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1.
A spectroscopic investigation of a quiescent prominence has been performed: the line profiles of the H and K lines have been carefully determined in all regions of the prominence where these emissions are likely to originate in optically thin layers. Therefore we have been able to study the electron temperature T e and the microturbulent velocity in the outer parts of the prominence. We find that on the average, T e = 5700 K (Figure 1) and = 6.7 km s-1 (Figure 2) which are in very good agreement with classical data. Figure 3 represents the radial velocity measurements and Figure 4 the ratio of the total intensity of H to K lines. Thus the prominence we have observed does not show for T e and the regular increase outward which has been described by Hirayama (1971). On the other hand increases towards the Equator, in the dynamically active part of the prominence, which could indicate that represents the effect of macroturbulence rather than microturbulence (Kawaguchi, 1966). In this part of the prominence only the K line is in emission and the average value of the microturbulence is 9.4 km s-1, the radial velocity is also generally increasing. At last, according to the absolute intensities of the H and K lines, the electron density in the outer layers of the prominence is no more than 1 × 1010 cm-3.  相似文献   

2.
The spectrum of the peculiar Bp star HD 36916 has been studied on plates with dispersion 9.7 A/mm and compared with those of Aur, B3V andi And, B8V. A comparison of the observed contours of H, H and of the Balmer discontinuity D with those computed by Mihalas gives the following results: HD 36916: e=0.347, logg=3.8;i And: e=0.383, logg=3.2; Aur: e=0.302, logg=3.6. HD 36916 presents the characteristics of the Si-4200 stars: strong deficiency in helium and probably also in oxygen and nitrogen, strong excess of silicon and strontium; 3984 Hgii is present. Moreover this star also has characteristics which are not common to Si-4200 stars but rather to Mn stars: excess by a factor of ten of the elements of the iron group and an excess larger, probably of the order of 100, for manganese. The star is a member of the Sword subgroup of the Orion association.  相似文献   

3.
Calculations of the acoustic energy generation for helium-rich composition show that the maximum acoustic energy generation is located around 12000 K at logg=4 and 15000 K at logg=6. The author's suggestion in his last paper that a helium star Sgr may have a corona seems to be justified. X-ray from a corona around a helium star is strongest when the physical parameters of the star are logg6 andT e15000 K. But the total energy flux is too small to account for the observed X-ray sources.Presented at the Trieste Colloquium on Mass Loss from Stars, September 12–16, 1968.  相似文献   

4.
A detailed abundance analysis of the Hg–Mn star And is carried out with the method of fine analysis based on high-dispersion spectrograms obtained at the Haute Provence Observatory. In the derivation of effective temperature, we have considered the spectral energy distribution from far UV to the near IR, the line blanketing in the UV region and the reddening of And. The observed energy distribution, manganese ionization equilibrium and hydrogen-line profiles indicate that the atmosphere can be represented by a model withT eff=13850350 K, logg=3.850.15 (in CGS) and with =3.00.5 km s–1. Our analysis shows that the abundances of C and Si are normal; Mg, S, and Fe slightly overabundant; and P, Mn, Ga, Sr, Y, Zr, Eu, and Hg are considerably overabundant by 2.02, 2.68, 5.48, 1.13, 3.70, 3.35, 4.40, and 6.02 dex, respectively, relative to the solar values. A comparison of our abundances with those by others shows large discrepancies.A discussion of the atmospheric structure of And suggests that the star has a circumstellar envelope, and that there is some contribution to the observed spectrum from that envelope.On leave of absence from the Dept. of Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey.  相似文献   

5.
Analytic structure of high-density steady isothermal spheres is discussed using the TOV equation of hydrostatic equilibrium which satisfies an equation of state of the kind:P = K g , = g c 2.Approximate analytical solutions to the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equations of hydrostatic equilibrium in (, ), (,U) and (u, v) phase planes in concise and simple form useful for short computer programmes or on small calculator, have been given. In Figures 1, 2, and 3, respectively, we display the qualitative behaviours of the ratio of gas density g to the central density gc , g / gc ; pressureP to the gc ,P/ gc ; and the metric componente –, for three representative general relativistic (GR) isothermal configurations =0.1, 0.2, and 0.3. Figure 4 shows the solution curve (, ) for =0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 (=0 represents the classical (Newtonian) curve). Numerical values of physical quantitiesv (=4r 2 P *(r)), in steps ofu (=M(r)/r)=0.03, and the mass functionU, in steps of =0.2 (dimensionless radial distance), are given, respectively, in Tables I and II. Other interesting features of the configurations, such as ratio of gravitational radius 2GM/c 2 to the coordinate radiusR, mass distributionM(r)/M, pressure (or density) distributionP/P c , binding energy (B.E.), etc., have also been incorporated in the text. It has further been shown that velocity of sound inside the configurations is always less than the velocity of light.Part of the work done at Azerbaijan State University, Baku, U.S.S.R., and Mosul University, Mosul, Iraq, 1985-1986  相似文献   

6.
This paper reports on the numerical determination of families of periodic oscillations in the case =0.000 95 of the restricted problem. The families emanating out of the collinear Lagrangian pointsL 1,L 2,L 3 are examined as well as some asymmetric periodic oscillations related to them. An effort is made to complete the global picture of simple-periodic symmetric oscillations in the present case of the problem (the S-J case). This is done by examining the orbits with initial conditions such that the infinitesimal body starts from a position on the 1-axis (02 = 0) with a negative initial velocity perpendicular to this axis . In a previous article this investigation has been carried out for negative values of 01, where the position of the small primary defines 1=0. Now we proceed to consider orbits with 01>0. The phase portrait of asymmetric periodic orbits is also examined.  相似文献   

7.
The Mount Wilson coarse array magnetograph data set is analyzed to determine characteristics of magnetic regions as a function of distance from the average latitude, 0, of regions in each hemisphere, a quantity which varies during the activity cycle. Regions with normal polarity axis orientations are distributed asymmetrically about 0 with the median latitude about 1 deg equatorward of 0. Reversed polarity orientation regions show a somewhat broader and more symmetric distribution. Average sizes for regions at = 0 ( 0) are nearly twice as large as those located at 10 deg latitude in either direction. Regions poleward of 0 tend to show a net magnetic field biased toward the following polarity, and regions equatorward of 0 are biased toward the leading polarity, both by around 10%. Neither region growth rates nor decay rates are related to . The average polarity axis tilt angles of regions are lower for regions near the equator than for those nearer the poles. It is most likely that this is basically an effect of latitude rather than . Meridional motions of young regions are shown to be toward 0. Older regions do not show this behavior. This may be a magnetic effect rather than being due to large-scale circulatory motion, as has been suggested in the past. East-west inclination angles of active region magnetic fields show a slight tendency to trail the rotation direction (eastward inclination) by a few deg for regions with 0> 0 and lead the rotation (westward inclination) by a few deg for regions with 0 > 0. This effect may be related to the torsional oscillations. These various results are discussed in terms of a hypothetical subsurface magnetic flux tube which gives rise to the surface activity.Operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under Cooperative Agreement with the National Science Foundation.  相似文献   

8.
Two hyades giant stars, and Tau, have been studied from an analysis of strong line profiles. We get for Tau,T e =4750K and logg=2.7, and for Tau,T e =4700K and logg=2.8. Hydrogen-to-metal ratio for the two stars is nearly the same as that of solar value.  相似文献   

9.
The observational data analysis indicates that the star is enveloped into a nebula considerably stretched along the equatorial plane. Vega is a star with B9.5IV-V characteristics withT e =10.105±230 K andR=2.69±0.25R. The cover deforms energy distribution in Vega spectrum. As a result, the energy from with distribution corresponding to an A0V star is imitated in the direction towards the observer.  相似文献   

10.
Hong Wei Li 《Solar physics》1986,104(1):131-136
The variations of the growth rates of ECM at first four harmonics in X-, Z-, and O-modes excited by a hollow beam distribution of weakly relativistic electrons with a parameter p / e are presented in this paper. The results show that the second harmonic of ECM in X-mode dominates the instability if < 1, and if 1.2 , 2 or 2.2 3 the third or fourth harmonic will dominate. The second and third harmonics of Z-mode waves grow faster only if 2 2.2 and 3 3.2, respectively, so it would not be a competition in most cases. It is suggested that the ECM emission at these harmonics in X-mode is a possible mechanism to produce solar spike emissions with high brightness temperature at shorter and longer decimetric wavelengths.Proceedings of the Workshop on Radio Continua during Solar Flares, held at Duino (Trieste), Italy, 27–31 May, 1985.On leave from the Department of Astronomy, Nanjing University, Nanjing, The People's Republic of China.  相似文献   

11.
Digitized Mount Wilson sunspot data from 1917 to 1985 are analyzed to examine meridional motion and rotation properties as a function of latitude and distance () from the average latitude of activity (0) in each hemisphere. Latitude dependence similar to previous results is found, but only for spot groups whose areas are decreasing from one day to the next. A previous study of active region magnetic fields, using this technique of motions as a function of the average latitude of activity, had shown meridional motions on average toward 0. In this analysis of spot data some evidence is seen for motion away from 0, with some slight evidence for faster rotation equatorward of 0 and slower motion poleward of 0, similar to the torsional oscillation phenomenon. For reasons that are not clear, both of these effects are significantly more pronounced for sunspot groups whose areas are decreasing.Operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under Cooperative Agreement with the National Science Foundation.  相似文献   

12.
Various methods are explored for obtaining regularized solutions of the severely ill-posed Laplace inversion problem involved in deriving plasma temperature (T) structure (differential emission measure(T)) from bremsstrahlung spectra. Inversions of simulated data show that zero-order regularisation (Tikhonov regularisation inL 2 space) is very unsatisfactory even with weighting, while first-order regularisation (Tikhonov regularisation in Sobolev space) yields reasonable results.The method is applied to a high-resolution hard X-ray flare spectrum observed by Lin and Schwartz (1987) and yields a positive solution for(T) showing that a purely thermal interpretation is possible for that event. The form of(T) found has two broad features: one peaking at around 107 K and falling off steeply toward 2 × 108 K; a second spread around a peak near 4.5 × 108 K. The interpretation of such(T) in terms of plasma heating and conductive flux is discussed in terms of plasma heat fluxes and heating rates. For 1-D geometry, the distribution of the plasma heating rateH(T) per unit volume is inferred from(T) in the limits of classical diffusive conduction and of saturated heat flux, the former being relevant atT below around 5 × 107 K and the latter at much higherT. We find there exists a maximum inH(T) around 2 × 108 K, a fact which may be important for energy release theories.  相似文献   

13.
Résumé On étudie les spectres des spicules observés simultanément dans les raies K et D3 en fonction du temps et de l'altitude (2000<h<5000 km). Les mesures de la variation de l'intensité centrale I 0 avec l'altitude, sont données dans le Tableau I. On donne des résultats comparatifs concernant l'énergie émise E k et E D3.La Figure 1 représente les variations de la largeur à mi-intensité des profils d'émission, (L) en fonction du temps et la Figure 2 en fonction de la hauteur.La classification des spicules en deux groupes: profil large (LW) et profil étroit (LN) a été confirmée. Il y a 2 fois plus de spicules LW que LN, la durée de vie des LN étant <2,5 min. Le Tableau II donne les valeurs moyennes de la largeur réduite L/.A l'aide des valeurs L, on détermine la microturbulence () dans les spicules en fonction de la hauteur (Figure 3, pour la raie K). La turbulence de la raie D3 est donnée dans un tableau dans le texte. Les résultats sont en bon accord. L'interprétation de ces résultats suggère que la microturbulence a deux composantes 0 et e. Pour les LN on a 0 seul pour les LW on a 0 + 0, où 0 est la turbulence au centre des spicules à l'endroit du champ magnétique fort (Figure 4a) et 0 est la turbulence vers l'extérieur des spicules LW, là où le champ est faible (Figure 4b).
We study in this paper the spectra of spicules on the solar limb observed simultaneously in the K and D3 lines in terms of time and altitude (2000<h<5000 km). The measures of the variation of the central intensity I 0 with the altitude are given in Table I. We are also giving comparative results concerning the energy emitted EK and ED3 (Section 4).For different spicules, Figure 1 represents the variations of the total width at half intensity (L) of the emission profiles in terms of time and Figure 2 in terms of height.The classification of spicules in two groups: wide profile (LW) and narrow profile (LN) has been confirmed. There are approximately twice as many LW spicules as LN, the lifetime of LN spicules seems to be <2.5 min. Table II gives the average values of L/.With the help of L values, we can determine the microturbulence () in the spicules in function of the height (Figure 3, for the K line). The turbulence of the D3 line is given in a table in the text (Section 5.3). The results of both lines are concordant and the interpretation which we suggest (Section 5.4) is that the microturbulence has, generally speaking, two components 0 and 0. For the LN we have 0 alone, and for the LW we have 0 + e, 0 being the turbulence at the center of spicules where the magnetic field is strong (Figure 4a), whereas the e is the turbulence towards the exterior of the LW spicules, where the magnetic field is weak (Figure 4b).
  相似文献   

14.
The radial velocity, intensity variations of the Caii line and chemical composition of the suspected magnetic star HD 151 199 have been studied using three 9.6 A/mm and twenty-one 40 A/mm dispersion spectrograms which were taken at St. Michel and Asiago Observatories respectively. The radial velocity and the intensity of the Caii K line suggest a variation with a 6.143 day period. The range is about 40 km/sec for the radial velocity and the K line changes in intensity by 50%. Preliminary results of the photometric data in the Geneva system show a similar trend of variation in (B 2–B 1) with the same period. H and H contours and the Balmer discontinuity give eff=0.50 and logg=4. The most probable microturbulence is found to be 6.4 km/sec. The excitation temperature, exc=0.50, is derived from the Fe lines and adopted for the other elements as well. A quantitative analysis by curve of growth and weighting function method, using Mihalas and Conti's atmospherical models was made. HD 151 199 shows an overabundance of Ca, Sr, Ba, by factors of 2, 40, and 5 with respect to 30 L Mi. Euii is probably overabundant also but it is not possible to give this element a numerical value. The other elements seem to be normal.  相似文献   

15.
A model of a first generation intermediate star of 5M , with Z=0 has been considered. The model is at an advanced stage of its evolution and has a double shell burning. It burns helium in the inner shell, and hydrogen, via CNO cycle, in the outer shell. =(log/log) T and T =(log/logT) were computed allowing for the oscillations of the relative mass abundance of the reagents in nuclear reactions. Including =(log/log) T and =(log/logT) of mean molecular weight and the effect of the oscillations of abundances due to nuclear reactions, stability was studied. Contrary to the results of the static calculations, we found that instability due to the excitation mechanism provided by the high temperature sensitivity of energy generation rate propagates up to the surface. Thus the model in question was found to be unstable against radial adiabatic pulsations, in its fundamental mode.  相似文献   

16.
This paper discusses the methods used to analyse and interpret X-ray filtergrams obtained by solar soft X-ray telescopes such as the S-056 Skylab instrument. First, an appropriate definition of the line-of-sight emission measure L(T) is developed, and it is shown how the X-ray data may be analysed to obtain an approximation to L(T). The accuracy of this approximation is severely limited by the mathematical ill-conditioning of the problem, and additional constraints on the solutions must be imposed through the use of a specific model of the coronal region under study. Such a model is also required for the proper interpretation of the results in terms of coronal plasma processes. Examples of such models are provided and the forms of L(T) derived from them compared with other, semi-empirical forms.The filter ratio method (a simplified form of analysis in which the region under study is assumed isothermal) is discussed. It is shown that in the presence of line-of-sight temperature gradients, the values of effective temperature and emission measure yielded by this method cannot be directly related to the physical state of the plasma and so are of little utility in the study of coronal processes.Now at: Institute for Plasma Research, Stanford University, Via Crespi, Stanford, Calif. 94305, U.S.A.  相似文献   

17.
The aim of the present paper is to prove that the system of partial differential equations, which define a set of curvilinear coordinates , , that are orthogonal to the Roche equipotentials (r, , ) incorporating the effects of both rotationaland tidal distortion, does not admit of any formal integrals; and can be solved only numerically in an asymptotic manner. This fact is related with analytic properties of the problem of three bodies, in which represents the potential.  相似文献   

18.
The radial velocities of the star BM Ori are determined from spectra obtained by the HST and IUE satellites, as well as from spectra obtained with the BTA telescope. An analysis of this data shows that the radial velocities of the main star and its satellite experience an irregular positive shift by 20-30 km/s. This fact can only be interpreted in terms of the presence of yet another star in the binary system. The new observations have made it possible to significantly improve the accuracy of the spectroscopic elements of the orbit of the close binary system and to estimate the orbital characteristics of the third body. The preliminary values of the elements are: Ep=JD2444744, P=1302d, =11km/s, e=0.92, K=20km/s, and =1.6rad.  相似文献   

19.
The Goldberg-Unno method is analysed. Accounting for the instrumental profile correction reduces the derived microturbulent velocities only slightly. A similar effect may be caused by an unresolved macroturbulence. The method of accounting for the damping effect is considered. The correction for the influence of the damping effect does not change substantially the general trend of the variation of t with 0. The microturbulent velocity t is reduced appreciably.An attempt to analyse the microturbulent velocities by the Goldberg-Unno method under deviation from LTE is made.The main conclusion is that the Goldberg-Unno method, especially in its modified form, is valid and useful.  相似文献   

20.
Pre-Main-Sequence contracting objects, post-Main-Sequence expanding stars and mass-losing components of semi-detached systems all occupy more or less the same region in the conventional H-R-diagram. We make a transformation to variables (logL) and (logT e), where is the difference between the observed quantity, logL or logT e, and the value of that quantity which a star of the same mass would have on the empirical Main Sequence. It is demonstrated that a plot between the new variables clearly separates the mass-losing stars from other objects which is essentially an effect of the increasing abundance of helium relative to hydrogen.Paper presented at the Lembang-Bamberg IAU Colloquium No. 80 on Double Stars: Physical Properties and Generic Relations, held at Bandung, Indonesia, 3–7 June, 1983.  相似文献   

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