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1.
日冕是太阳大气活动的关键区域,是日地空间天气的源头.受观测限制,对日冕低层大气等离子体结构和磁场状态的研究非常欠缺,国际上对于可见光波段日冕低层大气的亮度分层研究很少.利用丽江日冕仪YOGIS(Yunnan Green-line Imaging System)的日冕绿线(FeⅩⅣ5303?)观测资料,对内日冕区域(1.03R☉-1.25R☉,R☉表示太阳半径)亮结构及其中冕环进行了有效的强度衰减分析.对亮结构的强度在太阳径向高度上进行了指数衰减拟合,比较这些拟合结果发现所得到的静态内冕环的衰减指数在一固定值附近.然后将比较明显的冕环提取出来,通过对不同高度的绿线强度进行指数拟合,得出的衰减指数与亮结构中也比较相近,这对进一步研究日冕中的各项物理参数演化提供了参考. 相似文献
2.
对于足点被日面边缘遮挡住的耀斑的观测研究是诊断日冕硬X射线辐射的一个重要方法.通过统计分析RHESSI (Reuven Ramaty High-Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager)卫星观测到的71个此类耀斑硬X射线源发现,前人提出的两类源,即日冕X射线辐射中热辐射与非热辐射源区空间分离较小的源和分离较大的源,在能谱、成像、光变曲线以及GOES持续时间等方面都没有显著的区别,其中辐射区的面积、耀斑总热能以及GOES持续时间与分离距离之间有很好的相关性.这些结果支持近年来提出的一些耀斑统一模型.同时也表明Masuda耀斑只是一类非常特殊的事件,不具有日冕硬X射线辐射的一般特征. 相似文献
3.
动力学阿尔文波是垂直波长接近离子回旋半径或者电子惯性长度的色散阿尔文波.由于波的尺度接近粒子的动力学尺度,动力学阿尔文波在太阳和空间等离子体加热、加速等能化现象中起重要作用.因此,动力学阿尔文波通常被认为是日冕加热的候选者.本研究工作深入、系统地调研了太阳大气中动力学阿尔文波的激发和耗散机制.基于日冕等离子体环境,介绍了几种常见的动力学阿尔文波激发机制:温度各向异性不稳定性、场向电流不稳定性、电子束流不稳定性、密度非均匀不稳定性以及共振模式转换.还介绍了太阳大气中动力学阿尔文波的耗散机制,并讨论了这些耗散机制对黑子加热、冕环加热以及冕羽加热的影响.不仅为认识太阳大气中动力学阿尔文波的驱动机制、动力学演化特征以及波粒相互作用提供合理的理论依据,而且有助于揭示日冕等离子体中能量储存和释放、粒子加热等能化现象的微观物理机制. 相似文献
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5.
详细分析了一次太阳低层大气磁场重联触发的喷流事件.这次喷流发生在2014年8月1日,爆发自美国国家海洋和大气管理局(National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA)活动区12127边缘的一个卫星黑子处.该喷流爆发包括日浪、紫外喷流、极紫外高温和低温喷流.大熊湖太阳天文台(Big Bear Solar Observatory,BBSO)的Goode Solar Telescope (GST)高分辨率氧化钛(TiO)谱线的光球观测显示,喷流爆发过程中,卫星黑子一直衰减.到喷流结束,卫星黑子面积共减少了80%.在此过程中,太阳动力学天文台(Solar Dynamics Observatory, SDO)日球磁场成像仪(Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager, HMI)的视向磁场观测表明,该卫星黑子对应的负极磁场与相邻的正极磁场发生明显对消,产生喷流足部亮点.根据SDO卫星太阳大气成像仪(Atmospheric Imaging Assembly, AIA)的多波段观测,该足部亮点首先出现在紫外1600?波段.待紫外(1600?)喷流从紫外足部亮点顶部向上喷发,在极紫外波段也观测到相应的亮源.随着足点源亮度突然增强,有明显的极紫外低温喷流和日浪从足部亮点侧面喷发.从GST的高分辨率Hα图像上,可见日浪由许多精细纤维组成,这些纤维扎根在足点源的东南侧.根据从光球层过色球层再到日冕层的多波段高分辨率观测,色球中下层的磁场对消触发了这次喷流事件.向上喷发的物质流可以携带能量进入上层大气,并加热上层大气.研究结果表明,低层大气磁重联可能对解决日冕加热问题起重要作用. 相似文献
6.
基于多波段的观测数据, 研究了黑子本影振荡在太阳大气不同高度或温度的振荡特征. 目标黑子发生在2017年9月15日, 位于活动区12680. 多波段的观测数据包括AIA (Atmospheric Imaging Assembly)的极紫外成像及IRIS (Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph)的紫外光谱和成像. 在太阳黑子的本影位置, AIA 1700 Å 光变曲线的振荡周期约为(4.2士0.8) min,而AIA 1600 Å、171 Å和193 Å光变曲线的振荡周期约为(2.8士0.3)min. IRIS的Mg II h和k谱线及远紫外成像(2796 Å)都表现为(3.1士0.5) min的准周期振荡,而谱线Si IV 1393.76 Å的振荡周期约为(2.9+0.4)min.观测结果说明黑子本影的振荡周期随着太阳大气高度的升高而逐渐减小.较短的周期可认为是3 min振荡,很可能与黑子本影上方的慢磁声波有关,它起源于温度极小区并向上传播到日冕.较长的周期可解释为光球的5 min振荡,与太阳的P模振荡有关. 相似文献
7.
太阳风中的电磁离子回旋(Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron, EMIC)波自报道以来,受到了广泛的关注和研究.由于波的频率接近质子的回旋频率, EMIC波可以通过回旋共振波粒相互作用将波能传递给离子,并在太阳风粒子加热和加速等能化现象中发挥重要作用.总结了太阳风中EMIC波的观测和理论研究进展,包括EMIC波在磁云内外、磁云和行星际日冕物质抛射鞘区中的观测研究得到的一系列结果以及基于观测进行波的激发机制所取得的研究进展,并展望未来研究太阳风中EMIC波的突破方向. 相似文献
8.
日冕电流片是日冕磁重联发生的主要区域, 这一过程将磁能转化为等离子体的热能和动能. 通过选取大角度光谱日冕仪(Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph, LASCO)的白光与远紫外日冕成像光谱仪(Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer, UVCS)的紫外观测, 研究了2003年1月3日观测到的冕流电流片. LASCO C2白光数据显示电流片中的等离子体团在视场中可从60km·s-1加速至340km·s-1, 加速度为 60m·s-2; 假设视向深度为0.3--1.5R⊙, 得到所研究电流片在UVCS狭缝高度处的平均电子数密度约为(1.52--7.60)×107cm-3. 对沿UVCS视场狭缝分布的[Fe xviii ] 974 ? A和Lyα谱线强度进行研究, 发现电流片处的[Fe xviii ]谱线强度比周围明显增大, 计算得到所研究时段内电流片的电子温度范围为(2.94–4.04)×106K; 而在电流片处的Lyα谱线强度相对周围变化不大, 在电流片内部两侧强度比中心略高, 可能的主要原因是电流片内部中心处等离子体的运动速度要比两侧快, 这使得中心比两侧有更强的多普勒暗化作用. 以UVCS观测的Lyα和[Fe xviii ]谱线的辐射强度比和计算的电子温度为约束条件, 发现当狭缝电流片处等离子体运动速度约为237–254 km·s ?1 时, 通过理论计算的Lyα和[Fe xviii ]谱线的辐射发射率比值和观测谱线强度比值相当. 在该速度范围内, 电流片内部Lyα辐射的碰撞项约为辐射项的42%–57%. 此事件中的冕流电流片比通常情形下的冕流电流片中等离子体温度更高、运动速度更大, 可能的原因在于其南侧爆发的两个日冕物质抛射促进了电流片中的磁重联过程, 更多的磁能释放用于等离子体的加热和加速. 所得研究结果可以为我国将要发射的先进天基太阳天文台(Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory, ASO-S)未来的资料处理提供重要参考. 相似文献
9.
与太阳射电爆发相比,通常认为频率较低的行星际射电爆发产生于远离低日冕的行星际空间.地球电离层的截止导致地基设备无法对其进行观测.美国国家航空航天局(National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA)发射的帕克太阳探测器(Parker Solar Probe, PSP)是迄今为止距离太阳最近的空间探测器.其搭载的射电频谱仪能够对10 k Hz–19.17 MHz频段范围内的射电辐射进行观测. PSP能够靠近甚至可能穿越行星际III型射电爆发的辐射源区,因此使用PSP对行星际射电爆发进行观测具有前所未有的优势.简要介绍了目前为止使用PSP的射电观测数据对行星际III型射电爆发的多方面研究,包括爆发的发生率、偏振、散射、截止频率、可能的辐射机制和相关的辐射源区等方面的研究进展,并讨论了其未来的研究前景. 相似文献
10.
主要论述宁静日冕洞，以及日冕加热问题的研究现状。讨论了宁静日冕的理论模型、观测模型和混合模型，以及冕洞区大气模型和太阳风加热问题。最后对计划中的日冕空间探测作了简要介绍。 相似文献
11.
M. S. Ruderman 《Solar physics》2011,271(1-2):41-54
In this paper we study kink oscillations of coronal loops with the density varying along the loop and also slowly changing with time. Using the Wentzel?CKramers?CBrillouin (WKB) method we obtain the adiabatic invariant that determines the time dependence of the oscillation amplitude. The obtained general results are applied to kink oscillations of cooling loops. The main conclusion of this study is that cooling causes the amplification of kink oscillations. 相似文献
12.
M. S. Ruderman 《Solar physics》2010,267(2):377-391
In this paper we study kink oscillations of coronal loops in the presence of flows. Using the thin-tube approximation we derive
the general governing equation for kink oscillations of a loop with the density varying along the loop in the presence of
flows. This equation remains valid even when the density and flow are time dependent. The derived equation is then used to
study the effect of flows on eigenfrequencies of kink oscillations of coronal loops. The implication of the obtained results
on coronal seismology is discussed. 相似文献
13.
G. Verth 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2007,328(8):764-768
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves in solar coronal loops, which were previously only predicted by theory have actually been detected with space‐borne instruments. These observations have given an important and novel tool to measure fundamental parameters in the magnetically embedded solar corona. This paper will illustrate how information about the magnetic and density structure along coronal loops can be determined by measuring the frequency or amplitude profiles of standing fast kink mode oscillations. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
14.
TRACE observations from 15 April 2001 of transverse oscillations in coronal loops of a post-flare loop arcade are investigated. They are considered to be standing fast kink oscillations. Oscillation signatures such as displacement amplitude, period, phase and damping time are deduced from 9 loops as a function of distance along the loop length. Multiple oscillation modes are found with different amplitude profile along the loop length, suggesting the presence of a second harmonic. The damping times are consistent with the hypothesis of phase mixing and resonant absorption, although there is a clear bias towards longer damping times compared with previous studies. The coronal magnetic field strength and coronal shear viscosity in the loop arcade are derived. 相似文献
15.
TRACE observations from 15 April 2001 of transverse oscillations in coronal loops of a post-flare loop arcade are investigated. They are considered to be standing fast kink oscillations. Oscillation signatures such as displacement amplitude, period, phase and damping time are deduced from 9 loops as a function of distance along the loop length. Multiple oscillation modes are found with different amplitude profile along the loop length, suggesting the presence of a second harmonic. The damping times are consistent with the hypothesis of phase mixing and resonant absorption, although there is a clear bias towards longer damping times compared with previous studies. The coronal magnetic field strength and coronal shear viscosity in the loop arcade are derived. 相似文献
16.
Observations of the solar full-disk were carried out by the Atmo- spheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) with the Fe IX 171 Å line on 16th October 2010. The obtained high-quality data permit us to elaborate on the coronal loop oscillations. It is found that a major flare of GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) class M2.9 occurred in the active region NOAA 1112 during this period, which triggered a number of coronal loops on the solar surface to oscillate. Among them, there are two coronal loops exhibiting oscillations with different physical features. The oscillation of the coronal loop located at W492/S170 is a simple harmonic oscillation with a period of 385s, which abides by the oscillating equation of x = 2.2 sin[2π/385(t–768)], while the other located at W559/S142 is a damping oscillation with a period of 449s, and the oscillating equation is expressed by x = 24.8e - 2π/343 t sin[2π/449(t–1128)], where t is the observational time in units of second. 相似文献
17.
Karam Bahari 《Solar physics》2017,292(8):110
Transverse oscillations of a thin coronal loop in a zero-beta plasma in the presence of a twisted magnetic field and flow are investigated. The dispersion relation is obtained in the limit of weak twist. The twisted magnetic field modifies the phase difference and asymmetry of standing kink oscillations caused by the flow. Using data from observations the kink speed and flow speed have been determined. The presence of the twisted magnetic field can cause underestimation or overestimation of the flow speed in coronal loops depending on the direction of the flow and twisted magnetic field, but a twisted magnetic field has little effect on the estimated value of the kink speed. 相似文献
18.
It is reasonable that neighboring coronal loops may obtain similar momentum during a flare. The fast kink oscillations (FKOs) between them are thus mainly influenced by their physical differences. We discuss the dependencies of FKO on the physical properties of coronal loops in a low-\(\beta \) thin-tube approximation. From the analysis, we obtain the analytic relationship between the density [\(\rho _{\mathrm{i}}\)] and magnetic field [\(B\)] of loops and the corresponding period [\(\tau \)] and amplitude [\(A\)] of FKO, which may provide us with a powerful tool to diagnose the physical differences between neighboring loops. 相似文献
19.
Jian-Xia Cheng Cheng Fang Peng-Fei Chen Ming-De Ding Department of Astronomy Nanjing University Nanjing 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2005,5(3):265-272
Sympathetic coronal mass ejections (CMEs) usually occur in different active regions connected by interconnecting magnetic loops, while homologous CMEs occur within the same active region with an almost the same background magnetic field, and so are similar in shapes. Two sympathetic CMEs erupted within 3 hours on 2002 May 22, originating from the same active region, AR 9948. Their multi-wavelength data were collected and analyzed. It is suggested that emerging flux triggered the occurrence of the first CME and the corresponding flare, the reconnection inflow of which in turn triggered the eruption of the second CME. Based on the fact that the two sympathetic CMEs have many similarities, in their shapes, their low-lying dimming areas, etc., we tentatively propose, for the first time, the phenomenon of sympathetic homologous CMEs. 相似文献
20.
We studied nonlinear kink oscillations of a thin magnetic tube using the cold-plasma approximation. We assumed that the plasma density varies along the tube but does not vary in the radial direction. Using the regular perturbation method, we show that the nonlinearity does not affect the oscillation amplitude. We also calculated the nonlinear correction to the oscillation frequency, which is proportional to the oscillation amplitude squared. As an example, we considered nonlinear oscillations of a coronal magnetic loop of half-circle shape in an isothermal atmosphere with equal plasma temperatures inside and outside the loop. 相似文献