共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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针对太赫兹波段天文点源目标较少, 指向测量相对困难的特点, 研究了利用与太赫兹天线共轴的小型光学望远镜来辅助太赫兹望远镜指向测量以及建立指向误差修正模型的方法. 依托紫金山天文台1.2 m斜轴式太赫兹天线开展了光学辅助指向测量的实验研究, 利用一台安装在天线背架上的100mm口径折射式光学望远镜获得了优于2$''$的指向测量精度. 此外, 通过对斜轴天线的结构分析以及大气折射和本地恒星时(Local Sidereal Time, LST)偏差等误差来源的分析, 建立了包含23个误差项的斜轴式光学指向修正模型, 实现了约3$''$的拟合精度. 最后, 借助高精度数字摄影测量对光电轴一致性进行了标定, 并针对其对指向模型精度的影响进行了讨论. 研究成果将为南极5 m太赫兹望远镜(The 5m Dome A Terahertz Explorer, DATE5)及其他太赫兹望远镜提供指向测量和指向修正模型方面的技术参考. 相似文献
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《天文学报》2017,(4)
基于天线轨道不平度对望远镜指向的影响机理,测量并分析采用整体焊接轨道技术后的乌鲁木齐南山26 m射电望远镜(NanShan Radio Telescope,NSRT)天线轨道误差的分布情况及对指向的影响,从而对指向模型进行修正.采用移动最小二乘法(Moving Least-Squares,MLS)将测得的天线轨道高度差拟合成一个闭合的轨道高度分布曲线,确定因轨道不平度影响的天线方位轴偏差,对比实测天线座架变形的方位轴偏差,发现二者具有较强的相关性.考虑到天线座架重力变形的偏差包含南北向和东西向偏差,建立新的指向偏差模型进行校正.最后通过对已知校准射电源进行扫描测量,将指向偏差数据进行拟合.结果表明:新建的指向修正模型能够抑制已知指向模型偏差中的正弦分量,从而说明所建模型很好地反映了天线的指向偏差并对偏差具有一定修正作用. 相似文献
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指向校准与副面调焦是天线测量的重要组成部分,对射电望远镜实际的观测性能有重要影响.根据南极5 m太赫兹望远镜(DATE5)指向精度和离焦增益损失的指标要求,计算得到了指向校准与副面调焦观测过程中对信噪比的要求,并以此为依据选取了若干可行的候选校准源,包括太阳系行星和超致密电离氢区.分析了大气吸收和校准源角直径对测量精度的影响.仿真分析结果表明:望远镜在南极工作时,这些校准源在一定的高度角范围内可以提供足够强的流量密度,用来验证预先建立的太赫兹和光学望远镜两光轴指向偏差模型以及副面调焦模型. 相似文献
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TM65 m射电望远镜指向模型的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《天文学报》2015,(2)
介绍了建立上海天文台天马65 m射电望远镜(简称TM65 m)指向模型的过程.采用"十字扫描"的方法对单点数据进行采集,采用带有高斯项和非线性项的曲线模型进行偏差拟合,并对单点扫描过程中源角径导致的波束展宽量进行了仿真分析,通过使用射电源预报来提高建立模型的效率.用最小二乘法对全天区数据进行拟合,得出了8个天线参数的指向模型,并在实际中验证,最后建立了TM65 m望远镜X波段指向模型.盲指误差达到12.36角秒,满足了X波段及以下波段的指向要求. 相似文献
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指向精度是大型射电望远镜天线具有挑战性的关键技术指标.在望远镜运行中,方位俯仰角的变化、重力以及日照等对副面撑杆的综合影响会引起望远镜的副面位姿改变从而引起指向误差的增加和天线效率的降低.基于天马65 m射电望远镜,使用位置传感器装置(PSD)法构建了副面位置偏移量测定系统,可以实时采集副面的3维位移数据,构建重力模型,将测试结果与射电法构建的现有副面模型进行对比,有较好的一致性.此外,该系统可以分析日照(引起撑腿局部温度效应)引起的副面位移情况,也可以监视风载和瞬时启停对副面位姿的影响. 相似文献
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采用球面几何的方法推导轴系位置误差对地平式望远镜指向、跟踪精度影响的计算模型.介绍2米级地平式望远镜轴系误差检测及数据处理方法.通过对目标星体指向、跟踪仿真,得到轴系位置误差对指向、跟踪精度影响规律,为轴系精度及轴系位置要求提供理论依据,并为后续控制修正提供参考模型. 相似文献
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LIU Xuan Aili Yusup Xiang Bin-bin Wang Cong-si XU Qian Wang Jun 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2018,42(3):462-474
According to the influence mechanism of the antenna track irregularity on the telescope pointing accuracy, the distribution of the track errors and their influence on the pointing of the Urumqi Nanshan 26 m telescope are reanalyzed after the antenna track was reformed by using the whole-body welding technology, and hereby the pointing error model is correspondingly revised. By using the moving least-squares method, the measured height errors of the antenna track plane are fitted with a closed curve, and the tilt of the antenna azimuth axis caused by the track irregularity can be determined accordingly. Comparing it with the measured deviation of the antenna azimuth axis caused by the deformation of antenna pedestal, it can be found that both deviations are strongly correlated. A new pointing error model is established in view of the gravity deformation of antenna pedestal, which includes the north-south and east-west components, as well as the antenna track irregularity. Finally, by scanning a known calibration radio source at different positions in the sky, the measured pointing errors are fitted with the new pointing error model. The result shows that the sinusoidal component of the model error can be well constrained by the new pointing correction model, indicating that the new model can reflect very well the antenna pointing error, and can amend it to a certain extend. 相似文献
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为了提高射电天线的目标跟踪精度,采用直接法推导了射电天线轴系误差对指向的影响,并给出轴系误差指向改正模型的完全表达式,明确了指向改正模型中各轴系参数的定义,传统分项以及球谐函数所推导的轴系误差项为该模型的简化形式.基于此,评估得出基本参数改正模型中,因忽略轴系误差高次谐项而引起的指向精度损失可能达到1′′量级,具体需结合轴系误差大小而定;同时明确了基本参数改正模型(如22项指向模型)中与轴系误差有关的部分高次谐项系数的物理意义.为高精度轴系误差指向改正模型的建立提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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Kang Hao-ran Zuo Ying-xi Lou Zheng He Qian-ru 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2019,43(1):101-113
Pointing calibration and sub-reflector focusing are an important task of antenna measurement, which significantly contributes to the observational performance of a radio telescope. According to the requirements on the pointing accuracy and defocusing gain loss of the 5 m Dome A Terahertz Explorer (DATE5), this paper has derived the requirements of signal-to-noise ratio for the pointing and sub-reflector focusing calibration observations, and selected several astronomical radio sources suitable for the pointing and focusing calibrations at the terahertz waveband in Antarctica, which include planets and ultra-compact HII regions. The effects of the atmospheric absorption and the source angular diameter on the accuracy of calibration measurements are analyzed. Simulations show that when the telescope operates in Antarctica, these sources can provide sufficient flux densities for verifying the pre-established pointing model and focusing model. 相似文献
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射电天线指向精度通常要求小于主波束宽度的1/10, 对于短厘米波段或毫米波段的大口径反射面天线, 指向精度要求高达几个角秒, 对于天线性能目标的实现是个巨大的挑战, 因此对于大口径高频段的反射面天线来说指向问题成为天线性能实现的重要关注焦点. 在众多影响天线指向精度的结构子系统因素中, 对主反射面变形因素的研究很少. 文章结合天线的结构特点建立了反射面空间坐标系统, 并基于变形后主面点的空间坐标值, 提出了3自由度下的非线性最小二乘吻合的方法去精准预测天线指向. 最后利用空间几何关系严格推导出了服务于天线指向误差修正的俯仰和方位的精确调整量, 从而构建了主面变形同指向误差之间的间接关系, 这对大型射电天线指向精度的提升具有一定的指导意义. 相似文献
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MEI Geng-jun XIANG Bin-bin WANG Na WANG Zhao-jun 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2021,45(2):236-251
The pointing accuracy of a radio telescope is usually less than one-tenth of its antenna beam width. For large-aperture antennas at the short-centimeter band or millimeter-wave band, the pointing accuracy must be as high as several arc seconds. Therefore, for large-diameter and high-frequency reflector antennas, the pointing problem has become an important focal point to realize the antenna performance. Among many structural subsystem factors that affect the antenna pointing accuracy, there has been only less study on the factor of main reflector deformation. Based on the structural characteristics of the antenna, a reflector space coordinate system is established in this paper. And based on the space coordinates of the main reflector surface points after deformation, a non-linear least squares fitting method with 3 degrees of freedom is proposed to accurately predict the antenna pointing. Finally, the space geometric relationship is used to strictly derive the precise adjustments on the elevation and azimuth in order for correcting the antenna pointing error, and the indirect relationship between the main reflector deformation and the pointing error is constructed. This has certain guiding significance for improving the pointing accuracy of large radio antennas. 相似文献
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A new calibration model for pointing a radio telescope that considers nonlinear errors in the azimuth axis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A new calibration model of a radio telescope that includes pointing error is presented, which considers nonlinear errors in the azimuth axis. For a large radio telescope, in particular for a telescope with a turntable, it is difficult to correct pointing errors using a traditional linear calibration model, because errors produced by the wheel-on-rail or center bearing structures are generally nonlinear. Fourier expansion is made for the oblique error and parameters describing the inclination direction along the azimuth axis based on the linear calibration model, and a new calibration model for pointing is derived. The new pointing model is applied to the 40 m radio telescope administered by Yunnan Observatories, which is a telescope that uses a turntable. The results show that this model can significantly reduce the residual systematic errors due to nonlinearity in the azimuth axis compared with the linear model. 相似文献