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31.
以2003年的中国第2次北极科学考察的海冰物理过程调查数据为依据,分析了海冰动力学特征并给出体现动力学特征的定量参数。这些参数指出:现场调查的海冰密集度同NOAA冰图上的密集度相比低2~3成,而厚度比1999年的中国首次北极考察结果减少2 m;冰层底面起伏方差约是冰层表面积雪起伏方差的3.8倍;浮冰最快以1 300m/h速度运动并伴随振荡旋转。实测浮冰向东北运动时,旋转角度增加,最大达到37.8o,东南方向旋转时,角度减小;浮冰运动的振荡周期为12.45 h,同该纬度惯性流振荡周期一致,体现出惯性流对浮冰运动的贡献。 相似文献
32.
南祁连盆地木里坳陷部署的多个天然气水合物钻孔钻遇不同程度的水合物与油气显示伴生现象,指示该地区具有良好的油气勘探前景,有必要对已发现油气显示进行来源分析。由于水合物钻孔深度有限,针对DK-9孔4组油气显示样品,在开展现有烃源岩油源对比基础上,选取中侏罗统、上三叠统各5组代表性低熟烃源岩样品进行热模拟实验,模拟深部烃源岩生、排烃过程,将新生烃类再次与油气显示进行对比,进一步探究油气显示来源。结果显示,油气显示可分为两类(Ⅰ和Ⅱ),第Ⅰ类油气显示遭受生物降解作用,成熟度稍高,第Ⅱ类油气显示成熟度稍低;现有烃源岩主要分为三种类型(Ⅰ—Ⅲ),分别对应深度163.30~207.42 m、 207.42~348.50 m、357.90~586.50 m。结合常规油源对比、热模拟实验与地质条件分析,最终推测第Ⅰ类油气显示主要与第Ⅰ类烃源岩同源;第Ⅱ类油气显示主要与第Ⅱ类烃源岩同源,此外可能还有第Ⅲ类烃源岩或更深层烃源岩的贡献,即其母质来源既与中侏罗统烃源岩有关又与上三叠统烃源岩有关。 相似文献
33.
基于温度链浮标获取南极普里兹湾积雪和固定冰厚度的研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
极地积雪和海冰厚度是气候变化的重要指标,也是船舶在冰区航行需要掌握的主要参数。2014和2015年在南极普里兹湾中山站附近布放了一种新式的温度链浮标,该浮标每天进行4次常规温度观测和1次加热升温观测,用于实时获取积雪和海冰剖面温度及厚度数据的研究。通过分析剖面温度曲线和升温曲线反映出的大气、积雪、海冰和海水4种介质的热传导特性差异,可利用人工识别的方法（人工经验法）获得大气/积雪、积雪/海冰和海冰/海水界面的位置。根据统计不同介质在升温响应和垂直温度梯度等方面的特性,找到合理阈值,可通过编写程序自动判断各界面的位置（自动程序法）。本文利用这两种方法来判断不同物质界面位置从而计算得到积雪和海冰厚度。与现场人工观测的海冰厚度相比,人工经验法的平均偏差和均方根偏差分别为2.1 cm和6.4 cm（2014年）以及4.3 cm和6.5 cm（2015年）,自动程序法的平均偏差和均方根偏差分别为-6.8 cm和6.4 cm（2014年）以及4.5 cm和 6.6 cm（2015年）;对于积雪,人工经验法与现场人工观测的平均偏差和均方根偏差分别为0.5 cm和 8.5 cm,而自动程序法的平均偏差和均方根偏差分别为4.7 cm和10.8 cm。自动程序法误差较人工经验法偏大,但考虑到整体冰厚和现场观测的误差,两种方法的结果均是可信的,精度是可以接受的。利用新式的温度链浮标实时获取南极普里兹湾积雪和海冰厚度是可行的。 相似文献
34.
基于中国北极考察布放浮标观测和数值模拟的海冰和积雪厚度变化分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sea ice and the snow pack on top of it were investigated using Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition(CHINARE) buoy data.Two polar hydrometeorological drifters,known as Zeno? ice stations,were deployed during CHINARE 2003.A new type of high-resolution Snow and Ice Mass Balance Arrays,known as SIMBA buoys,were deployed during CHINARE 2014.Data from those buoys were applied to investigate the thickness of sea ice and snow in the CHINARE domain.A simple approach was applied to estimate the average snow thickness on the basis of Zeno~ temperature data.Snow and ice thicknesses were also derived from vertical temperature profile data based on the SIMBA buoys.A one-dimensional snow and ice thermodynamic model(HIGHTSI) was applied to calculate the snow and ice thickness along the buoy drift trajectories.The model forcing was based on forecasts and analyses of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF).The Zeno~ buoys drifted in a confined area during 2003–2004.The snow thickness modelled applying HIGHTSI was consistent with results based on Zeno~ buoy data.The SIMBA buoys drifted from 81.1°N,157.4°W to 73.5°N,134.9°W in 15 months during2014–2015.The total ice thickness increased from an initial August 2014 value of 1.97 m to a maximum value of2.45 m before the onset of snow melt in May 2015;the last observation was approximately 1 m in late November2015.The ice thickness based on HIGHTSI agreed with SIMBA measurements,in particular when the seasonal variation of oceanic heat flux was taken into account,but the modelled snow thickness differed from the observed one.Sea ice thickness derived from SIMBA data was reasonably good in cold conditions,but challenges remain in both snow and ice thickness in summer. 相似文献
35.
结合岩石磁学、磁化率各向异性度与区域构造分析了西秦岭温泉岩体的侵位机制及意义.温泉岩体的样品的平均磁化率km值总体很大,岩石磁学表明对于磁化率较低的样品,顺磁性矿物（如黑云母等）对磁化率的贡献较大,而少量铁磁性矿物（如磁铁矿等）可能作为剩磁载体.对于磁化率较高的样品,其主要载磁矿物为磁铁矿;花岗岩样品的校正磁化率各向异性度PJ总体小于1.2,显示了岩体为流动磁组构的特征,磁化率椭球体形态参数T总体大于0,扁率E总体大于1,以压扁椭球体为主;岩体的磁面理同磁线理相比更为发育,样品的磁面理普遍表现出围绕岩体边界分布的特点,且倾角较陡;而在岩体内部磁线理与磁面理分布相对散乱,定向性差,这一特征说明温泉岩体的磁组构主要由侵位时的侧向挤压作用形成的;虽然岩体的磁组构特征总体显示了N-NEE和SW向的挤压作用,但岩体侵位时由商丹缝合带闭合所产生的垂直于缝合带方向的挤压作用已相对较弱.本文认为,温泉岩体侵位时是一种弱挤压环境,或者是一种相对稳定的环境甚至可能是一种相对引张的背景,这与温泉岩体形成于后碰撞环境,秦岭造山带已演化至后碰撞拆沉作用发生的伸展阶段所反映的区域构造背景是一致的. 相似文献
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37.
塔里木盆地下古生界是该区深部油气勘探的重点领域,而下寒武统烃源岩是目前研究的重点。但由于埋藏深,目前钻井揭示的下寒武统烃源岩样品较少。轮探1井(LT-1)是该区现阶段钻探最深的一口井。本次研究对轮探1井下寒武统样品进行了系统的有机地球化学分析。通过对有机质丰度和有机质类型的分析,确定下寒武统玉尔吐斯组下部为优质烃源岩。利用沥青反射率、拉曼光谱和岩石抽提物有机地球化学参数确定了烃源岩的成熟度。沥青的平均反射率为1.515%~1.725%,激光拉曼光谱法测定的镜质组等效反射率平均为1.64%。干酪根碳同位素范围为−30.98‰~−31.51‰,平均为−31.19‰,为Ⅱ型有机质。同时利用盆地模拟软件恢复了轮探1井的埋藏史和成熟史。与传统模拟结果相比,本次研究模拟结果显示早期埋藏较浅,现阶段出现了最高地层温度,代表了典型的晚期生烃。晚白垩世时期,下寒武统烃源岩进入凝析气、湿气阶段。研究结果表明,塔北地区新生代以来的构造演化也可能受到盆山耦合作用的影响,新生代以来的快速埋藏导致了晚期生烃,深层油气勘探特别是凝析气和湿气的勘探仍具有良好的前景。 相似文献
38.
南秦岭金池院与张家坝岩体磁组构特征和构造意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
秦岭造山带勉略(勉县—略阳）缝合带北侧的金池院和张家坝岩体的磁组构特征显示,其平均磁化率Km低于1000μSI,校正磁化率各向异性度PJ小于11,为流动磁组构特征。磁化率椭球体形态参数T反映两岩体总体分别以挤压和拉伸应变为主,而又明显观察到两岩体边部近平行于岩体边界、内部相对混乱的磁面理分布特征。这些磁组构特征反映了岩体形成时勉略缝合带闭合的NNE—SSW向挤压作用仍然存在,但相对主造山期已较弱,其磁组构主要形成于岩体侵位时的侧向挤压作用。本文认为,金池院与张家坝岩体形成于印支期勉略缝合带闭合之后的后碰撞环境,是后造山过程由挤压向伸展体制转化时期的产物。 相似文献
39.
The vertical structure of Planetary boundary layer over Arctic floating ice is presented by using about 50 atmospheric profiles and relevant data sounded at an ice station over Arctic Ocean from 22 August to 3 September,2003.It shows that the height of the convective boundary layer in day is greater than that of the stability boundary layer in night.The boundary layer can be described as vertical structures of stability,instability and multipling The interaction between relative warm and wet down draft air from up level and cool air of surface layer is significant,which causes stronger wind shear,temperature and humidity inversion with typical wind shear of 10 m/s/100 m,intensity of temperature inversion of 8 ℃/100 m.While the larger pack ice is broken by such process,new ice free area in the high latitudes of arctic ocean.The interactions between air/ice/water are enhanced.The fact helps to understanding characteristics of atmospheric boundary layer and its effect in Arctic floating ice region. 相似文献
40.
Estimates of near surface layer parameters over 78°N drifting ice in ice camp over the Arctic ocean are made using bulk transfer methods with the data from the experiments operated by the Chinese Arctic Scientific Expedition in August 22-September 3,2003.The results show that the net radiation received by the snow surface is only 3.6 W/m2,among which the main part transported into atmosphere in term of sensible heat and latent heat,which account for 52% and 31% respectively,and less part being transported to deep ice in the conductive process.The bulk transfer coefficient of momentum is about 1.16×10-3 in the near neutral layer,which is a little smaller than that obtained over 75°N drifting ice.However,to compare with the results observed over 75°N drifting ice over the Arctic Ocean in 1999,it can be found that the thermodynamic and momentum of interactions between sea and air are significant different with latitudes,concentration and the scale of sea ice.It is very important on considering the effect of sea-air-ice interaction over the Arctic Ocean when studying climate modeling. 相似文献