参数。以国际地球自转服务(International Earth Rotation Service, IERS)和中国科学院上海天文台(Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,SHAO)提供的EOP参数为例,分析了北斗三号仅区域网观测模式和星地星间联合观测模式下的定轨精度与EOP预报误差间的关系。研究表明,对于IERS提供的产品,其预报误差对仅区域站定轨模式的定轨精度影响较小,但是其10 d内的预报误差对星地星间联合定轨模式定轨精度的影响可达到分米级。对于SHAO提供的产品,两种定轨模式的定轨精度均随着EOP预报天数的增大而逐渐衰减。除此之外,不同产品的星地星间联合定轨模式下定轨精度均小于仅区域网监测下的定轨模式下的定轨精度,表明星间链路的加入可以降低卫星定轨对EOP预报误差的依赖。该研究对区域观测条件下的卫星精密定轨工程实现具有重要意义。 相似文献
8.
针对地基卫星测控系统(Tracking Telemetry and Command, TT&C)系统对地球静止轨道(Geostation-\lk ary Earth Orbit, GEO)卫星在空间和时间覆盖上的局限性, 提出小倾角低地球轨道(Low Earth Orbit, LEO)多星组网天基平台对GEO卫星进行跟踪定轨的方法. 根据空间环境和光学可视条件对仿真数据进行筛选以模拟真实的观测场景, 利用光学测角数据, 使用数值方法对GEO卫星的轨道进行确定. 结果与参考轨道进行重叠对比, 在平台轨道精度5 m、测量精度5rq\rq、 定轨弧长12 h的情况下, 两颗LEO卫星对GEO卫星进行跟踪定轨的精度可达到千米量级, 4颗LEO卫星对GEO目标进行跟踪定轨的精度可达到百米量级. 随着LEO组网卫星数量的增加, 定轨精度得到了较大的提高. 相似文献
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10.
我国低轨道卫星定轨精度分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
朱文耀 《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》1998,(19):58-67
针对高度在250－350km的三颗低轨道卫星,根据我国现有的卫星跟踪网和跟踪技术（雷达测距和多普勒测速）等观测条件,利用模拟方法估计和分析了各种误差源对定轨精度的影响,并对能达到的定轨精度进行了恰如其分的估计。 相似文献
11.
This review considers theoretical work leading to the actual knowledge of the motions of all planetary satellites, except the Moon. It covers recent calculations of inequalities of satellites' motions and the determination of their orbits on the basis of existing observational data. The results are presented and some of them discussed in views of possible future developments. 相似文献
12.
Yoshihide Kozai 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1981,23(4):365-370
In this paper dynamical characteristics of satellites are outlined by classifying the satellites into three categories according to the values of the solar tidal factor (n/n)2 which is the disturbing factor due to the sun and the oblateness factor of the primary planetJ
2/a
2. For inner satellites (n/n)2 is much smaller thanJ
2/a
2 and there are several pairs among them, for which the mean motions are commensurable to each other, and for some of them secular accelerations in the mean longitudes have been detected. For outer satellites (n/n)2 is much larger and the solar perturbations are dominant. For intermediary satellites the motion of the pole of the orbital plane is not so simple as those of the satellites of the other categories. 相似文献
13.
14.
ZHOU Shan-shi HU Xiao-gong LIU Li HE Feng TANG Cheng-pan PANG Jun-yang 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2019,43(4):479-492
In the form of satellite ephemerides and clock parameters, the space datum and system time information of one global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is transferred to users. With the continuous updating in the satellite payload such as the high-precision atomic clock, the monitoring and tracking technique such as the inter-satellite link, and in the data processing technique, the accuracy and real-time performance of the satellite ephemeris and clock error products are steadily improved. Starting from December 27th, 2018, the BeiDou Navigation System 3, or BDS-3, has provided the accurate and reliable basic positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) service for the users in the countries within the “one belt and one road”. This paper has summarized the faced challenges of the precise orbit determination and time synchronization from the regional BDS-2 system to the BDS-3 global system, and the specific solutions at the control segment. In addition, this paper has compared the BDS with other GNSS systems in terms of technical characteristics. Finally, aiming at a higher accuracy and more reliable PNT service, the road map of precise orbit determination and time synchronization technique for the next generation navigation systems is discussed, which will provide a reference for developing the global navigation satellite systems with an even higher accuracy. 相似文献
15.
《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2020,44(1):105-118
In the form of satellite ephemerides and clock parameters, the information of space datum and system time of one global navigation satellite system (GNSS) is transferred to users. With continuously updating of satellite payload such as high precision atomic clocks, monitoring and tracking techniques such as inter-satellite links, and data processing techniques, the accuracy and real-time performance of satellite ephemerides and clock products are steadily improved. Starting from December 27th, 2018, BeiDou Navigation System 3, or BDS-3 has been providing accurate and reliable basic positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) services to users in the countries within the “one belt and one road”. This paper summarizes the challenges of precise orbit determination and time synchronization faced and specific solutions sought from the regional BDS-2 system to BDS-3 global system at the control segment. It is interesting to compare BDS with other GNSS systems in terms of technical characteristics. Finally, aiming at higher accuracy and more reliable PNT services, a road map of precise orbit determination and time synchronization technique for next generation navigation systems is discussed, which will lead to better and better global navigation satellite systems. 相似文献
16.
Jerry K. Cline 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1979,19(4):405-415
A two body, patched conic analysis is presented for a planetary capture mode in which a gravity assist by an existing natural satellite of the planet aids in the capture. An analytical condition sufficient for capture is developed and applied for the following planet/satellite systems: Earth/Moon, Jupiter/Ganymede, Jupiter/Callisto, Saturn/Titan and Neptune/Triton. Co-planar, circular planetary orbits are assumed. Three sources of bodies to be captured are considered: spacecraft launched from Earth, bodies entering the solar system from interstellar space, and bodies already in orbit around the Sun. Results show that the Neptune/Triton system has the most capability for satellite aided capture of those studied. It can easily capture bodies entering the Solar System from interstellar space. Its ability to capture spacecraft launched from Earth is marginal and can only be decided with better definition of physical properties. None of the other systems can capture bodies from these two sources, but all can capture bodies already in orbit around the Sun under appropriate conditions. 相似文献
17.
We report the results of searches for outer satellites of Pluto and Mars, carried out with the Hale 5-m telescope in 1999 and 2001, respectively. No new satellites were found down to limiting magnitudes of mR=25.0 at Pluto and mV∼22 at Mars, corresponding to diameters of 35 and 1 km, respectively, for an assumed geometric albedo of 0.07. A faint trans-neptunian object, 1999 LB37, was discovered in the Pluto fields; given the depth of our survey, discovery of one such object in the background Kuiper belt is in reasonable agreement with expectations. 相似文献
18.
B. D. Tapley B. E. Schutz R. J. Eanes 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1985,37(3):247-261
Satellite laser ranging (SLR) provides an important capability for precise orbit determination and for geophysical parameter estimation to support a number of contemporary geodynamic and oceanographic investigations. The precision of the SLR measurement has improved from the early meter-level systems to the current capabilities of a few centimeters for the best systems. The accuracy of the orbits and geophysical parameter recovery have shown an associated improvement. Polar motion with accuracies of 2 mas, station coordinates better than 10 cm, and interstation baseline rates indicative of tectonic motion are determined routinely with the current set of global SLR data. This discussion reviews the SLR measurement, analysis approach, and some of the recent results derived from the current SLR data set. 相似文献
19.
模拟研究卫-卫跟踪中星间隔的选择问题 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
从两要从两个方面讨论了低轨卫星在做卫-卫跟踪(SST)观测时,星间隔的选择问题．1)用地球重力位系数作为扰动量,比较该扰动引起的不同间隔的SST星间距离和速度变化大小．2)用随机误差为1μm／s的星间速度变化作为模拟观测量,恢复不同间隔的地球重力位系数,并做精度评估．两种结果表明,适当增大SST间隔对求解重力场有利,但无限制增大无实际意义,对于选定高度为420km卫星,在作SST观测时,星间隔不宜超过690km,此模拟方法及结果对我国确定重力卫星指标有着重要意义． 相似文献