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1.
H. Alinejad 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2011,331(2):611-618
The effects of dust charge fluctuations and deviations from isothermality of electrons are incorporated in the study of nonlinear
dust ion-acoustic waves. Deviations from isothermality of electrons are included in this model as a result of nonlinear resonant
interaction of the electrostatic wave potential with electrons during its evolution. The basic properties of stationary structures
are studied by employing the reductive perturbation method, and conditions for the formation of small but finite amplitude
dust ion-acoustic solitary waves in the space dusty plasma situations are clearly explained. It is shown that a more depletion
of the background free electrons owing to the attachment of these electrons to the surface of the dust grains during the charging
process can lead to the formation of solitary waves with smaller amplitude. Furthermore, effects of the dust charge fluctuation
and deviations from isothermality of electrons show a non-uniform behavior for the amplitude of solitary waves in transition
from the Boltzmann electron distribution to a trapped electron one. It is also found that the dust charge fluctuation caused
by trapped as well as free electrons is a source of dissipation, and is responsible for the formation of the dust ion-acoustic
shock waves. 相似文献
2.
H. Alinejad 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2010,325(2):209-215
For an unmagnetized collisionless electron–positron–ion plasma, the effects of trapped and non-thermal electron distributions
are incorporated in the study of arbitrary amplitude ion-acoustic solitary structures. Both highly and weakly analyses are
examined by deriving an energy integral equation involving the Sagdeev potential for the large amplitude limit, and obtaining
the non-linear partial-differential equations for the small but finite amplitude limit. It is shown that there exist ion-acoustic
solitary waves with qualitatively different structures in a way that depend on the population of trapped and non-thermal electrons.
In the presence of trapped electrons, fully non-linear analyses show that plasma can support only arbitrary amplitude compressive
solitary waves. On the other hand, a consideration of the fast or non-thermal electron distribution provides the possibility
of the coexistence of large amplitude compressive and rarefactive solitary waves, whereas both of them are decoupled in the
small amplitude limit. It is found that the effects of such electron distributions and positron concentration change the maximum
values of the Mach number and the amplitude for which solitary waves can exist. Furthermore, the non-thermally distributed
electrons provide a KdV equation in the small amplitude limit, whereas the trapped electrons give rise to a modified KdV equation
which exhibits a stronger non-linearity. 相似文献
3.
The purpose of the present work is to investigate some nonlinear properties of the dust ion-acoustic (DIA) solitary waves in a four-component hot-magnetized dusty plasma consisting of charged dust grains, positively charged ions and two-temperature isothermal electrons. Applying a reductive perturbation theory, a nonlinear Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation for the first-order perturbed potential and a linear inhomogeneous KdV-type equation for the second-order perturbed potentials are derived. Stationary solutions of these coupled equations are obtained using a renormalization method. A method based on energy consideration is used to obtain a condition for stable solitons. The effects of two different types of isothermal electrons, external oblique magnetic field, concentration of negatively (positively) charged dust grains and higher-order nonlinearity on the nature of the DIA solitary waves are discussed. The numerical results are applied to Saturn's E-ring. 相似文献
4.
H. Alinejad 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2010,327(1):131-137
A theoretical investigation of the one dimensional dynamics of nonlinear electrostatic dust ion-acoustic (DIA) waves in an
unmagnetized dusty plasma consisting of ion fluid, non-thermal electrons and fluctuating immobile dust particles has been
made by the reductive perturbation technique. The basic features of DIA solitary and shock waves are studied by deriving the
Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) and KdV Burger equations, respectively. It is shown that the special patterns of nonlinear electrostatic
waves are significantly modified by the presence of the non-thermal electron component. In particular, the rarefactive solitary
and shock structures are found with smaller amplitude in comparison to the isothermal case. The transition from DIA solitary
to shock waves is also studied which is related to the contributions of the dispersive and dissipative terms. It is found
that the dust charge fluctuation is a source of dissipation, and is responsible for the formation of the dust ion-acoustic
shock waves. Furthermore, the dissipative effect becomes important and may prevail over that of dispersion as the population
of non-thermal electrons present decreases. The present investigation may be of relevance to electrostatic solitary structures
observed in many space dusty plasma, such as Saturn’s E-ring. 相似文献
5.
A Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation with a linear Landau damping term describing weakly nonlinear and weakly dispersive ion-acoustic
waves in an electron-positron-ion plasma is derived. It is found that the Landau damping causes the solitary wave amplitude
to decay with time. It is also found that in absence of Landau damping, both linear wave phase velocity and solitary wave
amplitude decrease with the increase of positron density, whereas, both increase with the increase of positron temperature.
On the other hand, the Landau damping rate decreases with the increase of both positron density and temperature. 相似文献
6.
H. Alinejad 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2012,337(1):223-229
A theoretical investigation is developed to study the existence, formation and basic properties of arbitrary amplitude dust
ion-acoustic solitary potentials in a dusty plasma consisting of warm ions, trapped electrons and immobile negative (positive)
dust particles. It is found a definite interval for the Mach number for which solitary waves exist and depend sensitively
on the ion temperature and negative (positive) dust concentration. In addition, the effects of ion temperature, two oppositely
charged dust species and resonant electrons on the shape of the solitary waves are also investigated extensively. For both
cases of negative and positive dust grains, the effect of ion temperature is found to be destructive for the formation of
localized structures. Further, the amplitude of the solitary structures decreases (increases) with the increase in the negative
(positive) dust concentration. 相似文献
7.
In high-speed solar wind, propagating Alfvén waves can be transferred into fast magnetosonic waves. When both the magnetic field strength and Alfvén wave velocity approach zero, fast magnetosonic waves will be transferred into ion-acoustic waves. As the phase velocity of ion-acoustic waves is slightly greater than the thermal velocity of protons, the turbulence energy of ion-acoustic waves can largely be absorbed by protons and can cause the mean temperature of protons to be greater than that of electrons by stochastic turbulence heating of ion-acoustic waves for protons. 相似文献
8.
John Z. G. Ma 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2010,330(1):87-94
By employing a self-similar, two-fluid MHD model in a cylindrical geometry, we study the features of nonlinear ion-acoustic
(IA) waves which propagate in the direction of external magnetic field lines in space plasmas. Numerical calculations not
only expose the well-known three shapes of nonlinear structures (sinusoidal, sawtooth, and spiky or bipolar) which are observed
by numerous satellites and simulated by models in a Cartesian geometry, but also illustrate new results, such as, two reversely
propagating nonlinear waves, density dips and humps, diverging and converging electric shocks, etc. A case study on Cluster
satellite data is also introduced. 相似文献
9.
S. A. El-Tantawy N. A. El-Bedwehy S. Khan S. Ali W. M. Moslem 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2012,342(2):425-432
Arbitrary amplitude ion-acoustic solitary waves propagating in a magnetized plasma composed of positive ions, superthermal electrons and positrons are investigated. For this purpose, the ions are represented by the hydrodynamical fluid equations while the non-Maxwellian electrons and positrons densities are assumed to follow kappa (κ) distribution. The basic equations are reduced to a pseudoenergy-balance equation. Existence conditions for large amplitude solitary waves are presented. The analytical and numerical analysis of the latter show that the ion-acoustic solitary wave can propagate only in the subsonic region in our plasma system and it is significantly influenced by the plasma parameters. The present analysis could be helpful for understanding the nonlinear ion-acoustic solitary waves propagating in interstellar medium and pulsar wind, which contain an excess of superthermal particles. 相似文献
10.
The longitudinal fast solitary waves induced by weakly relativistic positron showers of astrophysical origin are studied in a plasma system contaminated with some massive impurities in presence of superthermal effects. The superthermal effects are due to the high energy electrons. The impurities are dust corpuscles with positive and negative charges. It is noticed that increase in the kappa parameter of electrons and relativistic streaming factor of weakly relativistic positron shower, negative dust concentration invoke an enhancement in the strength of solitary wave. On the other hand increase in the shower’s temperature as well as positive dust concentration diminish the solitary hump strength. It is worth to mention that only hump type compressive fast solitary waves are predicted by our model, for the given set of plasma parameters, because the convective coefficient of the nonlinear governing equation for solitary wave remains positive in considered regime of interaction for plasma and positron shower. Our calculations in linear regime predict both the fast and slow positron shower induced longitudinal, electrostatic perturbations. Our results may be of importance in understanding the nonlinear propagation of waves in doped astrophysical superthermal plasmas with relativistic positron showers. 相似文献
11.
12.
H. Alinejad 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2013,345(1):85-90
The combined effects of the obliqueness and nonextensive electrons are incorporated in the study of ion-acoustic (IA) solitary waves in a magnetized electron-positron-ion (e-p-i) plasma. The nonlinear Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation is derived by using the reductive perturbation method. The plasma parameters such as, the degree of nonextensivity, obliqueness, positron concentration and temperature ratio are found to significantly affect the solitary waves characteristics. Also, a critical value of nonextensivity is found for which solitary structures transit from positive to negative potential. Our finding contributes to the physics of the nonlinear electrostatic excitation in astrophysical and cosmological scenarios like magnetosphere, polar cups region of pulsars, neutron stars and white dwarfs, etc., where magnetized e-p-i plasma can exist. 相似文献
13.
The KdV equation is derived for weakly nonlinear ion-acoustic waves in an unmagnetized warm dusty plasma with electron inertia.
It has been shown that the inclusion of electron inertia and pressure variation of the species not only significantly modifies
the basic features (width and amplitude) of dust ion-acoustic solitions, but also introduces a new parametric regime for the
existence of positive and negative solitons. 相似文献
14.
Properties of fully nonlinear electron-acoustic solitary waves in an unmagnetized and collisionless electron-positron-ion plasma containing cold dynamical electrons, superthermal electrons and positrons obeying Cairns’ distribution have been analyzed in the stationary background of massive positive ions. A linear dispersion relation has been derived, from which it is found that even in the absence of superthermal electrons, the superthermal positron component can provide the restoring force to the cold inertial electrons to excite electron-acoustic waves. Moreover, superthermal electron and positron populations seem to enhance the electron acoustic wave phase speed. For nonlinear analysis, Korteweg-de Vries equation is obtained using the reductive perturbation technique. It is found that in the presence of positron both hump and dip type solitons appear to excite. The present work may be employed to explore and to understand the formation of electron acoustic soliton structures in the space and laboratory plasmas with nonthermal electrons and positrons. 相似文献
15.
Dean F. Smith 《Solar physics》1980,66(1):135-148
Requirements for the number of nonthermal electrons which must be accelerated in the impulsive phase of a flare are reviewed. These are uncertain by two orders of magnitude depending on whether hard X-rays above 25 keV are produced primarily by hot thermal electrons which contain a small fraction of the flare energy or by nonthermal streaming electrons which contain > 50% of the flare energy. Possible acceleration mechanisms are considered to see to what extent either X-ray production scenario can be considered viable. Direct electric field acceleration is shown to involve significant heating. In addition, candidate primary energy release mechanisms to convert stored magnetic energy into flare energy, steady reconnection and the tearing mode instability, transfer at least half of the stored energy into heat and most of the remaining energy to ions. Acceleration by electron plasma waves requires that the waves be driven to large amplitude by electrons with large streaming velocities or by anisotropic ion-acoustic waves which also require streaming electrons for their production. These in turn can only come from direct electric field acceleration since it is shown that ion-acoustic waves excited by the primary current cannot amplify electron plasma waves. Thus, wave acceleration is subject to the same limitations as direct electric field acceleration. It is concluded that at most 0.1% of the flare energy can be deposited into nonthermal streaming electrons with the energy conversion mechanisms as they have been proposed and known acceleration mechanisms. Thus, hard X-ray production above 10 keV primarily by hot thermal electrons is the only choice compatible with models for the primary energy release as they presently exist. 相似文献
16.
A parametric survey on the propagation characteristics of the dust ion-acoustic (DIA) shock waves showing the effect of nonextesivity with nonextensive electrons in a dissipative dusty plasma system has been carried out using the reductive perturbation technique. We have considered continuity and momentum equations for inertial ions, q-distributed nonextensive electrons, and stationary charged dust grains, to derive the Burgers equation. It has been found that the basic features of DIA shock waves are significantly modified by the effects of electron nonextensivity and ion kinematic viscosity. Depending on the degree of nonextensivity of electrons, the dust ion-acoustic shock structures exhibit compression and rarefaction. The implications of our results would be useful to understand some astrophysical and cosmological scenarios like stellar polytropes, hadronic matter and quark-gluon plasma, protoneutron stars, dark-matter halos, etc., where effects of nonextensivity can play the significant roles. 相似文献
17.
A. N. Kryshtal S. V. Gerasimenko A. D. Voitsekhovska O. K. Cheremnykh 《Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies》2014,30(3):147-154
We study the process of occurrence of “quasi-mode” decay instability of kinetic Alfven waves (KAW) in the chromosphere of a solar active region before a flare, namely, in plasma of magnetic loops near their footpoints. The decay of a primary KAW into a kinetic ion-acoustic wave and a secondary KAW was considered as a specific type of three-wave interaction. Necessary conditions for the KAW decay instability occurrence were found for two semiempirical models of the solar atmosphere with the use of a modified expression for the growth rate of instability in the case of nonlinear interaction of low-frequency waves with an abnormally low excitation threshold. It was shown that the main criteria for the development of this instability significantly depend on the amplitude of external magnetic field in the region under study as well as on a model of the solar atmosphere. 相似文献
18.
Linear and nonlinear analysis of low frequency magnetoacoustic waves propagating at an angle θ with the ambient magnetic field are investigated in dense electron-positron-ion (e-p-i) plasmas using the quantum magnetohydrodynamic
(QMHD) model. In this regard, a quantum Kadomtsev-Petviashvili-Burgers (KPB) equation is derived in the small amplitude limit.
The stability of KPB equation is also presented. The variation of the nonlinear fast and slow magnetoacoustic shock waves
with the positron concentration, kinematic viscosity, obliqueness parameter θ, and the magnetic field, are also investigated. It is observed that the aforementioned plasma parameters significantly modify
the propagation characteristics of two dimensional nonlinear magnetoacoustic shock waves in dissipative quantum magnetoplasmas.
The relevance of the present investigation with regard to dense astrophysical environments is also pointed out. 相似文献
19.
This article presents the first study of the head-on collision of two ion-acoustic solitary waves (IASWs) in magnetized plasmas with nonextensive electrons and positrons using the extended Poincaré-Lighthill-Kuo (PLK) method. The effects of the ion gyro-frequency to ion plasma frequency ratio, the positron to ion number density ratio, the electrons temperature to positrons temperature ratio, and the nonextensive parameter q on the phase shifts are investigated. It is shown that these factors significantly modify the phase shifts. 相似文献
20.
Fully nonlinear features of heavy ion-acoustic solitary waves (HIASWs) have been investigated in an astrophysical degenerate relativistic quantum plasma (ADRQP) containing relativistically degenerate electrons and non-relativistically degenerate light ion species, and non-degenerate heavy ion species. The pseudo-energy balance equation is derived from the fluid dynamical equations by adopting the well-known Sagdeev-potential approach, and the properties of arbitrary amplitude HIASWs are examined. The small amplitude limit for the propagation of HIASWs is also recovered. The basic features (width, amplitude, polarity, critical Mach number, speed, etc.) of HIASWs are found to be significantly modified by the relativistic effect of the electron species, and also by the variation of the number density of electron, light ion, and heavy ion species. The basic properties of HIASWs, that may propagated in some realistic astrophysical plasma systems (e.g., in white dwarfs), are briefly discussed. 相似文献