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1.
为了揭示磷(P)营养缺乏对蓝藻释放挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的影响及其对其他藻类的化感作用,以形成蓝藻水华的主要种类铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)为材料,在无P培养条件下对其释放的VOCs进行分析,同时测定VOCs对莱茵衣藻(Chlamydomonas reinhardtii)生长、光合色素含量和光合性能的影响.结果表明,采用无P培养基培养铜绿微囊藻24 h后,其释放的VOCs种类和含量均明显增加,与标准培养基培养相比,VOCs总释放量增加了73.4%,并出现7种新化合物.将铜绿微囊藻释放的VOCs通入莱茵衣藻溶液中,在标准培养基中铜绿微囊藻释放的VOCs对莱茵衣藻生长无显著影响,而无P条件下释放的VOCs则明显抑制莱茵衣藻生长,其响应指数(RI)为-0.25.此外,莱茵衣藻光合色素含量、光系统II(PSII)最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、有效光化学量子产量[Y(II)]、光化学淬灭系数(q P)和光合电子传递速率(ETR)也明显降低,而非光化学淬灭系数(NPQ)则明显升高,其RI为0.26.由此可见,蓝藻在富营养化水体中大量繁殖以及P自身沉降特性导致的P缺乏会促进蓝藻释放VOCs,同时这些VOCs在保持蓝藻营养竞争优势和水体藻类多样性减少中具有化感抑制作用. 相似文献
2.
Die Beurteilung des gentoxischen Potentials in Oberflächenwasser erfordert Testmethoden, die DNA-Schäden in relevanten Organismen der aquatischen Biozönose hinreichend empfindlich erfassen. Die Mikrogelelektrophorese (MGE), auch comet assay genannt, ist solch ein gentoxikologischer Indikatortest, mit dem DNA-Strangbrüche und Alkalilabile Stellen der DNA eukaryontischer Organismen bzw. Zeilen sensitiv nachgewiesen werden können. In der vorliegenden Studie werden Ergebnisse des Einsatzes der Mikrogelelektrophorese an einzelligen Grünalgen der Spezies Chlamydomonas reinhardtii und Protozoen der Spezies Acanthamöba castellanii vorgestellt. Es werden Validierungsuntersuchungen mit gentoxischen Einzelsubstanzen wie z.B. 4-Nitrochinolin-1-oxid, Benzo(a)pyren usw. präsentiert. Außerdem wird die Untersuchung einer nativen Wasserprobe der Weißen Elster, die mit verschiedenen Konzentrationen eines EPA-Standards aufgestockt wurde, vorgestellt. Die beiden Testorganismen wiesen erwartungsgemäß eine unterschiedliche Sensitivität gegenüber verschiedenen Einzelsubstanzen auf. Die niedrigsten Effektkonzentrationen für beide Organismen konnten für 4-Nitrochinolin-1-oxid mit 1...10 μg/L ermittelt werden. 相似文献
3.
1 IntroductionAntarctic ice m icroalga Chlamydomonas sp., akind ofgreen algae in the Antarctic sea ice, playsavery important role in Antarctic ecological environm ents.Antarctic“ozonehole”enhancesthesolarUVradiationarrivingatseaiceandcontinent. M anyphy… 相似文献
4.
温度对南极衣藻ICE-L(Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L)谷胱甘肽含量及其相关酶活性的影响 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
采用分光光度法研究了在不同温度下(包括最适温度、低于或高于最适温度)南极衣藻ICE-L(Chlamydomonassp.ICE-L)谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量、蛋白含量、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)活性,同时分析了已适应高温(16℃)的衣藻重新适应低温(8℃)时这些指标的变化,以期阐明谷胱甘肽系统与南极冰藻低温适应性的关系。结果表明,当温度低于对照组(最适温度8℃)时,蛋白含量降低,而GSH含量、GPx、GST和GR活性上升,已适应高温的衣藻重新适应低温时也出现类似的结果。但当温度高于最适温度时,GSH含量、GST和GPx活性下降,而蛋白含量和GR活力有上升的趋势,GR活力增长幅度比低于最适温度时的变化小。由此可见谷胱甘肽系统在南极衣藻低温适应过程中,GSH、GPx、GR、GST与低温适应呈正相关,同时除GR外其他因子与南极衣藻高温适应呈负相关,GSH及其相关酶在南极冰藻低温适应中具有重要作用。 相似文献
5.
GSH system plays a role in the control of the redox balance state,anti-oxidation and protecting life from injury of ROS(reactive oxygen species).In present paper,the possible GSH system of Chlamydomonas sp.ICE-L has been investigated by evaluating GSH and GSH-related enzymatic responses at different temperatures using spectrophotometer methods.The results showed that the GSH system is correlated positively to low temperature,and other factors but GR are correlated negatively to high temperature.So GSH and GSH-related enzymes play an important role in the adaptation of Antarctic ice microalgae to low temperature. 相似文献
6.
以莱茵衣藻为材料，研究了Cu^2 的生物积累／吸附过程以及Cu^2 对衣藻光合作用的影响，并对两的关系进行了初步讨论。结果表明，衣藻对Cu^2 的生物吸收／吸附速率在10分钟内达平衡；1．0mg/L的Cu^2 对衣藻光合作用的影响较小，5．0、10．0、20．0mg/L的Cu^2 对衣藻光合作用的影响较大，40．0mg/L的Cu^2 可完全抑制衣藻的光合作用。Cu^2 在衣藻细胞内的生物积累和由此引起的生理功能的变化是同步进行的。 相似文献
7.
Antarctic ice microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L can survive and thrive in Antarctic sea ice. In this study, Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L could survive at the salinity of 132‰ NaCl. SDS-PAGE showed that the density of 2 bands (26 and 36 kD) decreased obviously at the salinity of 99‰ NaCl compared to at the salinity of 33‰ NaCl. The soluble proteins in Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L grown under salinity of 33‰ and 99% NaCl were compared by 2-D gel electrophoresis. After shocking with high salinity, 8 protein spots were found to disappear, and the density of 28 protein spots decreased. In addition, 19 protein spots were enhanced or induced, including one new peptide (51 kD). The changes of proteins might be correlated with the resistance for Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L to high salinity. 相似文献
8.
测定并分析澳洲长鳍鳗(Anguilla reinhardtii)肌肉中营养成分组成与质量分数。结果显示:澳洲长鳍鳗肌肉中水分质量分数为63.96%,蛋白质质量分数为17.43%,粗脂肪质量分数为16.41%,灰分质量分数为1.74%;肌肉中测出氨基酸17种(未测色氨酸),其中包括人体必需氨基酸7种(占氨基酸总质量的39.97%),必需氨基酸组成基本符合FAO/WHO标准;主要限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸、胱氨酸和缬氨酸,其必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)为82.61,鲜味氨基酸占氨基酸总质量的45.60%;脂肪酸中多不饱和脂肪酸质量分数为26.73%,其中EPA与DHA的质量分数合计为8.46%。该结果表明,澳洲长鳍鳗有较高的食用价值与保健作用。 相似文献
9.
C. L. Hopkins 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):629-640
Annual production of invertebrates was investigated in two streams, the Hinau and Horokiwi, in the North Island of New Zealand. Estimates were based on the instantaneous growth rate method, with adjustments made according to the number of generations produced per year. Production of primary consumers (herbivores and detritus feeders) was 7.6–72.1 g.m‐2.y‐1, and of secondary consumers (predators) 0.8–11.9 g.m‐3.y‐1. In both streams the lowest production was found in tree‐shaded situations. Production: biomass ratios ranged from 5.3 to 7.9 for primary consumers, and from 3.7 to 6.5 for secondary consumers. These ratios fall within the range of results found by workers in other countries. Fish in the two streams studied feed mainly on the primary consumers and so may be competing for food with invertebrate secondary consumers. 相似文献
10.
An algal culture medium was developed which reflects the extreme chemical conditions of acidic mining lakes (pH 2.7, high concentrations of iron and sulfate) and remains stable without addition of organic carbon sources. It enables controlled experiments e.g. on the heterotrophic potential of pigmented flagellates in the laboratory. Various plankton organisms isolated from acidic lakes were successfully cultivated in this medium. The growth rates of a Chlamydomonas isolate from acidic mining lakes were assessed by measuring cell densities under pure autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions (with glucose as organic C‐source) and showed values of 0.74 and 0.40, respectively. 相似文献