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Cochlodinium polykrikoides is a notoriously harmful algal species that inflicts severe damage on the aquacultures of the coastal seas of Korea and Japan. Information on their expected movement tracks and boundaries of influence is very useful and important for the effective establishment of a reduction plan. In general, the information is supported by a red-tide(a.k.a algal bloom) model. The performance of the model is highly dependent on the accuracy of parameters, which are the coefficients of functions approximating the biological growth and loss patterns of the C. polykrikoides. These parameters have been estimated using the bioassay data composed of growth-limiting factor and net growth rate value pairs. In the case of the C. polykrikoides, the parameters are different from each other in accordance with the used data because the bioassay data are sufficient compared to the other algal species. The parameters estimated by one specific dataset can be viewed as locally-optimized because they are adjusted only by that dataset. In cases where the other one data set is used, the estimation error might be considerable. In this study, the parameters are estimated by all available data sets without the use of only one specific data set and thus can be considered globally optimized. The cost function for the optimization is defined as the integrated mean squared estimation error, i.e., the difference between the values of the experimental and estimated rates. Based on quantitative error analysis, the root-mean squared errors of the global parameters show smaller values, approximately 25%–50%, than the values of the local parameters. In addition, bias is removed completely in the case of the globally estimated parameters. The parameter sets can be used as the reference default values of a red-tide model because they are optimal and representative. However, additional tuning of the parameters using the in-situ monitoring data is highly required.As opposed to the bioassay data, it is necessary because the bioassay data have limitations in terms of the in-situ coastal conditions. 相似文献
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化学互感作用或化感作用(allelopathy)在浮游植物的种群相互作用及动力学过程中起着重要的调节控制作用,已经成为有害藻华生态学研究中的重要领域。但在被研究的种类和化感作用的规律等方面还存在众多空白。本研究选取分离自中国和美国近海的重要藻华甲藻多环旋沟藻(Cochlodinium polykrikoides)、米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)、剧毒卡尔藻(Karlodinium veneficum)、短沟别什莱藻(Biecheleria brevisulcate),在相同的试验条件下(72 h共培养)观察其与另一种常见的藻华甲藻红色赤潮藻(Akashiwo sanguinea)的化感作用。实验结果显示化感效应随种类和特别是起始细胞密度比率而分别表现为抑制或促进共存种的生长。与起始细胞密度为500个/m L的红色赤潮藻共培养时,多环旋沟藻起始密度为250个/m L时促进红色赤潮藻生长,米氏凯伦藻苏澳株和短沟别什莱藻在细胞密度低于1 000个/m L时促进红色赤潮藻生长,同时起始密度为5 000~50 000个/m L的剧毒卡尔藻被红色赤潮藻促进生长。但是,米氏凯伦藻深圳湾株在细胞密度500个/m L以上时均抑制红色赤潮藻生长,多环旋沟藻在起始密度大于250个/m L时开始抑制红色赤潮藻生长,且抑制效应在起始密度2 500个/m L时接近100%。米氏凯伦藻的化感作用在不同株系间表现出显著差异。结果说明有害藻华甲藻之间的化感作用表现出复杂的形式,随着作用的种类和互相之间的密度比率变化而有互相促进、抑制或一方抑制(或促进)另一方等作用,这对进一步认识藻华甲藻的种群动力学具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Pyrosequencing reveals specific associations of bacterial clades Roseobacter and Flavobacterium with the harmful dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides growing in culture 
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下载免费PDF全文 Harmful algal blooms of the dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides are of worldwide environmental concern. Previous field studies have demonstrated the association of such algal blooms with free‐living bacteria (FLB) and particle‐associated bacteria (PAB). In the present study, we report evidence for bacterial association with C. polykrikoides in laboratory culture. Sampling was performed at different growth stages (lag, exponential and stationary) and pyrosequencing was used to identify taxa. As a result, the community structures of FLB and PAB were elucidated and significant differences between FLB and PAB were identified by hierarchical cluster analysis and the similarity profiles test (p = .05). The relative abundances of bacterial operational taxonomic units distinctly changed in response to the different phases of C. polykrikoides growth. The Roseobacter genus Marivita and the Flavobacterium genus Winogradskyella were dominant in the FLB and PAB associated with C. polykrikoides, respectively. The Roseobacter clade, which has also exhibited associations with C. polykrikoides blooms in field samples, may influence host cell growth through the provision of vitamins. 相似文献
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东海多环旋沟藻的形态特征和系统进化分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文首次对分离自我国东海海域的多环旋沟藻(Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef)藻株进行了详细的分类学报道。通过运用光学显微镜、荧光显微镜、电子扫描电镜和分子生物学方法,对多环旋沟藻的形态和显微特征进行了详细的描述,并对其核糖体大亚基序列(LSU rDNA)进行了系统进化分析。该藻以单细胞或链状细胞形态存在。通常链状包括2、4、8和16个细胞。横沟宽且深围绕细胞近2圈,内含鞭毛。纵沟窄并浅紧挨着横沟延伸。具有U形顶沟,细胞核大而圆,分布在上锥的前端。叶绿体棒状,数量较多并呈簇状分布。测序获得核糖体大亚基D1—D3区序列为870bp,通过构建系统发育树和Jukes-Cantor遗传距离矩阵可知东海多环旋沟藻藻株为东亚型。 相似文献
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Juan Jos Dorantes-Aranda Luz María García-de la Parra Rosalba Alonso-Rodríguez Lourdes Morquecho 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(9):1401-1405
The hemolytic activity of the dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides from Bahía de La Paz, Gulf of California was investigated as part of the ichthyotoxic mechanism of this microalga. Two different kinds of erythrocytes, fish and human, were tested for the hemolytic assay. Since fatty acids have been associated with hemolytic activity in C. polykrikoides, the composition of fatty acids of this dinoflagellate was also analyzed. The concentration of C. polykrikoides causing 50% hemolysis (HE50) was 4.88 and 5.27 × 106 cells L−1, for fish and human erythrocytes, respectively. According to the standard curve of saponin, an equivalence between the hemolytic activity of saponin and the dinoflagellate concentration was found with 1 μg saponin mL−1 equivalent to 1 × 106 cells L−1 of C. polykrikoides. The polyunsaturated fatty acids: hexadecaenoic (16:0), docosahexaenoic (22:6 n3) and octadecapentaenoic (18:5 n3) were found in an abundance of 62% of total fatty acids. 相似文献
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多环旋沟藻Cochlodinium polykrikoides赤潮在全球频繁爆发。2006年10—11月间, 在广东珠海海域爆发的双胞旋沟藻Cochlodinium geminatum赤潮则较为少见。双胞旋沟藻赤潮发生于富营养的近岸水体, 赤潮发生区内水温变化范围23.41—27.54℃, 盐度变化范围15.49—17.92。双胞旋沟藻的细胞密度随温度和盐度的升高而显著升高, 最高细胞密度达1.6×106个.L-1。在赤潮发生后期, 海区水温下降及群落中红色中缢虫Mesodinium rubrum数量的上升, 可能是导致双胞旋沟藻赤潮衰亡的重要原因。 相似文献
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