Incremental dynamic analysis of woodframe buildings     

Ioannis P. Christovasilis  Andre Filiatrault  Michael C. Constantinou  Assawin Wanitkorkul 《地震工程与结构动力学》2009,38(4):477-496

The collapse of wood buildings was one of the main contributors to the heavy death toll and economic losses during the 1995 Hyogo‐ken Nanbu (Kobe) earthquake in Japan. In California, half of the property loss from the 1994 Northridge earthquake was attributed to wood construction. Based on damage observed in recent earthquakes, the seismic vulnerability of existing wood buildings under maximum credible seismic events is uncertain. The main objective of this study is to quantify the seismic collapse fragilities and collapse mechanisms of a two‐story townhouse and three‐story woodframe apartment building through numerical analyses. Three construction quality variants (poor, typical and superior) were considered for each building in order to assess the effects of construction qualities on seismic collapse fragilities. The buildings were also re‐designed according to the 2006 edition of the International Building Code to quantify the seismic fragilities of modern woodframe construction. The results obtained suggest that the construction quality, excitation direction and wall finish materials can influence significantly the collapse fragilities of woodframe buildings. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

1999 Andrei Borisovich Vistelius Research Award     

Andre G. Journel 《Mathematical Geology》1999,31(8):1019-1021

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Geostatistics and Petroleum Geology     

Andre G. Journel 《Mathematical Geology》2000,32(1):139-141

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Consistent floor response spectra for performance-based seismic design of nonstructural elements     

Roberto J. Merino  Daniele Perrone  Andre Filiatrault 《地震工程与结构动力学》2020,49(3):261-284

The achievement of adequate performance objectives for buildings under increasing seismic intensities is not only related to the performance of structural members but also to the behavior of nonstructural elements. The need to properly design nonstructural elements for earthquakes has been largely demonstrated in the last few years and has become an important objective within the earthquake engineering community. A crucial aspect in the proper design of nonstructural elements is the definition of the seismic demand in terms of both absolute acceleration and relative displacement floor response spectra. In the first part of this study, relative displacement and absolute acceleration floor response spectra were computed for four reinforced concrete moment-resisting archetype frames via dynamic time-history analyses and were compared with floor response spectra predicted by means of two recent simplified methodologies available in the literature. It was observed that one of the existing methodologies is generally unable to predict consistent absolute acceleration and relative displacement floor response spectra. An improved procedure is developed for estimating consistent floor response spectra for building structures subjected to low and medium-high seismic intensities. This new procedure improves the predictions of a relative displacement floor response spectrum by constraining its ordinates at long nonstructural periods to the expected peak absolute displacement of the floor. The resulting acceleration and relative displacement response spectra are then consistently related by the well-known pseudo-spectral relationship over the entire nonstructural period range. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology was appraised against floor response spectra computed from nonlinear time-history analyses.  相似文献   

SMSM: a similarity measure for trajectory stops and moves     

Andre L. Lehmann  Luis Otavio Alvares 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(9):1847-1872

For many years trajectory similarity research has focused on raw trajectories, considering only space and time information. With the trajectory semantic enrichment, emerged the need for similarity measures that support space, time, and semantics. Although some trajectory similarity measures deal with all these dimensions, they consider only stops, ignoring the moves. We claim that, for some applications, the movement between stops is as important as the stops, and they must be considered in the similarity analysis. In this article, we propose SMSM, a novel similarity measure for semantic trajectories that considers both stops and moves. We evaluate SMSM with three trajectory datasets: (i) a synthetic trajectory dataset generated with the Hermoupolis semantic trajectory generator, (ii) a real trajectory dataset from the CRAWDAD project, and (iii) the Geolife dataset. The results show that SMSM overcomes state-of-the-art measures developed either for raw or semantic trajectories.  相似文献   

Evaluating the accuracy and uncertainty of atmospheric and wave model hindcasts during severe events using model ensembles     

Abdolali  Ali  van der Westhuysen  Andre  Ma  Zaizhong  Mehra  Avichal  Roland  Aron  Moghimi  Saeed 《Ocean Dynamics》2021,71(2):217-235

Ocean Dynamics - Various uncertainties exist in a hindcast due to the inabilities of numerical models to resolve all the complicated atmosphere-sea interactions, and the lack of certain ground...  相似文献   

Automated Detection of Coronal Loops Using a Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima Method     

R. T. James McAteer  Pierre Kestener  Alain Arneodo  Andre Khalil 《Solar physics》2010,262(2):387-397

We propose and test a wavelet transform modulus maxima method for the automated detection and extraction of coronal loops in extreme ultraviolet images of the solar corona. This method decomposes an image into a number of size scales and tracks enhanced power along each ridge corresponding to a coronal loop at each scale. We compare the results across scales and suggest the optimum set of parameters to maximize completeness, while minimizing detection of noise. For a test coronal image, we compare the global statistics (e.g. number of loops at each length) to previous automated coronal-loop detection algorithms.  相似文献   

Factors driving the biogeochemical budget of the Amazon River and its statistical modelling     

Vincent Bustillo  Reynaldo Luiz Victoria  Jose Mauro Sousa de Moura  Daniel de Castro Victoria  Andre Marcondes Andrade Toledo  Erich Collicchio 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2011,343(4):261-277

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Magnetic anomalies in the Eastern Caribbean     

Nuris Orihuela Guevara  Andreína García  Mariano Arnaiz 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,102(3):591-604

Despite the many different studies on the origin and evolution of the Caribbean Plate, no proposal has been widely accepted so far. A key element within this field of research is the characterization of the plate subsurface oceanic crust, as it would clarify the conditions in which it originated, the geological period when it formed and its possible geographical location at this first evolution stage. Based on partial results of this research work, we can say that the conclusions of previous studies are valid to a great extent, namely the NE–SW orientation of the striped magnetic anomalies in the Venezuelan Basin’s western section and the existence of W–E preferentially oriented stripes parallel to the Leeward Antilles. The magnetic response of the triangular section in the southeast of the Venezuelan Basin represents cretaceous magnetic quiet zone (CMQZ) and therefore shows a considerable attenuation of the stripe pattern, indicating that the whole East Caribbean subsurface features oceanic crustal material. As for the period recorded by the Caribbean magnetic stripes, we propose the interval between chrons M23 and M0, and part of CMQZ. The wavelengths of the identified anomalies suggest that the ridge associated with the formation of Caribbean ocean floor was slow-spreading when compared to average currently active ridges.  相似文献   

Evaluating next-generation intensity–duration–frequency curves for design flood estimates in the snow-dominated western United States     

Hongxiang Yan  Ning Sun  Mark Wigmosta  L. Ruby Leung  Zhangshuan Hou  Andre Coleman  Richard Skaggs 《水文研究》2020,34(5):1255-1268

Civil infrastructure such as culverts and bridges are commonly designed using precipitation-based intensity–duration–frequency (PREC-IDF) curves, which assume that the occurrence of precipitation is in the form of rainfall and immediately available for the rainfall-runoff process. In snow-dominated regions, where most winter precipitation occurs as snow that melts during spring to early summer, the use of standard PREC-IDF curves may lead to substantial underestimation of design floods and high failure risk of infrastructure. In this context, we developed next-generation IDF (NG-IDF) curves that characterize the actual water reaching the land surface (i.e., rainfall plus snowmelt) to enhance standard infrastructure design in snow-dominated regions. This study evaluates the performance of NG-IDF curves coupled with U.S. Department of Agriculture Technical Release 55 hydrologic model in estimating design floods for 246 snowy locations in different hydroclimate regimes of the western United States. Design flood estimates from a well-validated continuous simulation using a physics-based hydrologic model, the Distributed Hydrology Soil Vegetation Model (DHSVM), were used as the performance benchmark. Compared with the benchmark estimates, the standard PREC-IDF curves led to substantial errors in design flood estimates, while the NG-IDF curves significantly reduced these errors. For example, the averaged error in the 50-year design flood estimates over the 246 locations was reduced from 31% with the use of PREC-IDF curves to 12% with the use of NG-IDF curves. Despite the different model structures, the single-event NG-IDF approach versus the continuous simulation DHSVM did not exhibit statistically significant differences in 91% of the 246 locations for the 50-year design flood estimates. This indicates a satisfactory performance of NG-IDF curves to estimate design flow under the conditions tested in the snow-dominated western United States. This article also presents technical suggestions and the limitations of infrastructure design using NG-IDF curves for regulatory agencies and practicing engineers.  相似文献