海洋表层沉积物中金属镉的来源解析     

谭赛章  杨涛  可愚  刘材材  张昊飞 《海洋通报》2019,38(6):683-689

利用2015年8月份对长江口及其邻近海域表层沉积物的监测数据,基于主成分分析/绝对主成分分数(PCA/APCS)受体模型定量解析了重金属元素镉(Cd)的可能来源,并结合地统计学插值了Cd的源贡献量的空间分布状况,结果表明沉积物中镉污染主要存在3个可能来源,源头及贡献率分别为工业污染(18.8%)、陆地径流输入(66.0%)、生物活动等自然因素(13.6%),并且各个源头贡献量具有不同的空间分布状况,其中工业污染的高值区主要集中在靠近陆地区域,陆地径流输入的分布呈现由近岸向外海逐减降低的特征,生物活动等自然因素的高值区主要集中在远离陆地的外海区域。  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯地块周缘垂直形变场负位错反演与应变积累研究     

张希  刘立炜  郝明  白卓立 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(6):551-556

利用鄂尔多斯地块及其周缘1970～2014年的垂直形变速率场资料，借助负位错反演研究该区域长期应变积累。结果表明，地块东北缘山西断陷带中北段年均能量积累增量、剪应力强度都较高，西南缘六盘山断裂与渭河断裂西段次之；山西断陷带中南段至晋陕交界处年均剪应力强度较高且显示一定程度的能量积累；西秦岭构造区尤其西秦岭北缘断裂西段、晋冀蒙交界区也反映一定程度的能量积累特性。  相似文献   

新疆库车县盐水沟北铜矿床地质特征及成因探讨          下载免费PDF全文

刘传朋 《山东国土资源》2018,34(4)

盐水沟北铜矿区位于新疆库车县北部,其大地构造位置处于塔吉克-塔里木陆块区、塔里木陆块、塔里木北缘隆起、库车前陆盆地,区内构造活动强烈。铜矿床赋存于新近纪中新统康村组第一岩性段,矿体呈层状,严格受地层控制。区内共圈定10个铜矿体,矿石矿物主要为孔雀石、赤铜矿、水胆矾、自然铜等,矿体内无夹石,顶、底板围岩均为褐红色及浅红色粉质泥岩。该矿床为砂岩型铜矿床。  相似文献   

Geography Deserts: State and Regional Variation in the Formal Opportunity to Learn Geography in the United States, 2005–2015     

Mark C. Jones  Marcos Luna 《The Journal of geography》2019,118(2):88-100

The formal opportunity to learn geography in the United States is unevenly distributed across space, creating possible geography deserts. Data on the number of exams taken in Advanced Placement Human Geography (APHG) and bachelor’s degrees earned in geography are mapped at the state and regional scales. Normalized rates are ranked and grouped into quintiles. For APHG exams, states in the southeastern region of the United States are in the uppermost quintiles while states in the northeastern region are in the lowermost quintiles. The pattern for bachelor’s degrees in geography is somewhat the spatial inverse of that for APHG.  相似文献   

岛屿海岸线自动化提取及其时空变迁研究——以大连市獐子岛为例   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

丁小松  单秀娟  陈云龙  金显仕  杨涛 《海洋科学》2018,42(2):46-55

海岸带是受人类活动和全球海平面上升影响的敏感地带,海岸线的提取和监测是海岸带生态系统研究和社会管理的重要内容。本文在遥感和地理信息系统的支持下,以修正的归一化水体指数(Modified Normalized Difference Water Index,MNDWI)为基础,结合遥感影像处理和直方图均衡化等技术,实现了大连市獐子岛1985—2016年海岸线的自动化提取。结果表明:(1)通过与三位专家目视解译的成果比对,本文提取海岸线的精度能满足后续研究的要求(相对误差分别为0.045%,0.032%和0.023%);(2)近30年来,獐子岛海岸线总体呈现蚀退趋势,岸线长度与岛屿面积分别呈现变短和变小的趋势,獐子岛(主岛)和大耗岛的岸线蚀退速率最大,褡裢岛次之,小耗岛最小;在人类活动较为密集的区域,海岸线呈现出较为强烈的增长趋势,海水养殖和圈海建坝是岸线增长的主要驱动力;(3)獐子岛海岸线具有显著的分形性质,分形维数随时间呈现增大的趋势,獐子岛(主岛)的分形维数最大,褡裢岛的分形维数最小。  相似文献   

基于高斯烟羽模型的船舶尾气扩散研究     

付金宇  李颖 《海洋通报》2018,(2):235-240

为有效对港区大气污染进行治理、分析船舶尾气,本文详细介绍了一种基于高斯烟羽模型,通过MATLAB模拟仿真模型,其包括实验仿真过程、技术原理及理论模型对船舶尾气扩散进行的研究。该模型是在传统的高斯烟羽模型的基础上,通过对实源像源进行加权选择输入参数;通过矢量合成确定了气体扩散的方向,利用合成后的"风速"进行计算仿真,有效模拟了船舶尾气在港区或者海洋环境中的气体扩散模型。其模型简单且可以有效模拟船舶尾气扩散。并且进一步对后续模型的精确优化进行分析。  相似文献   

A multi‐method approach to dating the burial and skeleton of Kiacatoo Man,New South Wales,Australia     

Timothy Pietsch  Justine Kemp  Colin Pardoe  Rainer Grün  Jon Olley  Rachel Wood 《第四纪科学杂志》2019,34(8):662-673

Kiacatoo Man, a large, rugged Aboriginal adult buried in the Lachlan riverine plains of southeastern Australia, was discovered in 2011. Laser‐ablation uranium series analysis on bone yielded a minimum age for the burial of 27.4 ± 0.4 ka (2σ). Single‐grain, optically stimulated luminescence ages on quartz sediment in which the grave had been dug gave a weighted mean age of 26.4 ± 1.5 ka (1σ). Luminescence samples from the grave infill and from sediment beneath the grave exhibit overdispersed dose distributions consistent with bioturbation or other disturbance, which has obscured the burial signal. The overlap between the minimum (U‐series) and maximum (luminescence) ages places the burial between 27.0 and 29.4 ka (2σ). Luminescence ages obtained from the channel belt of between 28 ± 2 and 25 ± 3 ka indicate that fluvial sedimentation was occurring before the Last Glacial Maximum, which is consistent with the broader geomorphic setting. Together, these results are internally and regionally consistent, and indicate that Kiacatoo Man was one of the more ancient individuals so far identified in Australia. His remains are important to our understanding of patterns of biological variation and other processes that have shaped people in the Murray‐Darling Basin through time. Copyright © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

利用短期静态PPP结果反演海潮负荷位移     

魏国光  王琪洁  彭葳  郭良琦 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(6):607-612

采用香港11个GPS测站的观测资料进行1 h、2 h、3 h和4h静态PPP解算，获得4组PPP坐标序列，利用调和分析求取11个测站处8个主要分潮的负荷位移参数（振幅和相位），将其与海潮模型计算的负荷位移参数进行对比，并比较分析PPP反演值与海潮模型值改正海潮负荷信号的效果。结果表明，垂直和水平方向上，不同PPP结果反演8个分潮的负荷位移分别具有约5 mm和7 mm的差异；PPP反演8个分潮垂向负荷位移优于全球海潮模型，但水平方向上的反演效果稍弱。  相似文献   

基于噪声谱比法的内蒙古西部地区台站场地响应研究     

张珂  王鑫  王树波  张红才  宋晓燕 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(6):646-651

利用内蒙古西部12个台站的地脉动噪声数据，采用噪声谱比法研究台站的场地响应情况。分析表明，台站场地响应按曲线形态可分为3类，且可能受地形地貌、局部构造和台基状况等条件影响。对比分析噪声谱比法与Moya方法的场地响应结果发现，场地响应曲线形态基本一致，只有极少数台站存在明显差异。结果表明，内蒙古西部区域大部分台站的台基状况总体较好，场地响应曲线较为平坦，无明显频率放大点。  相似文献   

Muon density measurements with the KASCADE central detector     

《Astroparticle Physics》2002,16(4):183-386

Frequency distributions of local muon densities in high-energy extensive air showers (EAS) are presented as signature of the primary cosmic ray energy spectrum in the knee region. Together with the gross shower variables like shower core position, angle of incidence, and the shower sizes, the KASCADE experiment is able to measure local muon densities for two different muon energy thresholds. The spectra have been reconstructed for various core distances, as well as for particular subsamples, classified on the basis of the shower size ratio N_μ/N_e. The measured density spectra of the total sample exhibit clear kinks reflecting the knee of the primary energy spectrum. While relatively sharp changes of the slopes are observed in the spectrum of EAS with small values of the shower size ratio, no such feature is detected at EAS of large N_μ/N_e ratio in the energy range of 1–10 PeV. Comparing the spectra for various thresholds and core distances with detailed Monte Carlo simulations the validity of EAS simulations is discussed.  相似文献