沉积硫化物层形成的物理化学条件研究     

赵伦山沈镛立  刘文华战为国 《地球化学》1987,(4):360-367

本文以甲生盘层控铅-锌-硫铁矿床为例，应用化学平衡及热力学计算方法定量估计同生硫化物层形成的古盐度，pH和Eh条件。计算表明，在富有机质的还原性海盆地中，细菌还原硫酸盐反应使体系pH,Eh值明显降低。甲生盘矿含矿层沉积环境为：S=70%，pH=7.08-7.17,Eh=-0.230--0.418V.高盐度，强还原及偏低的ph环境有利于硫化物富集。  相似文献   

Vibrating-Sliding Motion of Caisson Breakwaters Under Various Breaking Wave Impact Forces     

WANG  Yuan-zhan 《中国海洋工程》2003,17(4):565-576

Sliding is one of the principal failure types of caisson breakwaters and is an essential content of stability examination in caisson breakwater design. Herein, the mass-spring-dashpot model of caisson-base system is used to simulate the vi-brating-sliding motion of the caisson under various types of breaking wave impact forces, i.e., single peak impact force, double peak impact force, and shock-damping oscillation impact force. The effects of various breaking wave impacts and the sliding motion on the dynamic response behaviors of caisson breakwaters are investigated and the calculation of relevant system parameters is discussed. It is shown that the dynamic responses of the caisson are significantly different under different types of breaking wave impact forces even when the amplitudes of impact forces are equal. The amplitude of dynamic response of the caisson is lower under single peak impact excitation than that under double peak impact or shock-damping oscillation impact excitation. Though the disp  相似文献   

埃尔—尼诺发生前的冬季,西北太平洋副热带高压的特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨淑瑞  战淑云 《海洋预报》1992,9(1):29-33

本文对1951～1990年西北太平洋副热带高压特征量资料进行了普查分析,找出了在埃尔-尼诺发生前的冬季副热带高压偏弱,其面积指数、强度指数偏低,脊线位置及588线北界位置偏南的特征。文中对副热带高压强度指数进行了较详细的分析,通过对1～3月份副热带高压强度指数距平和逐年进行累加后发现,低谷处为埃尔-尼诺发生年。  相似文献   

A Probabilistic Method for Motion Analysis of Caisson Breakwaters   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

王元战朱志伟  董少伟 《中国海洋工程》2006,20(1):73-84

1 .IntroductionInrecent years ,especiallyfrom1994 when aninternational conference on breakwater design washeldinJapan,muchresearchonthe dynamic analysis of caisson breakwaters has been done ,and manyimportant progresses have been made .Oumeraci and Korten…  相似文献   

城镇购房衡量的农业转移人口流向特征与形成机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴文恒  张敬飒  徐凯颖  屈英豪  朱虹颖 《地理学报》2016,71(10):1680-1695

农业转移人口在城镇购置房产切合了新型城镇化规划和中央经济工作会议对市民化的要求。研究购房定居或准备定居城镇群体的流向特征,有助更好地落实有效供给。随机问卷调查乡村务农人员、打工者,在校大学生、研究生及其背后的家庭成员,采用回忆或电话问询方式填写农村购房转移个体和家庭基本状况,获得江苏、河南、陕西等24省区1327份有效信息,分析中国购房转移群体的流向特征与态势,用Spearman双变量相关分析和多项分类Logistic回归分析方法从个体或家庭角度探究购房流向分异的成因及形成机制。结果表明：20世纪80-90年代购房转移人口少,2000年以来渐多,趋向年轻化,教育程度较高群体多购房转移到规模较大或等级较高的城市。省区内城市,尤其县级城市是购房转移主要地,镇吸纳能力整体较弱,原住地层次影响迁住地高度。东部地区省区内购房转移多元分化,中部地区在县级以上城市分散购房转移,西部地区购房转移到省区内地级以上城市占一半以上。需求互补性、中介机会、距离远近影响购房转移及其分异,获得期望的经济收入加以城市的吸引力,是人们在工作或打工地购置房产的深层原因;没有稳固工作地点,一般倾向家乡的县级城市、镇或者就近的高等级城市购房。购房转移和流向分异与教育程度、固定工作与否、是否购房地工作、现工作地时间、购房年龄等个人或家庭发展条件的因子显著相关,是宏观社会环境政策影响、中观城乡系统各种媒介作用与微观个体或家庭成员主观行为多向耦合综合驱动的结果。  相似文献   

基于MapX的地图编辑系统设计与实现   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

庞文超  王洪战  赵红强 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(6)

基于GIS组件MapX,采用面向对象编程语言VB和Accesss 2000数据库,开发一个地图编辑系统,给出了系统的总体结构、主要功能、部分关键代码及其功能实现.  相似文献   

基于多模式集合模拟气候变化对长江流域油菜生产潜力影响研究（英文）     

田展  纪英豪  孙来祥  徐新良  樊冬丽  钟洪麟  梁卓然  FICSHER Gunther 《地理学报(英文版)》2018,(11)

Rapeseed is one of the major oil crops in China and it is very sensitive to climate change.The Yangtze River Basin is the main rapeseed production area in China.Therefore,a better understanding of the impact of climate change on rapeseed production in the basin is of both scientific and practical importance to Chinese oil industry and food security.In this study,based on climate data from 5 General Circulation Models(GCMs) with 4 representative concentration pathways(RCPs) in 2011–2040(2020 s),2041–2070(2050 s) and 2071–2100(2080 s),we assessed the changes in rapeseed production potential between the baseline climatology of 1981–2010 and the future climatology of the 2020 s,2050 s,and 2080 s,respectively.The key modelling tool – the AEZ model – was updated and validated based on the observation records of 10 representative sites in the basin.Our simulations revealed that:(1) the uncertainty of the impact of climate change on rapeseed production increases with time;(2) in the middle of this century(2050 s),total rapeseed production would increase significantly;(3) the average production potential increase in the 2050 s for the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin is 0.939,1.639 and 0.339 million tons respectively;(4) areas showing most significant increases in production include southern Shaanxi,central and eastern Hubei,northern Hunan,central Anhui and eastern Jiangsu.  相似文献   

苏北平原龙冈LG孔晚第四纪地层与环境演化记录   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

夏非  张永战 《地理研究》2018,37(2):433-446

通过研究已经获得的苏北平原龙冈LG孔岩芯野外描述、照片、粒度、¹⁴C测年、有孔虫、孢粉、重矿物等原始测试分析数据,并参考邻区发表成果和该区新近补充的资料数据,再分析和讨论了LG孔的地层层序、年代框架和环境演化记录等内容。结果表明：① LG孔34.8 m岩芯保存了MIS 4以来沉积环境演化记录,先后经历了河漫滩、河湖相洪泛平原（第二硬黏土层）、较开放潮滩的潮间带和潮下带、较开放潮滩的潮下带、较开放潮滩的潮间带和潮上带下部、河湖相洪泛平原（第一硬黏土层）、潮上带滨海沼泽和海岸沙堤等一系列环境演化过程,其中潮滩环境的MIS 3海侵层发育;② 西冈贝壳沙堤龙冈段的全新统厚度很薄,一般在10 m以内,由于LG孔可见两个硬黏土层,应位于古河间地而非下切古河谷区,且以其第一硬黏土层顶面作为全新统底界更为合理,故原报道该孔全新统厚达25 m难以成立;③ 老于末次冰盛期的常规和加速器¹⁴C测年数据皆存在着不同程度的误差和不确定性,加之淤泥和钙质结核等测年材料易受污染等,故LG孔第二硬黏土层中的2个¹⁴C测年数据明显偏年轻,皆不宜用于解释地层年代。  相似文献   

Numerical Analyses of Caisson Breakwaters on Soft Foundations Under Wave Cyclic Loading   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王元战  焉振  王禹迟 《海洋工程》2016,(1):1-18

A caisson breakwater is built on soft foundations after replacing the upper soft layer with sand. This paper presents a dynamic finite element method to investigate the strength degradation and associated pore pressure development of the intercalated soft layer under wave cyclic loading. By combining the undrained shear strength with the empirical formula of overconsolidation clay produced by unloading and the development model of pore pressure, the dynamic degradation law that describes the undrained shear strength as a function of cycle number and stress level is derived. Based on the proposed dynamic degradation law and M-C yield criterion, a dynamic finite element method is numerically implemented to predict changes in undrained shear strength of the intercalated soft layer by using the general-purpose FEM software ABAQUS, and the accuracy of the method is verified. The effects of cycle number and amplitude of the wave force on the degradation of the undrained shear strength of the intercalated soft layer and the associated excess pore pressure response are investigated by analyzing an overall distribution and three typical sections underneath the breakwater. By comparing the undrained shear strength distributions obtained by the static method and the quasi-static method with the undrained shear strength distributions obtained by the dynamic finite element method in the three typical sections, the superiority of the dynamic finite element method in predicting changes in undrained shear strength is demonstrated.  相似文献   

Application of Importance Sampling Method in Sliding Failure Simulation of Caisson Breakwaters     

王禹迟  王元战  李青美  陈良志 《海洋工程》2016,(3):469-482

It is assumed that the storm wave takes place once a year during the design period, and N histories of storm waves are generated on the basis of wave spectrum corresponding to the N-year design period. The responses of the breakwater to the N histories of storm waves in the N-year design period are calculated by mass-spring-dashpot mode and taken as a set of samples. The failure probability of caisson breakwaters during the design period of N years is obtained by the statistical analysis of many sets of samples. It is the key issue to improve the efficiency of the common Monte Carlo simulation method in the failure probability estimation of caisson breakwaters in the complete life cycle. In this paper, the kernel method of importance sampling, which can greatly increase the efficiency of failure probability calculation of caisson breakwaters, is proposed to estimate the failure probability of caisson breakwaters in the complete life cycle. The effectiveness of the kernel method is investigated by an example. It is indicated that the calculation efficiency of the kernel method is over 10 times the common Monte Carlo simulation method.  相似文献